In writing this poem, Liu Yuxi did not condescend to encourage Cao Kun to study hard as a teacher, but had a cordial conversation with Cao Kun as a confidant in his hometown, which implied its meaning. This poem has three main contents. The first four sentences are about my life in these years, and I have been exiled to remote areas for more than ten years, studying tirelessly. The second sentence is an encouragement to Cao Kun and a wish for Cao Kun to study in seclusion. The last two sentences said that when he went back, he met his relatives and friends in his hometown to report his peace. This is in the sense of farewell.
The first couplet said, "I spent more time in Xiaoxiang than in Wan Li, and I have been to many places since I was demoted to Xiaoxiang." . This is since he was demoted to Langzhou. After the failure of Yongzheng's innovation, in September of the first year of Yongzheng (805), Liu Yuxi was demoted from wasteland to Lianzhou secretariat by Yuan Wailang. Before he took office, he was demoted to Sima, who came from Langzhou (now Changde, Hunan) on the way, and began a long life in Xiaoxiang. Ten years later, Yuanhe returned to Beijing in the spring of the tenth year (8 15), was demoted to Lianzhou secretariat in March, and took office in June of the same year until Ding Muyou left office in the fourteenth year of Yuanhe. Liu Yuxi first relegated Langzhou, the northernmost city in Hunan, and then moved to Lianzhou, the southernmost city in Hunan, so he called it Xiaoxiang. However, in this remote land of Xiaoxiang, he seldom met a bosom friend from his hometown. Liu Yuxi's "Yuan Riqing": "There is no old knowledge in a foreign land, and there are few cars and horses." It also shows that he was in a strange place when he first came to Lianzhou. Therefore, Liu Yuxi is still very excited about the arrival of Cao Kun. When he meets an old friend in another country, Cao Kun himself is still a smart and studious person. The phrase "I will think of home when I am with my friends" has implied the meaning of finally meeting this time. The word "my hut" comes from the poem "Many birds rejoice and I love my hut" in Tao Yuanming's Reading Shan Hai Jing, which refers to my hometown here.
In the lonely and relegated life, the only thing Liu Yuxi can do is to study. "A few huts near the water are idle, and an autumn lamp is used for self-study at night", which is about Liu Yuxi reading at night in a humble room. Lu You's Late Spring, "A few huts reflect the lake, but thousands of books won't save the poor", obviously draws lessons from Liu Yuxi's poems. The so-called "leisure", that is, the state Sima is also a sinecure. Bai Juyi's "Jiangzhou Sima Ting Ji" is straightforward: "Case" Six Codes of the Tang Dynasty ":Shangzhou Sima, ranked fifth, aged 100, with a monthly salary of 60,000 to 70,000. Officials are enough to shelter from the wind and rain, and food is enough to give home. Zhou is, not Sima Gong; Bad county government is not Sima's crime. Nothing, no worries. " As a Sima, Liu Yuxi is not allowed to participate in official business. Although there is no official residence, he has leisure to study. In his later years, Liu Yuxi wrote Liu Jilue, saying that "the sum of dwelling yuan and Xiang is swayed by the scenery of mountains and rivers, and it is often said that it is materialized into songs and poems, or it needs to be commented after reading it." There is also the idea of encouraging Cao Kun to continue to study hard and explore knowledge by presenting himself.
"If the land is far away, we must go as planned, and the plan will be completed by bus." Two allusions are used here. Biography of Zhu Han Michael: "When I was a few years old, I bought a minister and counted him as a chess piece. I took a heavy bus to Chang 'an, but I didn't report books for a long time, waited for the bus, and lacked food. If I count him as a chess piece, I am even more a beggar. "Zhu Maichen once went to Chang 'an with officials and was later used as an allusion to the pursuit of fame. Hanshu: "Three years after the founding of the People's Republic of China, it has become an imperial decree: give a virtuous person who can speak out and take a look." This is the allusion that "easy bus" refers to the sage who was recommended to enter Beijing being summoned by the bus. These two poems encourage Cao Kun to study quietly, don't rush for success, and he will be called up after learning.
"If you ask Lianzhou, only Qianshan's paintings are inferior." The words "playing in the middle" and "Lianzhou" here are three levels of words, which refer to both people and things. "Playing in the middle" can be interpreted as "my friend in Shu". "Lianzhou" refers to your own business in Lianzhou. I think "Ask Lianzhou in the middle of a conversation" is quite similar to Wang Changling's sentence "Ask relatives and friends in Luoyang". Liu Yuxi said this sentence, which is a compliment to Lianzhou's landscape and a comfort to relatives and friends in his hometown. Although Lianzhou in Tang Dynasty was remote and desolate, it had picturesque scenery and pleasant climate. Before Liu Yuxi, the poet Jie Yuan once lived in Lianzhou. Yuan Jie named a lake here Haiyang Lake. There are waterfalls, moon caves and other scenic spots by the lake. After Liu Yuxi came to Lianzhou, he built a pavilion by the ocean lake, named Li Yinting. In his spare time, he overlooks the surrounding scenery from the official pavilion. The winding stream, the covered flowers and plants, the white flying bath, the broken rainbow-like bridge and the harmonious and melodious pines make the poet relaxed and happy, and temporarily forget the anguish of the official.