In just one year, Liu Bei proclaimed himself emperor in Chengdu, with the title of "Han", which means inheriting the Han Dynasty. Historically, he used to call it "Shu" or "Shu Han", and his position was roughly equivalent to that of a warlord.
Then, as a self-styled "Han orthodoxy", why did Liu Bei dare to stand on his own feet as emperor?
There are three reasons for this:
First, Liu Bei wants to be king in his bones.
The reflection records:
When the late Lord (Liu Bei) was young, he played with the children of Zhongzong under a tree and said, "I must build a car with this feather."
"Building a car with feathers" was the emperor's specification, and Liu Bei was unwilling to be lonely since he was a child.
For Liu Bei's words, his uncle Liu Zijing was scared to death and said, "Don't talk nonsense, destroy our door!"
It means: if you talk nonsense like this again, you will be executed for treason!
When Liu Bei grew up, he devoted himself to fame and fortune, which coincided with troubled times. He finally made a breakthrough, but he was not willing to be inferior and always wanted to build his own inheritance.
Betrayed Gongsun Zan, Lu Bu, Cao Cao, Yuan Shao, Sun Quan and Liu Zhang in order to stand on their own feet.
Seeing that his thighs have gained weight, he burst into tears and named his son "Phoenix Cicada", and his ambition was obvious.
Later, Liu Bei decided to seize Hanzhong from Shu and become the king of Hanzhong. Then Cao Pi abolished the Han Dynasty, so Liu Bei couldn't wait to become an emperor and stand on his own feet in Sichuan.
"Biography of the Sages of Lingling" said: At that time, people felt different in midsummer, and they heard that Liu Bei was in Shu and his neck stretched out in all directions. And to be truly prepared, Palestine and Israel show that the world is not vast and they want to slow down. Use the main book "Yong Mao" as an admonition, kill Mao with other things, so that distant people will never come again.
The so-called "determination is truth", "determination" means persistence and wholehearted, and "determination is truth" means being an emperor.
This record is that after Cao Pi abolished the Han Dynasty, people in China were unstable, and everyone hoped that Liu Bei could revive the Han Dynasty. However, Liu Bei's mind was to be an emperor himself, so Liu Bei and the main book Yongmao advised Liu Bei, but Liu Bei killed Yongmao, and the people of the Central Plains no longer hoped for Liu Bei.
Second, Liu Bei proclaimed himself emperor because of the encouragement of his courtiers.
In troubled times, generals will fight bloody battles with their masters in order to protect their wives and children and gain fame and fortune, and Liu Bei's soldiers are no exception. As early as after Liu Bei won Bashu, some people urged Liu Bei to claim the title of emperor with the incident of "Huanglong first saw Wuyang Chishui", but at that time, the battle of Hanzhong was not over yet, and Liu Bei naturally dared not openly rebel.
But then Cao * * * and Xelloss abolished Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty, and this situation was different. Finally, Liu Bei can become an emperor with dignity, calling himself the orthodox Han Dynasty.
It can be said that Liu Bei's reign as emperor has both external and internal factors.
In the final analysis, it is the situation.
Third, the deep-seated interpretation of Liu Bei's claim to be emperor.
Pei Qian once commented on Liu Bei:
"Made in China, you can cheat, but you can't be a politician. If you are in danger, one side is enough. "
Many people resented Pei Qian's comments on Liu Bei and reacted violently. In fact, I'm afraid these people didn't understand the meaning of Pei Qian's words.
The idea of benevolence and filial piety governing the world in Han Dynasty is undoubtedly correct. However, due to the loss of government by the rulers of the Han Dynasty, the world was in chaos and the whole society was on the verge of collapse. In this situation, if we want to stabilize the country, we must have an iron-fisted and powerful person to manage it in cold blood. This man is Cao Cao.
In other words, the "normal" gentleness and sanctimoniousness of the Han Dynasty is actually out of date. Everyone wants to be a good person and doesn't want to be a bad person, so the result can only be that the world is full of bad people. Cao Cao actually acted as the biggest villain at this time, and his role was to deter countless "little villains"!
Liu Bei himself said: "This refers to the people who are in hot water with me. Cao Cao is also anxious, and I am lenient;" Fighting violence with violence, I am benevolent; Fuck with arrogance, I am loyal; Every time you are an enemy of Cao Cao, things can be heard. "
It seems that he was the orthodox and spokesman of benevolence and righteousness in the Han Dynasty, but in fact, judging from the situation at that time, Liu Bei's insistence on the so-called "benevolence and righteousness" mode in the Han Dynasty once again became the mainstream of society, which would be a disaster for the whole society. At that time, no one could rule the wicked, and everyone would act in a kind coat, and the world would be more chaotic.
In fact, even the cruel Cao Cao, don't you know that benevolence is better than cruelty? He once said: "If you want to govern peace and pursue your career, you must pay something back", that is, you should respect morality in peacetime and emphasize energy in wartime.
Gao Rou, a senior official of Cao Wei, also said: "The rule of a husband depends on ceremony. In the chaotic politics, punishment comes first. "
In other words, Cao Cao, including Cao Cao's aides, knows that cruelty will leave a stigma, which is not a long-term solution. However, in those days, someone had to do this kind of thing. Only when social order is restored and the country is stable can we talk about morality and benevolence again! The so-called "heavy code is used in troubled times."
In Pei Qian's view, Liu Bei can't do this, which is why he said that Liu Bei "can confuse people but can't cure them."
Everything is lacking in China's history, except careerists. In the late Three Kingdoms period, the general trend of the world tended to be unified, but Zhong Hui still wanted to be the king of separatist regimes, and the idol of the ambitious Zhong Hui was Zhao Lie of Shu Han. Zhong Hui said: "If things are done, you can win the world;" If you fail, you can surrender to Shu Han, still Liu Bei. " (The original text comes from the headline number of the Three Kingdoms. )