Kangxi was very appreciative of the study of porcelain in past dynasties. In the 19th year of Kangxi, Jingdezhen was ordered to restore the imperial kiln factory and develop all kinds of new porcelain. In the 25th year of Kangxi, Jingdezhen Imperial Kiln Factory fired a set of daily-use porcelain-"Twelve Flower Cups" for the court. "Poetry, books, paintings and seals" were used on the same ship for the first time. Each cup is painted with a seasonal flower, which refers to a famous woman in history and inscribed with a corresponding poem. It used to be called "Flower December Cup". Emperor Kangxi liked it very much and took it with him on several southern tours. He not only likes the craft of the porcelain of the Flower God Cup, but also likes the cultural artistic conception of flowers with Tang poetry.
Yongzheng, Jiaqing, Guangxu, official kilns and folk kilns in the Republic of China all copied the "Twelve Flower Cups" with slightly different sizes. "Flower Cup" has developed into a historical brand, and the words "Kangxi Year System in Qing Dynasty" remain in the imitation of later generations. Every flower cup is regarded as a treasure by fans in various historical periods. The real twelve-flowered cup of Kangxi Dynasty is undoubtedly an absolutely priceless treasure, and it is also one of the three wishes of every porcelain collector.
According to relevant records, the Japanese emperor during World War II was a huge fan of Kangxi Blue and White Colorful Flower December Cup. As early as 1926, the Japanese government set up the "Oriental History Museum" to collect precious cultural relics from Asian countries. 1937 After the July 7th Incident, the Japanese Oriental History Museum once specially collected China Kangxi blue and white multicolored December cups. According to the cups of each month, Japan hides the collected cups of Flower God in various material positions in batches. 1945, Japan was defeated and the Japanese army retreated. Some material positions were directly destroyed, some were buried and some were washed away. Someone looked at these ships that the Japanese army retreated. Among them, there is such an internal mimeographed material distributed by 1977 in the file about Abowan, which is particularly attractive. According to the records, according to the actual report, Abo Pill contains handicrafts, artworks and valuables such as Yuan Blue and White, Flower God Cup, bronze tripod and jade jewelry, which were smuggled out of the country after the Japanese occupied China in the war. ...
According to the textual research and speculation of all kinds of information, the Japanese may have put the osmanthus cup in August in the December God Cup of blue and white colorful flowers collected from China on this ship called Apo Pill! However, the ship sailed to the east of Niushan Island, Fujian Province, China, and was discovered by the US submarine "Queen Fish" cruising in the sea area. It was attacked by several torpedoes and sank quickly after 3 minutes. Except for 1 person, 2,009 passengers and crew, as well as 40 tons of gold, 12 tons of platinum, about 40 boxes of jewelry and cultural relics, 3,000 tons of tin ingots, 3,000 tons of rubber and thousands of tons of rice loaded on board, all sank to the bottom of the sea. The Tang Dynasty (AD 6 18-907) was the heyday of the development of classical poetry in China. Poetry in this period pushed the artistic features such as syllable harmony and refined words to an unprecedented height, so Tang poetry was highly respected in all previous dynasties. In March of the forty-fourth year of Kangxi (1705), Patten, Shen Sanzeng, Zhong Ne and other ten people were asked to compile The Complete Poems of Tang Dynasty. Based on Hu Zhenheng's Tang Yin Tong Qian in the Ming Dynasty and Tang Poetry in the early Qing Dynasty, * * * collected more than 48,900 poems by more than 2,200 people. The twelve flowers-chanting poems used in Kangxi Flower God Cup all quoted the whole Tang poetry or the poems of the same period.
January daffodils: Spring breeze Nong Yu to clear books, jathyapple Ling Bo on the embankment.
Winter jasmine in February: the golden calyx is cold in spring, and there are several yellow flowers.
Peach blossom in March: the wind flowers are new and colorful, and the old season is full of spring.
Peony in April: Xiaoyan is far away from the golden palm, and the fragrance of dusk deeply stirs the wind in Yutang.
May pomegranate: exposed bead curtain, fragrant wind powder wall cover.
June lotus: the root is jade in the mud, and the heart is dew.
Orchids in July: the hall is fragrant and the platform is far away.
Osmanthus fragrans in August: Branches give birth to infinite months, and flowers are full of natural autumn.
September Chrysanthemum: A thousand-year-old liquor is fragrant for a young woman all her life.
October hibiscus flowers: fragrant and persistent rain, good color and fine smoke.
Chinese rose in November: don't follow thousands of species, only bloom for one year.
Plum blossom in December: the snow tree is full of fragrance. Flowers are the bells of the exquisite beauty of heaven and earth. Appreciating flowers lies in knowing their beauty and bones, so as to wander in the unique charm of each flower and win interest. As the ancients said, "Plums show clear bones, orchids are fragrant, tea is elegant, Li Xie makes up, apricots are delicate and charming, chrysanthemums are proud of first frost, daffodils are ice-skinned and jade-skinned, peonies are beautiful, Yushu is slim and graceful, Jinlian Ran Ran Pond, Osmanthus Fragrant Moon Cave and Furong Leng Yan Hanjiang River".
The unique temperament of flowers is quiet, elegant and beautiful, which has become a beautiful spiritual enjoyment for flower lovers.
Flowers have different temperament and beauty because of different seasons. The so-called "the fragrance of Leng Yan is known by snow, and who wears wax in the rain" is the beauty of plum blossoms; "The Double Ninth Festival is here, and Ao Shuang branches are blooming in the dream" is the beauty of chrysanthemum; The beauty of orchids is that "the grain is not far from sending fragrance, but it can send vulgar dust". Since ancient times, many poets and poets have written touching chapters for flowers. In these works of art, flowers have become an inner yearning and a beautiful spiritual realm, which deeply beautifies people's hearts.
People who love flowers and cherish them will naturally leave many touching legends for them. Therefore, in China, every flower has its own flower god and beautiful story.
January: daffodils
Narcissus:/kloc-blooms only in February, once a year. The history of Aquarius calls it the elegant guest in the flower.
Flower God: Fu Fei. In ancient times, Luoshui and Luoshen were often mentioned. "I occasionally meet Luo Shen in winter, and loneliness only leads me to spring first." "Jiang wants to go to Ling Bo, and the Chinese woman first returned from Xie Peigui." "Who is the romantic Chen Sike? Imagine the Luoshui people of that year. " The "Luoshen", "Jiang Fei" and "Luoshui Man" mentioned in these poems all refer to the Luoshui God Fu Fei. Later generations called daffodils Fu Fei, a mythical water fairy.
February: Magnolia
Magnolia: Magnolia puts apricot blossom fertilizer. Old plum branch oriole language, small pavilion purple swallow. Because it blooms in early spring in February and March, it is named "Winter jasmine" and is called "the messenger of spring".
Flower God: Yang Guifei. Yang Guifei is a natural beauty. "As long as she turns her head and smiles, there will be hundreds of spells, and the makeup of the sixth palace will go up in smoke." She is called the first beauty of the Tang Dynasty. After more than a thousand years, she is second to none. Yang Guifei, together with Shi, Wang Zhaojun and Diophantine, is called the four beauties in ancient China.
March: Peach Blossom
Peach blossom: Peach blossom is in full bloom in the bright spring season, charming and brilliant.
Flower god: Mrs. Xi. During the Spring and Autumn Period, the wife of the Western Hou of Chu was destroyed by King Wen of Chu in a coup. King Wen of Chu wanted to marry Mrs. Xi because she was beautiful, but Mrs. Xi refused. After she stole out of the palace to find it, the latter committed suicide, and her wife became a martyr. It's March when peach blossoms are in full bloom. The Chu people appreciated Mrs. Xi's loyalty and worshipped her, calling her the Peach Blossom God.
April: peony flowers
Peony: Known as the king of flowers, it ranks first among flowers. It is elegant, gorgeous and beautiful, and has the reputation of national beauty and fragrance.
Flower God: Li Juan. Fortunately, Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty was an imperial secretary. Jade is soft, blowing like blue. When you taste the song "Return Air" by the Lan Zhi Temple, the trees in the courtyard fall for it, which is called "flying flowers in the courtyard".
May: Pomegranate flower
Pomegranate: It blooms in early summer with bright colors and delicious fruit.
Flower God: Wei Zifu. Wei Zifu, the second empress of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, was originally an apprentice of Hou Caoshou and Princess Pingyang. Later, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty visited Princess Pingyang's house. She was lucky and took Wei Qing to the palace.
June: Lotus
Lotus: It is open in midsummer, graceful in blue sky and clear water, fresh and elegant, full of fragrance, and has the reputation of a gentleman in flowers. Therefore, it has something to do with Buddhism. All kinds of Buddhas and Bodhisattvas are often portrayed sitting on lotus seats, which embodies the meaning of getting rid of secular troubles.
Flower God: Stone. The first of the four most beautiful women in China. Formerly known as Shi Yiguang, Zhuji Zhuluo Mountain Xiazhuluo Village Huansha girl was born with beauty and unparalleled talent. According to legend, after Wu's death, he crossed the five lakes with a boat.
July: Orchids
Orchids: orchids are mostly born in valleys, so they are also called secluded guests in flowers. The fragrance is fragrant and pleasant.
Flower God: Su Xiaoxiao. There is no detailed investigation of her life. According to legend, she was a famous prostitute in Qiantang during the Southern Qi Dynasty. After her death, she was buried next to Xiling Bridge. The stone tablet reads: Su Xiaoxiao Tomb in Qiantang. "Jade was once buried here in Hushan, and flowers and moons can cast gold."
August: osmanthus fragrans
Osmanthus fragrans: It blooms all year round, and it is the most prosperous in bloom around the Mid-Autumn Festival in August. Its fragrance flies thousands of miles, hence the name Shilixiang.
Xu Xianfei (Xu Hui). Daughter of Xu Xiaode, the concubine of Emperor Taizong Li Shimin. Five days after birth, you can talk. Four-year-old Tong Lunyu and his poems. At the age of eight, I was an excellent writer. Father Xiao De once called Li Sao a mountain, which means a cloud: "Look up at the secluded rock and caress Gui Zhi for meditation; I will meet this Millennium, and I will be alone. "
September: Chrysanthemum
Chrysanthemum: It blooms in late autumn, and in autumn, bloom is yellow. The bottle history table lists him as the champion of September flowers, and also takes camellia and begonia as maids.
Flower god: left (left powder). A female writer in the Western Jin Dynasty, she was born in Linzi, Qi (now Zibo, Shandong). According to the unearthed epitaph, Zi and fen were the earliest female poets in China. Learn less and write more. Be the concubine of Emperor Wu.
October: hibiscus
Lotus, also known as Manglietia, is called Manglietia because its flowers are as bright as lotus. Hibiscus is a deciduous shrub that blooms after the first frost.
Flower god: Mrs. Hua Rui. According to legend, the hibiscus flower god is Mrs. Hua Rui, the concubine of the late Shu Wang Meng. She likes hibiscus flowers, and the empress Meng planted hibiscus flowers for her both outside the city and inside the city. Mrs. Huarui also dyed the cloth with hibiscus flower juice and drew a gauze curtain called Hibiscus Curtain. Later, after Song Jun entered Shu, Mrs. Hua Rui was captured. Zhao Kuangyin saw that Mrs. Huarui was very beautiful and took her as his concubine. According to legend, in the dead of night, Mrs. Huarui often took out the portrait of the late Lord Meng and told her with tears how much she missed him. When Zhao Kuangyin discovered it, he killed it with an arrow, and the hibiscus flowers in the yard were dyed red with blood. Since then, people have honored her as the hibiscus flower god.
November: Chinese rose
Rose: Catharanthus roseus is bright and the moon is red. Flowers bloom every month all year round. Even in the cold winter, when the vegetation is weak and the flowers wither, the roses are still in full bloom.
Flower God: Wang Zhaojun (Wang Mingming). Zigui, Nanjun, was elected as a "good family" in the Han and Yuan Dynasties. The painter Mao Yanshou refused to accept bribes, so Mao Yanshou put a mole on her portrait. After that, she disappeared from your face. After Zhaojun left the fortress, the two ethnic groups of Han and Hungary were United and harmonious, and the country was prosperous and peaceful. "Border towns are closed, cattle and horses are wild, dogs in the third world bark without warning, and Li Shu forgets to fight", showing a thriving scene of peace.
December: plum blossom
Plum Blossom: Blooming in the dead of winter, it is solitary, clean and lofty, and has the reputation of being a diner among flowers. It is also called "three friends in cold years" with pine and bamboo.
Flower God: Princess Shouyang. Princess Shouyang, the daughter of Emperor Wu of the Southern Dynasties, was lying under the eaves of Zhangdian. Just then, there happened to be a breeze blowing, which made wintersweet blossom in succession, and a few just landed on Princess Shouyang's forehead. After being stained by sweat, they left a faint flower mark of wintersweet pattern on the princess's forehead, which could not be erased, making Princess Shouyang look more feminine and charming. The poem "Red Rose" says, "If you make up Princess Shouyang's forehead, the six palaces will strive to learn plum blossom makeup".
Flower Festival
In China, it is said that February 12th of the lunar calendar is the birthday of Baihua, and there has been a "Flower Festival" since ancient times, also known as "Flower Festival", commonly known as "Hundred Flowers Birthday". This festival was first recorded in the book Tao Zhugong in the Spring and Autumn Period. It is said that it was the most popular during the reign of Wu Zetian (690-705 AD). Because Wu Zetian loves flowers like life, officials and people try their best to follow suit, and the Flower Festival is popular. Therefore, the Lantern Festival on the 15th of the first month, the Flower Show on the 15th of February and the Mid-Autumn Festival on the 15th of August are regarded as equally important traditional festivals, and people even call the latter two "flowers, flowers and the moon". During the reign of Kang Yonglong in Qing Dynasty, the "Flower Fair" was also popular. On February 15, the imperial court still kept the traditional customs of offering flowers to the gods, cutting the ribbon and enjoying the red, and there were flower beds in chengde mountain resort and Yuanmingyuan.