First, (20 16, Dongying, Shandong, the real question of the senior high school entrance examination) reading in classical Chinese
(1) When I was a child, a wolf left and a dog sat in front. After a long time, my eyes seem to be useless and very idle. Tu suddenly and violently, a knife split the wolf's head, several knives to kill it. Fang wanted to go, but after turning to pay, a wolf hole was among them, which meant to tunnel in and attack the back. The body is half in, and only the tail is exposed. After the slaughter, he died of a broken stock. It was the wolf who fell asleep before enlightenment, and covered it to lure the enemy.
The wolf was shocked, but was killed twice in an instant. What is the geometry of the beast? Stop laughing.
(Excerpted from Pu Songling's Wolf)
(2) Perilla sat at night and was bitten by a mouse. Stop sleeping and stop working. Light a candle for the boy. There is a hole in it. Hey hey hey hey hey hey. Say, "Hey! The mouse can't go when it sees the customs. " Look, there is nothing, and there are dead mice in it. ..... I repeat, I fell to the ground and left. Although you are sensitive, there is nothing you can do.
Perilla sighed, "what a surprise! It's a mouse. Locked in a coffin, the coffin is solid and can't make holes. So it's not biting, but biting, causing people with sound; Immortality can be rid of by form. I smell the breath of life, but I am not wise to others. Cut jiaozi, climb the tortoise and hunt the forest, treat everything, and die in rats; In the plan of falling into this insect, the rabbit was surprised to find that she was a virgin. Wu also has wisdom among them. "
..... if someone told me, he said, "... different from you, but different from things, so a mouse bite changed it. People can break the wall of 1000 yuan, but they can't lose their voices in the kettle; If you can fight the tiger, you won't be stung by bees and change color. 4. This is a different question. You forgot when I said it? ”……
(Selected from Su Shi's Fu on the Mouse)
Note ① (f incarnation): Beat. ② tuó: bag. ③ü(Jiāo)ü(áo)ü: Onomatopoeia, which describes the sound of rats biting people. ④ chài: poisonous insect similar to scorpion.
1. Explain the words added in the following sentences.
(1) A dog is sitting in front.
(2) Strong but not acupoint.
(3) The mouse is too closed to walk.
(4) Do not change color on bee stings.
2. Translate the following statement.
So it's not biting, but biting, causing people with sound; Immortality can be rid of by form.
Both of them write about the contest between human and animals, but the ending is completely different. What is the reason?
4. Both texts are "narrative" and "expressive", but their genres and expressive emphases are different. Try to explain it briefly.
answer
1.( 1) Like a dog. (2) bite. (3) existence. (4) in.
2. So pretend not to bite and attract people with sound; Play dead if you're not dead, and try to escape if you play dead. (That's right)
3. The butcher in Wen Jia can see through the wolf's nature, see through the wolf's cunning, seize the opportunity, act boldly and finally defeat the wolf; Second, because people are not expert in energy, slack and negligent, influenced by foreign things, deceived by the other side and fall into the trap of the other side. (That's right)
4. "Wen Jia" is a novel (or fable), focusing on the strangeness of the story, so it is mainly narrative, the author's point of view is very short, and the readers understand the truth contained in the story. The second essay is a sketch (or fu), focusing on "understanding" Taking the escape of "rat" as the main line, this paper focuses on the causal relationship of the story, and then draws inspiration and reveals the truth. (That's right)
analyse
1. This question examines the ability to understand content words in classical Chinese. Usually, we should pay more attention to accumulation and induction, strengthen the understanding and memory of key notional words, key function words, polysemy, ancient and modern different meanings, flexible use of parts of speech, and common words in classical Chinese, and learn to transfer and use them. Dogs, nouns as adverbials, are like dogs. Point, noun as verb, bite. Look, the word is ambiguous, be. The word is ambiguous. When doing the problem, we should combine the context, carefully analyze and confirm the meaning of the word.
2. This question examines the translation of classical Chinese. Requirements: complete, smooth and accurate. Note: Therefore, therefore. Bite, bite. However, the tide turns, but. Use, use. To attract. Demand, demand
This question examines the ability to understand and analyze the content of the article. The key to answering this question is to sort out the content according to the requirements of the topic and the information prompted, find out the relevant sentences and summarize them. Combined with the content of Wen Jia, from the "Holocaust", the wolf's head was cut with a knife, and it was killed several times. Fang wanted to go, but after turning to pay, a wolf hole was among them, which meant to tunnel in and attack the back. The body is half in, and only the tail is exposed. As can be seen from the story, the butcher realized the greedy nature of the wolf, saw through the wolf's tricks, seized the favorable opportunity of the wolf's catnap, and killed him violently. ; Combined with the second, according to the sentence "repeat, go to the ground. Although you are very sensitive, there is nothing you can do. "It can be seen that this boy is not single-minded, cheated by the mouse and fell into the trap of the other party. Finally, the mouse managed to escape. Just follow the answer.
4. This question examines comparative reading. Stylistically, Wen Jia is a novel or fable, while B Wen is a prose or essay. Wen Jia takes narration as the main form of expression, and only points out the philosophy contained in the story in the last paragraph, which is concise. The focus is on the strangeness of the story, not the reasoning. The second article is mainly based on reasoning and has only one paragraph. The other two paragraphs all express their views and opinions on the basis of narration. Focus on the causal relationship contained in the story. After layers of analysis, the last paragraph reveals the inner truth of the story: people can break a thousand yuan of jade, but they can't lose their voice in the kettle; If you can beat a tiger, you can't lose color on a bee sting: this is a different problem.
Reference translation
A: After a while, one wolf went straight away, and the other wolf squatted in front of the butcher like a dog. After a long time, the wolf's eyes seem to be closed, and it looks very leisurely. The butcher suddenly jumped up, cut off the wolf's head with one knife and killed the wolf with several knives. The butcher just wanted to leave, but he turned and saw the back of the firewood pile. Another wolf is digging a hole in the firewood pile, intending to drill a hole to attack the butcher's back. The body has gone halfway, showing only the ass and tail. The butcher cut off the wolf's thigh from behind and killed the wolf. The butcher realized that the wolf in front pretended to sleep, which was originally used to lure the enemy.
The wolves were too cunning, but after a while, both wolves were killed. How deceptive can animals be? It's just a joke.
B: Perilla sits at night and mice bite. Perilla patted the bed board and the sound stopped. It stopped and sounded again. (Perilla frutescens) ordered the boy to take a candle to shine under the bed. There is an empty bag that has been bitten by a mouse. The boy said, "Ah, this mouse can't walk away when it is locked up." (Boy) Open the bag and look inside. There is no sound in it. The boy held up the candle and found a dead mouse in the bag. (Boy) Turn the bag upside down and pour the mouse out. The mouse ran as soon as it landed, and even the agile people were caught off guard.
Perilla sighed and said, "It's really strange, this is the cunning of the mouse! The mouse is put in the bag. The bag is so strong that the mouse can't bite it. So (the mouse) bites the bag when it can't bite, pretending to bite the bag to attract people; Play dead if you're not dead, and try to escape if you play dead. I heard that there is nothing smarter than human beings. People can tame dragons, kill dragons, catch turtles, hunt unicorns, serve all things in the world and dominate them, but they are finally used by a mouse, amazed at the change from extremely quiet to extremely dynamic. Where is human wisdom? "
..... as if someone said to me, "... you are disturbed and influenced by external things, so a mouse can attract you to be dominated by it and help it change its predicament. People can keep quiet by breaking precious jasper, but they scream when they break a pot. People can race the tiger, but when they see bees and scorpions, they can't help but change color, which is the result of unspecific. This is what you said earlier, have you forgotten? "
Second, (20 1 1, Foshan, Guangdong, the real question of the senior high school entrance examination) reading in classical Chinese
Ah Zai came home late, and all the meat in his burden was eaten, leaving only bones. On the way, the two wolves traveled a long way. Eliminate fear and throw it at the bone. The wolf has a bone to stop, and the wolf still comes from. After the re-voting, the post-wolf stopped and the former wolf came again. The bones are exhausted. And the combination of two wolves is the same. Tu was embarrassed. He was afraid of being attacked by the enemy. There is a wheat field in Gu Ye, where the landowner earns a lot of money. Tu Naiben leaned against it and held it.
Knife. Wolves are afraid to go forward, eyeing each other. When I was a child, a wolf left and a dog sat in front of him. After a long time, my eyes seem to be useless and very idle. Tu suddenly and violently, a knife split the wolf's head, several knives to kill it. Fang wanted to go, but after turning to pay, a wolf hole was among them, which meant to tunnel in and attack the back. The body is half in, and only the tail is exposed. After the slaughter, he died of a broken stock. It was the wolf who fell asleep before enlightenment, and covered it to lure the enemy. The wolf was afraid, too, but he was killed twice in an instant. What is the geometry of the beast? Stop laughing!
5. Select the item with incorrect explanation ().
A. Before Naiwu, the wolf fell asleep. B. Tu suddenly became grumpy.
C. Tu was embarrassed and afraid of being attacked by the enemies before and after. D. Stop laughing (only)
6. Choose a sentence with the same meaning as "chop off the wolf's head with a knife" from the following sentences.
A.i was told to do a lot of things in the army. B I punished my senior officials and killed them in response to Chen She.
C. it is too clear to live for a long time. D. solids are strange
7. Choose the correct one of the following sentences ()
A. When I was a child, a wolf passed by, and one of his dogs sat in front (for a while, a wolf walked away from the path and another wolf squatted in front like a dog).
B for a long time, my eyes seemed to fade, and I was relaxed (after a while, the wolf's eyes seemed to close and looked relaxed).
C. On the road, two wolves walked far away (they met two wolves on the road and followed the butcher far away)
D. A wolf hole, designed to dig a tunnel to attack the rear (another wolf hid in the firewood hole and tried to get through and attack the butcher from behind)
8. Choose a () that correctly understands the text.
A. the article mainly tells us that to deal with evil forces like wolves, we must first make concessions. If they push their luck and are insatiable, they should fight bravely.
B the basic plot of the article is: meet a wolf-resist the wolf-fear the wolf-kill the wolf.
C. "Throw a bone" and "Throw another bone" show the butcher's pity and hope for the wolf.
D. "The wolf is afraid to move forward and is eyeing" and "One wolf goes straight and the other dog sits in front" show the cunning of the wolf.
9. Choose the incorrect one of the following statements ()
A. Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio is a collection of short stories in classical Chinese written by Pu Songling in Qing Dynasty. "Zhi" means to remember, while "Yi" means strange things, mostly stories of ghosts and foxes.
B verbs such as "sudden emergence", "split", "turn away" and "break through" show the butcher's brave and resourceful fighting spirit.
C. The story of this article is vivid and tortuous, and the language is concise and vivid. It mainly depicts the images of butchers and wolves through psychological description, which gives people profound inspiration.
D the last paragraph is mainly a discussion, which points out the main idea of the whole paper and contains irony.
answer
5.B
6.A
7.B
8.D
9.C
analyse
5. The explanation of the words added in B is incorrect. The massacre broke out (suddenly)
6. The "with" in sentence A and the "with" in "cutting the wolf's head with a knife" have the same meaning and are both prepositions. B conjunction "come" c because. D is "already", already.
7.b the translation is correct. When I was a child, a wolf led it and a dog sat in front of it. After a while, a wolf went straight away and the other wolf squatted in front of the butcher like a dog. C "Two Wolves on the Road Journey": I met two wolves on the road and followed them for a long time. D "One wolf is digging a hole in it, which means to dig a tunnel to attack the back": Another wolf is digging a hole in the woodpile and intends to drill a hole to attack the butcher's back.
8.d correctly understand the content of the text. It is wrong to say "give in first". B it should be: in case of a wolf-be afraid of the wolf-resist the wolf-kill the wolf. C "showing the butcher's pity for the wolf" is wrong.
9.c The statement that "butchers and wolves are mainly portrayed through psychological description" is incorrect. Mainly through action description, the images of butchers and wolves are portrayed.
Reference translation
A butcher came home at night, and the meat in his burden had been sold out, leaving only bones. I met two wolves on the road and followed them for a long time. The butcher was afraid and threw the bone to the wolf. A wolf got a bone and stopped. Another wolf is still following him. The butcher threw the bone to the wolf again, and the wolf who got the bone behind stopped, but the wolf who got the bone in front came again. The bones have been thrown away. But the two wolves chased the butcher together as before.
The butcher was embarrassed and anxious, and I was afraid that he would be attacked by wolves. The butcher saw a threshing floor in the field. The owner of the threshing floor piled firewood in the threshing floor and built a hill. The butcher then ran over, leaned over the pile of firewood, put down the burden and picked up the butcher's knife. The two wolves dared not go forward and stared at the butcher.
After a while, one wolf went straight away, and the other wolf squatted in front of the butcher like a dog. After a long time, the wolf's eyes seem to be closed, and it looks very leisurely. The butcher suddenly jumped up, cut off the wolf's head with one knife and killed the wolf with several knives. The butcher just wanted to leave, but he turned and saw the back of the firewood pile. Another wolf is digging a hole in the firewood pile, intending to drill a hole to attack the butcher's back. The body has gone halfway, showing only the ass and tail. The butcher cut off the wolf's thigh from behind and killed the wolf. The butcher realized that the wolf in front pretended to sleep, which was originally used to lure the enemy.
The wolves were too cunning, but after a while, both wolves were killed. How deceptive can animals be? It's just a joke.
Iii. (20 1 1, Ningbo, Zhejiang, the real question of the senior high school entrance examination)
wolf
Pu Songling
Ah Zai came home late, and all the meat in his burden was eaten, leaving only bones. On the way, the two wolves traveled a long way.
Eliminate fear and throw it at the bone. The wolf has a bone to stop, and the wolf still comes from. After the re-voting, the post-wolf stopped and the former wolf came again. The bones are exhausted, and the two wolves drive together.
Tu was embarrassed. He was afraid of being attacked by the enemy. There is a wheat field in Gu Ye, where the landowner earns a lot of money. Tu Naiben leaned against it with a knife on his shoulder. Wolves are afraid to go forward, eyeing each other.
When I was a child, a wolf left and a dog sat in front of him. After a long time, my eyes seem to be useless and very idle. Tu suddenly and violently, a knife split the wolf's head, several knives to kill it. Fang wanted to go, but after turning to pay, a wolf hole was among them, which meant to tunnel in and attack the back. The body is half in, and only the tail is exposed. After the slaughter, he died of a broken stock. It was the wolf who fell asleep before enlightenment, and covered it to lure the enemy.
The wolf was shocked, but was killed twice in an instant. What is the geometry of the beast? Stop laughing.
10. Explain the words added below.
(1) Guye has a wheat field (2) with a wolf hole in it.
1 1. The following sentence has the same meaning and usage as ().
A. The first emperor cut the wolf with a knife and didn't mean to ask me.
B. One of his dogs, sitting in the front, is more beautiful than Xu Gong.
C. and the combination of two wolves doesn't make sense.
D. Du Naiben leaned on him, while An Lingjun made some promises.
12. Write the meaning of the following sentences in modern Chinese.
The wolf was shocked, but was killed twice in an instant. What is the geometry of the beast?
13. What inspiration do you get from this fable?
answer
10.( 1) Looking back (2) Punching holes (2 points, each grid 1 minute)
1 1.C
12. Wolves are also cunning, but after a while, both wolves were hacked to death. How many tricks can animals use? (2 points, meaning can be satisfied)
13. Revelation: ① People as evil as wolves will always be caught no matter what tricks they play. As long as you dare to fight and play well, you will win. (2 points, just write a little, the meaning can be satisfied)
analyse
10. Investigate the notional words in classical Chinese. First of all, we should have a general understanding of the content of the article, find out the meaning of the sentence, and judge the meaning according to the meaning of the sentence and the mastery of common words in classical Chinese. When interpreting, we should pay attention to the changes of meaning and usage, and judge the meaning according to the context. This topic is synonymous with ancient and modern times, such as "hole": make a hole. So don't use the present to interpret the past. Understanding the context is the key to the answer.
The words added by 1 1.c have the same meaning and usage. Both indicate a turning point. A the former "uses" and the latter "because". B The former is "being" and the latter is "being". D The former pronoun stands for "accumulated wages" and the latter adverb stands for "certain".
12. This question examines students' translation ability of classical Chinese sentences. Translating classical Chinese sentences is a necessary question for reading classical Chinese. Literal translation pays attention to the implementation of every word, especially the meaning of key words must be presented. The translation of classical Chinese sentences should first know the meaning of classical Chinese words, and it is also a good method to put the words in context and infer them according to the context. Pay attention to the translation of the following words, such as "fu": cunning. "Deception": Deception. Geometry: How much is it?
13. To answer this question well, we should first read through the whole classical Chinese, understand the full text, clear the writing obstacles, dredge the meaning of the text, pay attention to lyric sentences, fully grasp the content, and then summarize the center of the original text to see what the main points of the original text are to express. Then this view comes out, and then contact your own life practice or social practice to determine an argument and then discuss it. For example, we can answer from the angle of dealing with wolves, as long as we dare to fight and are good at fighting, we will definitely win.
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