Abstract: When a person is about to die, his words are also true. The last words of those historical celebrities, the love and hate, joy and sorrow, generosity and desolation, regret and remorse, make people sigh. When we are deeply shocked by their words and state of mind when facing death, we should have deep thinking and understanding. The object of thinking and understanding is life, life, and all confusion and enlightenment. Xiang Yu (232 BC - 202 BC) was so powerful that he conquered the mountains and conquered the world. When times are unfavorable, good things never fade away. Nothing can be done if the glory is not gone! Yuxi, Yuxi, what can I do! (Xiang Yu's desperate poem "Gaixia Ge") "Gaixia Ge" is a poem sung by Xiang Yu, the overlord of Western Chu, before his defeat. It is a magnificent song that can shock the gods and weep ghosts. It expresses how Xiang Yu was surrounded by the Han army. That feeling of resentment and helplessness. It is filled with unparalleled heroism and deep affection. Han Xin (approximately 231 BC - 196 BC) I regret that I did not use Kuai Tong's plan, but I was deceived by my children. Isn't it heaven? ("Historical Records: Biography of the Marquis of Huaiyin") Han Xin, the founding hero of the Western Han Dynasty and an outstanding military strategist in Chinese history, was listed as one of the three heroes of the early Han Dynasty along with Xiao He and Zhang Liang, and one of the three famous generals of the early Han Dynasty along with Peng Yue and Yingbu. Later, he was killed by Empress Lu. When he was about to be executed, he said: ""I regret not adopting Kuai Tong's plan (to divide the world into three parts and make it the king), so that I was deceived by women and boys. Isn't it God's will? "Han Xin was conquered by three tribes of barbarians. Jing Ke (? - 227 BC) The wind rustled and the water became cold, and the strong man never returned once he was gone! ("Historical Records·Jing Ke Biography") In 227 BC, Jing Ke brought the map of Yandukang and Fan Yuqi headed to Qin to assassinate the King of Qin. Before leaving, Prince Dan of Yan, Gao Jianli and many others saw Jing Ke off at the edge of Yishui. The scene was very solemn and solemn. "Return", this is the verse sung by Jing Ke when he said goodbye. Liu Bei (161-223) If the king is ten times more talented than Cao Pi, he will surely be able to secure the country and make great decisions. If the heir can assist him, he can assist him; if he is not talented, the king can Take it yourself. ("Three Kingdoms: Biography of Zhuge Liang") When Liu Bei was seriously ill, he summoned Zhuge Liang from Chengdu and entrusted him with his posthumous affairs. Liu Bei said to Zhuge Liang, "Sir, your talent is ten times greater than that of Cao Pi, and you will definitely be able to stabilize the country." , and finally completed the great cause of unifying the world. If the heir can assist, I ask you to assist him; if he fails, you can replace him yourself. Zhuge Liang said with tears: "I will do my best to assist you with loyalty until my death!" Liu Bei then issued an edict to teach Empress Liu a lesson: "You and the Prime Minister are working together, and you should treat him like your father!" " Su Shi (1037-1101) was not lacking in the West, but his efforts were insufficient. ("Dongpo Chronicles") On July 28, the first year of Jingguo's reign in the Northern Song Dynasty (1101), when he was dying, his friend Wei Lin The abbot said loudly in his ear: "Duan Ming should not forget the West." "(Scholar Duan Ming should not forget the West) Su Shi murmured in response: "The West is not without, but it cannot be focused on. "(The Western world is not without it, but it can't use force). His friend Qian Jiming also leaned into his ear and said: "Mr. Gu has been practicing this all day long, so he needs to work harder. "(Mr. has been practicing this all his life, and he should exert more force at this time) Su Shi said the last words in his life: ""If you try hard, you will fail." "(It's all wrong to use force) Buddhism talks about non-attachment and letting things happen. Dongpo layman who devoted himself to Buddhism for most of his life expressed his ultimate understanding of Buddhism in the last words of his life. Lu You (1125-1210) died I knew everything was in vain, but I couldn't see the same sorrow as Jiuzhou. On the day when Wang Shibei set the Central Plains, he never forgot to tell Nai Weng about family sacrifices! (Lu You's "Jiannan Poetry Manuscript") In November of the third year of Kaixi (1207), Shi Miyuan launched a campaign. During the coup, Han Kunzhou was killed, and an envoy was sent to the Kingdom of Jin with his head to conclude the "Jiading Peace Agreement". The Northern Expedition was declared a complete failure. When Lu You heard the news, he was extremely sad. Lu You became sick with worry and anger. After winter, his condition became worse and worse, so he Bedridden. On December 29 (January 26, 1210), Lu You passed away at the age of eighty-five. So benevolence. What have you learned from reading the books of sages? From now on, you will have no regrets! ("History of Song Dynasty: Biography of Wen Tianxiang") Wen Tianxiang was particularly calm and unhurried when he went to the execution ground, and said to the prison officials: "My business is over." "He knelt down to the south and was executed at the age of forty-seven. His wife Ouyang cleaned up his body and found the words of praise in his clothes: ""Confucius said that benevolence is achieved, and Mencius said that only by being loyal to the end can benevolence be achieved." Do it. What do you learn when you read the books of sages? From now on, I have a clear conscience! " Wang Yangming (1472-1529) had such a bright mind, what else can he say. ("Yangming Pu") "Yangming Pu" records the situation when Wang Yangming was dying. At that time, he summoned his disciple Zhou Ji to come in. After a long time, he finally Open your eyes and look at him and say: ""I'm leaving! Zhou Ji shed tears and asked, "Do you have anything to say?" Wang Yangming smiled slightly and said: "My heart is so bright, what else can I say?" "A moment later, he died suddenly. Tan Sitong (1865-1898) wanted to kill the thief, but was unable to save himself. He died well, so happy, so happy! On September 22, 1898, Tan Sitong was arrested and imprisoned. In prison, Tan Sitong remained calm and composed poems. Yubi said: ""I looked at the door and stopped thinking about Zhang Jian, and waited for Du Gen for a moment. I am smiling towards the sky with my horizontal sword, leaving my liver and gallbladder intact.
"On the 28th, Tan Siping and other six gentlemen were killed at Caishikou in Beijing. During the execution, he looked up to the sky and shouted, "I have the intention to kill the thief, but I can't save myself." Death is well deserved, happy, happy! "He was only 33 years old when he was killed, and everyone who heard it shed tears with regret. Lu Xun (1881-1936) Let them resent themselves, and I will not forgive any of them. (Lu Xun's essay "Death") On October 19, 1936, Lu Xun He died of illness in Shanghai. The next day, Tianjin's "Ta Kung Pao" published "Lu Xun's Seven Wills". The full text is as follows: At 11:00 pm on the 19th, Shanghai sent a special message to Lu Xun who published the article "Death" in the second issue of "Zhongliu" magazine. : (1) Don’t accept a penny from anyone for the funeral. This is not the case for old friends. (2) Quickly collect the corpse, bury it, and pull it down. (4) Don’t do anything about commemoration. Forget about me and take care of your own life. If not, you are really a fool. (5) If your child grows up and has no talent, he can find some small things to make a living. (6) Others promise. Don’t take the things given to you seriously. (7) Those who harm others but oppose revenge and advocate tolerance should never get close to him. Master Hongyi (1880-1942) The Intersection of Sadness and Joy. "Table") Master Da Kong said: ""What the master calls "compassion" is sorrow for the indulgence in life and death of all living beings, sorrow for the eight sufferings of Saha, sorrow for the catastrophe of the world that is not over, sorrow for the decline of the moral disciplines, and sorrow for the stupidity of sentient beings. Slow and difficult to transform, the compassion of the Buddha is deep and vast. In short, it is called "great compassion" that arises out of compassion for all living beings. What does the Master mean by "Happiness"? He desires ultimate happiness, is happy to be reborn, is happy to see Amitabha and perfects the Buddha's path, is happy to be reborn in the Pure Land and transforms into the ten directions." This statement is very wonderful, and it fully describes the state of mind of Master Hongyi at that time, and this state It cannot be expressed in words. Only people who have experienced it can know it and people who have the same feelings can tell it. Wang Guowei (1877-1927) At fifty years old, all he needs is death. After this incident, there is no more humiliation. (Suicide note of Wang Guowei) On June 2, 1927, Wang Guowei left his office, hired a rickshaw, and headed to the Summer Palace. After smoking a cigarette, he jumped headfirst into the water and sank himself in the Yuzao Pavilion of Kunming Lake in the garden. . Later, people found a suicide note in his underwear pocket, which read: "In fifty years, I only owe one death." After the changes in this world, our righteousness will no longer be insulted..." Chen Yinke said: "The more deeply you are transformed by culture, the more you feel the pain of cultural decline. The gentleman saw his independent and free will in one death, and it is not about the grievances and grievances of one person or the rise and fall of a surname.
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