13 also emphasizes the importance of life and death. 14 The importance of a person is more important than that of a country. 15 Mei takes music as beauty (song). 16 straight means no posture (straight). 17 take the beauty (oblique).
2. An example of flexible classification and translation of the compulsory parts of speech in classical Chinese in senior high school.
Noun usage
Add the verb "wolf hole" before it (make a hole).
Put a preposition before the verb. Donkeys can't get angry, they can only kick them with their hooves.
Another verb replaces leaving an address (building a house)
Noun writing
adverbial modifier
The watch is shaped like … a dog sits in front (like a dog).
I must treat him like my brother.
The direction of the table is …, from … to … Confucius (east).
Arrange time every … and give it twice when … (every year) is old.
Watch tools come to Qin (by car) by … come, by … come.
Appear in ... like a court (in court)
adjective
Act as a verb
The enemy is far away from me.
The supplementary translation method is not bright enough (lighting)
Verb substitution is also personal (preferred)
Adjectives as nouns
Adjective+De+Noun: Take pains to attack distant countries.
Make verb nouns ... What is this? The first man who broke the Qin Dynasty and entered Xianyang was Wang.
The verb makes ... do something to keep me alive (keep ... alive).
Adjectives make ... how to make ... words that burn a hundred schools of thought begins with stupidity (making ... stupid).
Belief noun conation ... is like ... a stranger in this city, treating his father slightly as a guest (treating ... as a guest).
Adjectives suggest how to make … small and inferior (think … bad)
3. Chinese compulsory one to five classical Chinese finishing People's Education Edition high school Chinese (compulsory one to compulsory five) classical Chinese knowledge points summary 1. Polysemous "Zhi" ① Public obedience (suggestion of replacing the lost fox) ② Xu Zhi (personal pronoun, Zheng Wengong) ③ How to take (pronoun) ④ Please crack down on child offenders (Qin State). Independent sentences) ⑤ Neighbors are thick, gentlemen are thin (used between subjects and predicates, independent sentences) ⑤ Luggage is exhausted (used between subjects and predicates, independent sentences) ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ 9316
Senior high school Chinese (compulsory 1- compulsory 5) summary of classical Chinese knowledge points 1. The word "Zhi" is ambiguous. ① Public obedience (suggestion of replacing the lost fox). ② Xu Zhi (personal pronoun, Zheng Wengong). ③ How to take it (land increase, pronoun). ④ Child offenders should be punished (Qin State, pronoun). ⑤ Minister's power. Your thinness (used between subject and predicate to eliminate sentence independence) ⑦ luggage exchange, * * its exhaustion (used between subject and predicate to eliminate sentence independence) ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦1take, using "Yan" ① has disadvantages (modal particles) ② How to use dead Zheng to accompany neighbors (interrogative adverbs, why) ③ How to create a face (also). There is nothing I can do (through the word "Yi"). 2. The luggage is exhausted (through "replenishment" and "replenishment"). 3. Qin Bo said (same as Yue). 4. I don't know (with "wisdom" and wisdom). 3. Part of speech is flexible.
It is used as a verb here, making ... a boundary) ③ If we don't lose the Qin Dynasty (using the verb make ... chop) ④ If we lose it because of human strength, we will be heartless (using adjectives as verbs to damage it) ⑤ If we lose our political integrity, we will benefit the monarch (using verbs to destroy) ⑤ The power of the candle. The present meaning is the honorific title of "wife") ② Luggage (the ancient meaning is "the person who sent the envoy" and the present meaning is "the package he took when he went out") V. Special sentence pattern (1) adverbial post (prepositional structure post) A. Rude to Jin B. Beneficial to Jun. Terrible to Zheng Bo (2 ... "(omit the subject. Universal word 1. The king of Qin must say that he saw the minister and talked with him. 2. I'm exhausted every day, and it's over.
If you go today but don't object, you will go back. 4. The prince really inspires the power of the king. 5. Jing Ke sent a letter from Fan, said "hold" and held it up.
6. The picture is poor to see the dagger, and "now" appears. 7. The king of Qin returned to the column, walked back, crossed the "circle" and circled.
8. The pawn is unexpected, the soldier is difficult to strike, and it is "sudden", urgent and sudden. Second, ancient and modern different meanings 1. When General Fan returned to Tanguyi, he was already down and out.
Modern significance: living in poverty and economic difficulties. 2. Look up at the sky and sigh, the ancient meaning: tears.
Meaning: snot. Dan can't bear to be selfish and hurt his elders.
Today's meaning: the elderly. Today, there is an old saying that can relieve the pain of face: you can use it.
Meaning: indicates possibility, ability and permission. 5. The ancient meaning of holding a thousand-yuan coin: the present meaning of a gift: a coin.
6. The King of Qin also followed the ancient meaning: running today means walking. 7. The ancient meaning of Langzhong's soldiers: Gong Wei's present meaning: refers to Chinese medicine.
8. Left and right are in the front, which is the ancient meaning of Jing Ke: left and right attendants. Meaning: indicating direction or approximation.
Third, the phenomenon of flexible use of parts of speech: nouns as adverbials 1. Slightly into the north. The minister gnashed his teeth day and night. This letter is sealed. 4. The noun above is used as the verb 1. Fan is preface and preface, Jing Ke Gu, preface Xie Yue, left and right to cut Jing Ke. They all put on white clothes to send it. 3. Set 1 for nine guests. Let the minister know the king. 2. Finish the finish line before the finish line. 3. Start from scratch and never use sleeves. 1. The prince is late. 4. The princes' strange sentences: 1. The minister gnashed his teeth day and night. 2. It is the ellipsis 1. King Qin bought 1000 pounds of gold. He wants to be with. He met Yan emissary in Xianyang Palace. And (ministers) are eager to attack the passive sentence 1. Parents and clans, 2. Yan Jianling's shame often hurts the bone marrow (prepositional phrase). 2. Wei Jiaxian speaks to the king of Qin (prepositional phrase). The prince was sent to court (prepositional phrase). The ambassador is placed before (prepositional phrase). Both the prince and the guests know. Don't hold a ruler. Five, the keyword 1, from the picture. If you can't send it, the prince will get up late and send it to the top. 2. Gu didn't know what he was talking about, but Jing Ke Gu Xiao Wuyang turned around and came back. For his parents' clan, all of them were killed, but they were not dealt with. The treatment is to prepare for sending Jing Ke, and let Qin Wuyang be the deputy to live in the distant future.
4. All nouns in junior middle school ancient Chinese are used as verbs 1 to whip dozens and drive them away.
(Tong Qu) (noun is used flexibly as a verb): hit with a whip. Always study, don't you? The Analects of Confucius (time noun as adverbial): on time.
3 review the past and learn new things, and you can be a teacher. (ditto) (adjective as noun): A refers to old knowledge and what you have learned.
B means new knowledge and new things to learn. There are five rooms on the fourth floor, and the windows are all wide open.
(Nouns as adverbials): Like a hole. In the seventh grade (below), the five dads are different, so they are close to each other.
(Jean Zhong Yong) (adjective as verb): I'm surprised. People in the city are very strange, they are all a few guests.
(ditto) (adjective as verb): thinking ... is extraordinary. 7 the father benefits himself.
Take advantage of ... 8 To write a poem, you can't call it the taste of the past.
(ditto) (verb as noun): reputation. 9. Policy 12 turn, before reward 100.
(Mulan Poetry) (nouns are used flexibly as verbs): Registration. 10 will be a guest feast.
(ventriloquism) (noun as verb): hold a banquet. 1 1 cannot be named in one place.
(ditto) (noun as verb): Say it. 12 One of the dogs is sitting in the front.
(Wolf) (noun adverbial): Like a dog. 13 is the wolf's den.
(ditto) (noun as verb): make a hole. 14 means to dig a tunnel to attack the rear.
(ditto) (noun used flexibly as adverbial): From the tunnel. Grade 8 (1) 15 The fisherman is very different, so he keeps on moving.
(Peach Blossom Garden) (Adjectives are used flexibly as verbs): Take it strange ... as XOR. 16 The mountain is not high, but there are immortals.
(Humble Room Inscription) (nouns are used flexibly as verbs): famous, famous. 17 the water is not deep, and the dragon is the spirit.
(ditto) (adjective as verb): express the supernatural. 18 division is humble, but I am virtuous.
The owner of the living room here is virtuous and noble, which can be translated as fragrant. 19 has no confused ears.
(ditto) (verb used as causative verb): excuse me. There is no hard work.
(ditto) (verb used as causative verb): Make ... feel tired. In 2 1, the spacious hut is covered with a roof.
(The Story of the Nuclear Ship): Use a canopy. Shi Qing's wife.
(ditto) (noun as adverbial): use azurite. 23 Shiqing Capsule.
(ditto) (noun as verb): The original meaning is cooked rice, which is used before the pronoun "zhi" and used as a verb, that is, smearing. Lie on your right knee.
(ditto) (causative usage): Make ... lie flat. Support the boat with your right arm.
(ditto) (causative usage): Make ... bend over. 26, erect his left knee.
(ditto) (adjective used to make): make upright. 27. The person on the right has his spine on his back.
(ditto) (noun used as verb): wearing a pyramid-shaped bun. Old friends are more than relatives.
(Journey to the Avenue) (the first conative use of "pro"): Take ... as a professional player. An old friend is not only a relative, but also an only son.
(ditto) (the first "son" is used by conation): Take ... as a son. Therefore, the outside door was not closed.
(ditto) (noun adverbial): From the outside. 3 1 although riding against the wind, he is not sick.
(Three Gorges) (verb as noun): Good horse. In spring and winter, there is a green swimming pool.
(ditto) (adjectives used as nouns): rapids. 33 is a pool of green with clear reflection.
(ditto) (adjective as noun): clear wave. Frost at the beginning of every sunny day.
(ditto) (noun used as verb): frost. Everything in the diet is twice as long as usual.
Watch the tide (adjective as verb): Above. There are hundreds of people who are good at Wu Er, all of whom have tattoos.
(ditto) (noun as verb): Draw literary colors. The tide in Zhejiang is a big world view.
(ditto) (verb as noun): sight. Riding flags, javelins and knives on the water.
(ditto) (verb as noun): horse. Riding flags, javelins and knives on the water.
(ditto) (noun as verb): set up, lift up. Ask him his last name. He is from Jinling and a guest here.
("Looking at the Lake Pavilion and Snow") (noun as verb): Guest residence. 4 1 and Yu Zhou are mustard.
(ditto) (noun adverbial): as small as a grass. Grade 8 (2) 42 floated from the stream, anything will do.
A letter to Zhu (noun as adverbial); East or west. The torrent is like an arrow, if fierce wave rushes.
(ditto) (verb as noun): refers to running a horse. 44 negative potential competition, each other's opponents.
(ditto) (adjective as verb): A stands for (trying to go) high; It means to go far away. Mr. 45 doesn't know who he is or what his last name is.
(Biography by Mr. Wu Liu) (adjectives as verbs); Know (in detail). I won't know until I'm old, so I'll buy wine.
(ditto) (adjective as noun): relatives and friends. 47. Take pleasure in writing poems.
(ditto) (adjectives are used as verbs): Make ... happy. Humiliated by slaves
(Ma Shuo) (Adjective used as a verb): Humiliation. Eat or use up a stone.
(ditto) (adjective as verb): finish eating. Policy is not based on its own way.
(ditto) (noun used as verb): to spur (with a whip), drive away. Horse eaters don't know that they can eat thousands of miles.
(ditto) (Numerals as verbs): Take Wan Li Road. 5 1 the food can't be enjoyed.
(ditto) (causative usage of adjectives): make full use of. Wear a hat decorated with Zhu Yingbao and a white jade ring around her waist.
(Preface to seeing Ma Sheng off to Yang) (noun as verb): Hanging around the waist (hanging around the waist) between more than 53 robes. (ditto) (noun verb): wearing an old cotton-padded jacket and rags.
Every time I borrow it from the library, I write it myself. (ditto) (noun used as verb): begin.
There are still 55 lots to go before the record, counting the date of return. (ditto) (noun adverbial): use a pen.
56. Go west from the mountain 120 steps. The story of Xiaoshitang (noun as adverbial): Going west.
When you ring, your heart will be happy. (ditto) (verb conation): Take pleasure in.
The sun is shining and the shadow is on the stone. (ditto) (noun as adverbial): downward.
59. If you bend a snake, you can see the flicker. (ditto) (noun adverbial): Like the Big Dipper.
Their shore potentials are different from each other and their sources are unknown. (same as above).
5. One-year-old Chinese compulsory course 1, 2 "Flexible use of parts of speech" and "Classical Chinese sentence pattern" and "Ci Qin with a candle". 1. Universal word 1. Now that I am old, I can't do anything. 2. Baggage exchange, * * It's tiring (wise through "supply") 2. Different meanings in ancient and modern times 1. Madam (the ancient meaning is "that person", but the present meaning is the honorific title of "wife") 2. Luggage (the ancient meaning is "the person who sent the task", but the modern meaning is "the package he took when he went out") 3. Flexible use of parts of speech 1. The Han Mausoleum of Jin Army and Qin Jun Branch. East, in the east. Besides, it is in Chu. 4. Yue Yuan regards … as a border town; Far away, named after the shape) 5. The power of the candle to retreat from the Qin division (make it move, make it retreat) 6. * * * I'm exhausted (what's missing). It is allied with Zheng (Alliance Order (Construction)) 8. Because of human strength (adjective as verb, damage) 4, it is embarrassing and heartless. Looking at the ocean (Poseidon's name), you are indifferent to yourself (compared with it), saying: Qin Bo said that he and Zheng (through Yue) made an alliance, so that he could observe the folk customs (ZaLun, a style) and stay in the county, so that he said (saying):
Stop for a few days, resign and leave, (farewell) contempt: the country is far away, and you know its difficulties. In remote places ("contempt"), carnivores are despised, so I am polite (shallow) without making long-term plans. My husband still despises me. My wife doesn't have this ability (if not). Mr. Xu Zhi (promised, obeyed) I don't know anyone who (apparently) promised (agreed) that the number of fish in the pond could be one hundred (approximately) 5. The function words in classical Chinese 1, so that ① it is rude to Jin (because of conjunctions), ② it dares to bother deacons (taking, using and prepositioning), and ③ it goes beyond the country (on the surface). ⑤ If she thinks she is the master (ba, preposition) 2, but she is eager to have a child (talent, conjunction, conjunction) 2, she will come out at night (modification, conjunction) 3, if she dies, she will benefit the monarch (inheritance, conjunction) 4, and she will set up a version at night.
(indicating a turning point, conjunction) 3. There are disadvantages for children. (Modal words, sentences) ② How to use Zheng Wu to accompany neighbors? (Question adverb, why) ③ If there is no shortage of Qin, what can you do (Question adverb, what can you do) ④ If you are a husband, you will get what you want (part-time word, where is it) ⑤ If you are a person forever, you will struggle to get what you want (part-time word, here) 4. A minister is not as strong as a person (auxiliary, sentence independence is abolished between subject and predicate), and luggage is difficult. It's my fault that the preposition object is strong because of people (auxiliary word, true) (referring to Qin Jun). It's not good for gold, but how to get it (not land). 5. It's not good for Jin (referring to Jin), and you know it's difficult (this) to seal the west (referring to Jin), and secondly, it's in Chu (conjunction, table juxtaposition, and again) and your taste is given by Jin Jun (conjunction, progressive, except). Sixth, the special sentence pattern 1. A. Being rude to Kim B. It's good for you to die in Zheng. C. The lost fox said to Zheng Bo 2. (ellipsis) Jin ... "3. Fu Jin, why do you hate ("zhi "is the symbol of prepositional object)" Jing Ke stabbed Qin Wang ". 1. Universal word 1. The king of Qin always speaks to his ministers and takes pleasure in "Yue".
2. I'm exhausted every day, and it's over. If you go today but don't object, you will go back.
4. The prince really inspires the power of the king. 5. Jing Ke sent a letter from Fan, said "hold" and held it up. 6. The picture is poor to see the dagger, and "now" appears.
7. The king of Qin returned to the column, walked back, crossed the "circle" and circled. 8. The pawn is unexpected, the soldier is difficult to strike, and it is "sudden", urgent and sudden.
Second, ancient and modern different meanings 1. When General Fan returned to Tanguyi, he was already down and out. Modern significance: living in poverty and economic difficulties.
2. Look up at the sky and sigh, the ancient meaning: tears. Meaning: snot.
Dan can't bear to be selfish and hurt his elders. Today's meaning: the elderly.
Today, there is an old saying that can relieve the pain of face: you can use it. Meaning: indicates possibility, ability and permission.
5. The ancient meaning of holding a thousand-yuan coin: the present meaning of a gift: a coin. 6. The King of Qin also followed the ancient meaning: running today means walking.
7. The ancient meaning of Langzhong's soldiers: Gong Wei's present meaning: refers to Chinese medicine. 8. Left and right are in the front, which is the ancient meaning of Jing Ke: left and right attendants.
Meaning: indicating direction or approximation. Third, the phenomenon of flexible use of parts of speech: nouns as adverbials 1. Slightly into the north. The minister gnashed his teeth day and night. This letter is sealed. 4. The noun above is used as the verb 1. Fan is preface and preface, Jing Ke Gu, preface Xie Yue, left and right to cut Jing Ke. They all put on white clothes to send it. 3. The purpose of the sleeve is 1. The prince is late. 2. The princes are very strange. 4. Classical Chinese sentence pattern: the judgment sentence is 1. The minister gnashed his teeth day and night. 2. Those who go today but don't object are also vertical. 3. Those who fail in doing things are ellipsis 1. King Qin bought 1000 pounds of gold. He wants to be with. He met Yan emissary in Xianyang Palace. And (ministers) are eager to attack the passive sentence 1. Parents and clans, 2. The shame of Yan Jianling often hurts the bone marrow. 2. Tribute is like a county. The prince sent the court as an attribute. Both the prince and the guests know about it. 2. Those who serve in the temple are not allowed to stab the king of Qin with a ruler. 2. Summary of key real function words 1.
6. Who can help to sort out the bronze inscriptions in Qi Huan? 1. If it's not enough, it's Wang Hu: To get through "already", stop. 2. However, it is useless to turn on the clock (there are many places in this article): turn on "Yi" and express doubts. 3. Wang said: Be happy with "Yue". 4. Fold for the elderly. Go back, go back, go home. Travel depends on the king's painting: painting the road, road 9. His monarch wants to go to court: complain, sue, sue 10, all for himself: past, modal particle, indicating sigh 1 1, catching the trap with a net 12, the white prize winner can't bear to wear it on the road: the spot prize, gray hair, often two times than the old man. Go to China to caress Siyi and China: refer to the 6th district of the Central Plains, and then be punished; then use 1 flexibly in three parts of speech; if there are no words, then be king (there are many places in this article): use nouns as verbs, be king and succeed. 2. Protect the people and the king: love and comfort 3. There is no difference in the love between the king and the people. 4. Be a gentleman and stay away from the kitchen. Adjectives are verbs, stay away from 5. Clear enough to see the end of autumn. Adjective is a noun, eyesight 6. Old. I am getting old. 2. I am old. 1. adjective. Lao 2: adjectives as nouns, Lao 7, Xiao 1, my Xiao 2, and Xiao 2, Xiao 1: adjectives as verbs, love; Young (2): Adjective as noun, baby, child (8) Penalty for widowhood: (general "type") Noun as verb, lead by example (9) Fat and sweet is not enough for mouth and mouth: Adjective as noun, plump food 10, light and warm enough for body: Adjective as noun, light and warm clothes1. Big: countries with big adjectives as nouns 14, and a few can't be outnumbered: sparsely populated countries with adjectives as nouns; Masses: adjectives as nouns, a country with a large population 15, weak and solid, invincible, strong and weak: adjectives as nouns, a weak country; Qiang: adjective as noun, powerful country 16, take one suit and eight suits: make move, make ... surrender 17, and then accept the corresponding punishment: noun as verb, punish 18, ignore people: (through the "net") noun as verb, open a net to catch and frame 650. The word "four characters" is ambiguous (1). People who are ignorant of the right way (talk about it) will be sincere and willing to learn from the road for a long time (fashion) because they are afraid that the road will be dark and the road will be blocked, and they will have sincere trust. They are similar to people in those days, and their roads are similar (reasonable). (2) Qi Huan Jinwen can listen to (good). I can't bear the death, don't give up (stop) the Tang people's floating pictures, praise their address (building houses) (4) sincerity, people (indeed) sincerity, (truly) emperor's sincere feeling, praise the family's second son's two good (real) Chu Cheng, which can be absolutely neat, and Qin is willing to offer business to the ground.