Magpie Bridge Immortal
Qin Guan
The thin clouds make tricks, the flying stars spread hatred, and the silver and Han are far away in darkness. As soon as the golden wind and jade dew meet, they will defeat countless people in the world.
Tenderness is like water, good times are like dreams, and I can’t bear to look at the magpie bridge on my way back. If the love between two people lasts for a long time, how can they be together day and night?
Qin Guan (1049-1100), whose courtesy name was Taixu and Shaoyou, was also named Huaihai Jushi. Gaoyou people. Writer of the Northern Song Dynasty. Emperor Shenzong of the Song Dynasty became a Jinshi in the eighth year of Yuanfeng (1085). He once served as a doctor of Taixue (that is, an instructor at a national university), secretary of the provincial government, and editor of the Academy of National History. Politically, he leaned towards the old party. During Zhezong's time, the "new party" was in power. He was demoted to supervise the state liquor tax, worked in Chenzhou, and was in charge of Hengzhou. He moved to Leizhou and died in Tengzhou. Together with Huang Tingjian, Chao Buzhi and Zhang Lei, he was known as the "Four Scholars of the Su School" and was highly appreciated by Su Shi. Qin Guan was bold and free-spirited by nature, and his words overflowed with emotion. At the age of 20, he wrote "Ode to Fushanyan". At the age of 24, he wrote "Ride Alone to See a Capture", which is highly regarded by the world. His prose is good at discussion, and "History of the Song Dynasty" rated him as "elegant and thoughtful". His poems are good at lyricism. Ao Taosun's "Poetry Commentary" said: "Qin Shao's travels are like a girl's spring outing, but she ends up being graceful and weak." He is a famous graceful poet in the late Northern Song Dynasty. Most of his poems describe the love between men and women and express the sadness of frustrated career. , the writing is skillful and precise, the melody is harmonious, and the emotion and charm are both winning. Representative works include "Magpie Bridge Immortal" (Xianyun Nongqiao), "Looking at the Sea Tide" (Mei Ying Shudan), "Man Ting Fang" (Mountain Wiping Clouds), etc. In "Magpie Bridge Immortal", "If two people's love lasts for a long time, how can they live day and night!" is known as a famous line that "turns smelly rot into magic" (see "Selected Poems of Polygonum Garden"). In "Man Ting Fang", "Outside the setting sun, the jackdaws are counting, and the running water surrounds the isolated village" is called "naturally good words" ("Neng Gai Zhai Man Lu" quoted Chao Bu's words). Zhang Yan's "Etymology" said: "The structure of Qin Shaoyou's poems is elegant, the spirit is not weak, the beauty is continuous, the meaning is continuous, the chewing is dry, and the taste is known over time." For details of his life, see Volume 444 of "History of the Song Dynasty". He is the author of 40 volumes of "Huaihai Collection", "Huaihai Ci" (also known as "Huaihai layman's long and short sentences"), "Encouragement to Good Records", and "Nilvji". He also compiled "Yangzhou Poems" and "Gaoyou Poems". His "Book of Silkworms" is the earliest extant monograph on sericulture in my country. He is also good at calligraphy. He learned from Zhong and Wang in regular script. His appearance is charming and cute. His cursive script has the flavor of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. He studied Zhen and Xing in Yan Zhenqing. In the fourth year of Jianyan (1130), the Southern Song Dynasty court posthumously awarded Qin Guan the title of "Bachelor of Zhilong Tuge". Gaoyou Cultural Tour Platform, Qin Guan Reading Platform, stone carvings of "Qin Postal Postal", Yangzhou Yunshan Pictures, and "Huaidong No. 1 View" stone carvings have been preserved to this day.
Qin Guan’s marriage
Qin Guan’s first wife is named Xu Wenmei, not the legendary Su Xiaomei. This is what he himself explained in an article he wrote for his father-in-law. His father-in-law was a wealthy businessman named Xu in Gaoyou. Because he had some money, he donated his official position as a bookkeeper and gave birth to three daughters, named Xu Wenmei, Xu Wenying, and Xu Wenrou. Qin Guan said at the end of the article "Xu Jun's Book of Travels": "Xu Jun and his three daughters sighed and said: The son should study, and the daughter must marry a scholar. I have a beautiful wife with literature, just like his ambition."
< p> Regarding his wife, we only mentioned her name, and there was no mention in Qin Guan's poems. Xu Wenmei was probably not the woman Qin Guan loved. According to some statistics, about a quarter of the more than 400 poems handed down by Qin Guanliu are "love poems", and most of the protagonists are brothel singers. Qian Zhongshu said in the preface of "Selected Poems of the Song Dynasty" that Qin Guan's poems are "blatantly smuggled love". "Ruxi Yuyincong Hua" quotes "Yiyuan Orpiment" to talk about a romantic incident of Qin Guan. When Qin Guan was in Shaoxing, he was received by the local highest official, the prefect, and stayed at Penglai Pavilion, a high-end hotel. One day, I fell in love with a singing girl at the banquet, so I wrote a poem "Man Ting Fang". The first sentence is "The mountain is covered with faint clouds", and later it is "Ecstasy. At this moment, the sachet is secretly untied, and the Luo belt is lightly divided." Won Qin Lou's lucky name". This word is widely circulated. Su Shi once jokingly called Qin Guan "the scholar of Qin who wipes the mountains and wipes the clouds."Jiang Yikui of the Ming Dynasty revealed Qin Guan's other two erotic affairs in "Yao Shan Tang Wai Ji". "Qin Shaoyou was in Caizhou and was very close to the prostitute Lou Wan named Dongyu." He wrote a poem "Water Dragon Song" specifically for his lover, and also took pains to write Lou Dongyu's name into it, "The small building connects the garden with the sky." ”, “Jade Pei Ding Dong Farewell Queen” are mysteries. And "The heavy gate under the flowers, the deep alley beside the willows, I can't bear to look back. I thought about it passionately, but the bright moon at that time still shined on people" refers to the scene of their tryst. Qin Guan also had a lover named Tao Xin'er. He once gave this famous prostitute a song "Nan Ge Zi". The last sentence of "A crescent moon in the sky brings three stars" is Tao Xin'er's "heart". "A riddle of the characters.
Isn't it a bit "wasteful" to use all your talents on prostitutes? So Huang Tingjian couldn't stand it, and wrote a poem to advise him. There was a sentence in it, "Talent is hard to come by, ambition is broad, but careful." Qin was very unhappy when he saw it.
Traditional poetry appreciation, when analyzing Qin Guan, always characterizes it as writing about "the love story of a geisha while incorporating his own sense of life experience", but this is not suitable for interpreting all of Qin Guan's love poems. . Take his classic saying "If love lasts for a long time, how can it last day and night" as an example, it does not involve any sense of frustrated career. On the contrary, if we look at his dissolute emotional experience, we can boldly assume that this is just an excuse for Qin Shaoyou to comfort an infatuated woman, or a beautiful excuse to get rid of an old relationship.
Evaluations of Qin Guan by literati of the past dynasties
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Su Shi of the Song Dynasty commented on Qin Guan and Liu Yong’s couplet: "The mountains are wiped by the faint clouds of Qin Bachelor; Dew flowers reflect Liu Tuntian."
Song Dynasty Su Shi Dongpo loved the last two sentences ("The Chenjiang River fortunately circles Chenshan Mountain, for whom does it flow down to Xiaoxiang!"), saying: "You have to travel less." It's over, even if there are ten thousand people, how can it be redeemed?"
Su Shi of the Song Dynasty: "He has the talents of Qu and Song Dynasty"
Wang Anshi of the Song Dynasty: "His poems are fresh and charming, just like Bao and Xie. "
Li Qingzhao of the Song Dynasty's "Ci Lun": "Specializes in emotion, but rarely in reality, such as a beautiful woman from a poor family, although she is very beautiful and elegant, she lacks wealth and nobility."
"Three Hundred Song Ci": "Euphemistic and implicit, elegant and light."
Chen Tingzhuo's "Bai Yu Zhai Ci Hua": "Most of the poems in Shaoyou's "Man Ting Fang" were written later." "Qin Shaoyou was the master of his own hands, and he pioneered the success in the near future. The distant ancestor Wen Wen , Wei, take the spirit but not the appearance, and the words will change without losing their integrity, so the commentators will not be affected by the change, but they will feel that they have to change. "" Shaoyou Ci. It conveys the sentiments of one's life and leisure. "The words written by others come from their talent; they come from the heart of others when they travel a lot."
Zhang Yan's "Etymology": "The structure is elegant, the spirit is not weak, the beauty is continuous, the pulse is clear, the taste is clear after a long time."
Sun Jing's "Preface to the Poems of the Old Man of Zhupo": "Su Dongpo's words are better than his feelings, Liu Qiqing's feelings are better than his words, and the only one who is better at both words and feelings is Qin Shaoyou."
Zhang Lei: "Most of the articles in the world were written by poor people, so those who became writers in the future were happy to write words for the poor. Qinzi had no worries but wrote words for those who were worried, which is almost the result of this!"
Jin Yuan Haowen's "On Poetry Quatrains" commented on Qin Guan's poems: "The sentimental peonies contain spring tears, and the powerless roses lie on the late branches. Picking up the poem about the retreating mountain, you will know that the canal is a girl's poem."
Li Tiaoyuan's "Yucun Ci Hua": "The first poem is pearl-shaped, and it is the crown of the poets of the Song Dynasty."
Liu Xizai of the Qing Dynasty's "Yi Gui": "Shaoyou's poems are based on the study of small banquets, but Youqu is beyond that." (Xiao Yan refers to Yan Jidao)
Zhou Ji of the Qing Dynasty's "Jie Cun Needs" "On Ci Miscellaneous Works" once quoted the comments of predecessors on Qin Ci, saying: "The young travels are to be approachable, so those who work hard will not be able to come."
Zhou Ji's "Selected Poems of the Four Scholars of the Song Dynasty": "The person who was born will be "Shaoyou is the most gentle and mellow, slightly less spicy. Shaoyou means to be subtle, like the first child of a flower, so it is less heavy-handed."
Lou Jingsi: "The style of Huaihai Ci is high, like red plum blossoms as flowers, which can be won by rhyme, but there is no such smell in the Qing Dynasty."
Feng Xu, a critic of Ci in the Qing Dynasty: "It is bland. The words are all meaningful, and the simple words are all meaningful." "Sikuquanshu General Catalog": "But the words are both emotional and charming, superior to Su Huang."
Qing Dynasty. Commenting on Qin Guan and Zhou Bangyan, Wang Guowei said: "Although Shaoyou wrote erotic words, he eventually had character and perfect skills, which is the difference between a lady and a provocateur."
Qing Dynasty Wang Guowei's "Renjian Cihua" 》: "The mood of Shaoyou's poems is the most poignant. When it comes to 'The lonely house is closed in the cold spring, and the sun sets in the dusk amid the sound of cuckoos', it becomes sad and poignant."
Representative Ci Works
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Treading on the sand and walking in the fog, you lose the tower, and the moon is lost in the river. The peach garden is nowhere to be found. It is worth mentioning that the solitary pavilion is closed in the cold spring, and the setting sun is setting in the sound of cuckoos. The plum blossoms are sent to the post, and the ruler is sent to the fish. There are countless ways to build up this hatred. The Chenjiang River fortunately circles Chenshan Mountain, but why does it flow down to Xiaoxiang?
Magpie Bridge Immortal The clouds make tricks, the flying stars spread hatred, and the silver man is far away in darkness. As soon as the golden wind and jade dew meet, they will defeat countless people in the world. Tenderness is like water, good times are like dreams, and I can't help but look at the magpie bridge on the way home. If the love lasts for a long time, how can it last day and night?
Reduced word Mulanhua, old hatred from the end of the world. Alone and desolate, no one asks. Want to see the ileum. Cut off the small seal incense in the golden furnace. The moth grows long. Let the spring breeze blow. Trapped in a dangerous building. I feel sad every time I have passed the Feihong.
Huanxi Desert Desert Qinghan went up to the small building. Xiaoyin is as rogue as Qiongqiu. Light smoke and flowing water paint a quiet screen. The flying flowers are as light as dreams, and the boundless rain is as thin as sorrow. Small silver hooks hang on the treasure curtain.
Looking at the sea tide, the stars are divided into bullfights, the territory is connected to the Huaihai Sea, and the ten thousand wells in Yangzhou are sealed. The flowers are fragrant on the road, the orioles are singing, and the bead curtain is ten miles away from the east wind. The hero is as handsome as a rainbow. The trailing light shines in spring gold and purple, and flying covers follow each other. The lane enters the weeping poplar tree, and the north and south of the painted bridge are surrounded by green smoke. Remembering the prosperity of our motherland. There is a hanging bucket in the mysterious building.
The moon looks across the sky. The brocade pattern makes the sail, the pearl splashes in the rain, I would rather talk about the noble horse, fish and dragon. The past is forgotten. But the chaotic clouds and flowing water lingered away from the palace. It’s better to write thousands of words and spend a thousand minutes in one drink.
Looking at the sea tide, Qinfeng is green, Yexi is flowing, and thousands of rocks and ravines compete with each other. Mandarin tiles and pheasant city, Qiaomen painted halberds, Penglai Yan Pavilion three rest. The knowledge of the sky returns to the boat. The misty moon spreads over the five lakes, and we travel together in the West. The lush grass terrace is deserted, and the cold in Zhuluo Village brings melancholy. Who looks at the ancient times and gazes at them. Sadly, beauty is easy to lose, but green quilt is hard to keep.
The old books in Meishi and the ancient ink in Orchid Pavilion have a vague charm of autumn. Kuangke learns about the head of the lake. Taiwan Marsh has existed for hundreds of years and has remained barren all day long. It is better to exchange the golden turtle for wine and get drunk with Cangzhou.
Looking at the sea tide, the plum blossoms are sparse, the ice is melting, and the east wind is changing the years. Traveling in the golden valley, walking in the alleys of bronze camels, walking on the flat sand in the new clear sky. Chang Yi mistakenly followed the car. Butterflies are dancing in the catkins, full of sweet thoughts. The peach branches are under the willows, and the beauty of spring comes to others at random. Drinking and singing bamboo tea at night in the West Garden. There are bright lanterns that block the moon, and flying lids that block the flowers. Lanyuan is not empty yet, the pedestrians are getting older, and it will be a shame to start again. The flag is tilted by the smoke and wine. But leaning against the tower, I could see crows roosting as far as the eye could see. I have no choice but to return to my heart and secretly follow the flowing water to the end of the world.
The water dragon chants. The small building stretches far across the sky, and you can see the embroidered hub and carved saddle steps below.
The red curtain is half-rolled, and the unlined garments are first tried on, during the Qingming Festival. When the warmth breaks and the breeze blows, it clears up and drizzles, leaving nothing to be desired. After the sound of selling flowers has passed, the courtyard under the setting sun is filled with red arrays and flying mandarin ducks. Jade pendant Ding Dong said goodbye.
The good times are difficult to come by. Famous and powerful, God still knows, and Hetian is also thin. The heavy door under the flowers, the deep alley beside the willow, cannot bear to look back. Thoughts were sentimental, but there was still a bright moon at that time, still beautiful to others.
The Eight-Sixth Son relies on Wei Pavilion. Hate is like a fragrant grass, the luxuriant leaves are still alive after being scratched. After thinking about the farewell to the green man outside the willow tree, I felt sad and secretly surprised when I parted with the red mantle by the water. Wu Duan Tian and Ping Ting. There is a dream behind the curtain of the moon at night, and the tenderness of the spring breeze is ten miles away.
Unfortunately, the joy and joy gradually flowed with the flowing water, the sound of the plain strings broke, the fragrance of the green silk diminished, it was so late that the flowers were flying, and the mist was still raining. Positive sales and condensation. The oriole crows a few more times.
The courtyard is full of fragrance (one of three)
The mountains are covered with faint clouds, the sky is covered with decaying grass, and the sound of drawing horns cuts off the Qiaomen. Pause the expedition and chat about sex to lead Li Zun. How many old events in Penglai can only be looked back in vain, filled with mist. Outside the setting sun, jackdaws are swarming, and water flows around the isolated village.
Ecstasy. At this moment, the sachet is secretly dissolved and the belt is lightly separated. The reputation of the brothel survives. When will I see you here? There will be traces of crying on my lapels and sleeves. From the injured place, Gaocheng can be seen, and the lights are already dusk.
The garden is full of fragrance (two of three)
The red polygonum flowers are in full bloom, the yellow reed leaves are in disorder, and the jade dew is beginning to disappear late at night. The sky is vast, the clouds are light and the river is clear. A solitary small boat, leisurely passing through the smoke and sand. The gold hook is thin, the silk fiber is rolled slowly, and it affects a pool of stars.
From time to time, the horizontal piccolo is played, the breeze is bright and the moon is bright, and the phase is lost. Let people laugh at their lives, and they will be confused. After drinking, you might as well lie down drunk, working hard in the world, who has ears to listen? The wind in the river is quiet, the sun has not risen yet, and I am slightly awake from the wine on my pillow.
The courtyard is full of fragrance (three of three)
The clear water is startling in autumn, the yellow clouds are forming at dusk, and the fallen leaves are scattered on the empty steps. The people in the bridal chamber are quiet, and the slanting moon shines lingeringly. The Double Ninth Festival is approaching again, and there are sounds of anvils and pestles in several places. Under the west window, the wind shook the green bamboos, and it was suspected that an old friend was coming.
Sad. Increased despair, new love is easy to lose, past events are difficult to guess. Ask the yellow chrysanthemum on the fence, and you will know for whom it is blooming. It is said that when you are worried, you need to drink wine. Before you wake up from the wine, the sorrow will come back first. After a long time, the golden waves gradually turned, with white dew and green moss.
The courtyard is full of flowers
The clouds are blooming at dawn, spring is as everyone wants, and the showers are over and the weather is clear again. The beautiful pavilions in ancient Taiwan are filled with flying swallows and red maidens. The elm money fell from the dance trap, and the bridge outside the swing was flat on the green water. In the east wind, the red gate reflects the willows, and the little Qin Zheng presses low.
Sentimental. The entertainment place is covered with pearls, green cover, and jade bridle with red cherry blossoms. Gradually the wine becomes empty and the golden canopy becomes empty, and the flowers become trapped in the air. The old hatred on the cardamom tip, the dream of ten years, can only be frightened. It has been a long time, the smoke is sparse and the sun is light, and I am lonely in Wucheng.
Jiangchengzi
The willows in Xicheng make spring soft. Move away from worries. The tears are hard to hold back. I still remember how sentimental I was when I returned to the boat. What happened that day at Biye Zhuqiao was that no one was seen and the water flowed empty.
Time is not reserved for young people. Hate Yoyo. When will you rest? When the catkins are flying and the flowers are falling, I climb up the stairs. The spring river is full of tears, endless flow, and a lot of sorrow.
A Thousand Years of Life Note: Huang Tingjian has a connotative poem
Beyond the sand by the water, the spring cold in the city retreats. The shadows of the flowers are chaotic, and the sound of the orioles is broken. The wine cups are floating around, and the clothes are loose when we say goodbye. No one can be seen, and the blue clouds and dusk are facing each other in the sky.
Recalling the gathering in the West Pond in the past, the herons flew together. Hand in hand, who is here today? The clear dreams are gone by the sun, but the beauty in the mirror has changed. Spring is gone, and there are thousands of sorrows like the sea.
Ru Meng Ling·The oriole's beak pecks at the red flowers
The oriole's beak pecks at the red flowers, and the swallow's tail is dotted with green wrinkles. It refers to the cold jade pipe, which blows through the plum blossoms in spring. Still, still, both the man and the green poplar are thin.
Jiang Chengzi Note: Qin Guan and Su Shi gave it to each other for the last time
Fei Yan from the south returns to Hong from the north. Encounter by chance. Sad look. A beautiful woman with green temples and a beautiful face, and she meets two old men in decline again. Don't ask me, Youyou, after we say goodbye. There are countless things that can't be said.
The spring wine in Xiaocao is dripping red. Don't rush. Full of golden bells. Drink scattered flowers and flowing water, all in the west and east. I don’t know where I am after the meeting, the smoke and waves are far away, and the dusk clouds are heavy.