Mr. Wang said: I can't learn. Green is taken from blue, and green is blue; Ice and water are cooler than water. The wood is straight in the rope, thinking it is a wheel, and its curve is in the gauge. Although there is wind and rain, those who are no longer righteous will follow it. Therefore, the wood is straight by the rope, the gold is sharp, the gentleman is knowledgeable, and he saves himself every day, so he knows clearly without fault.
So, if you don't climb the mountain, you don't know the height of the sky. Don't face the deep stream, I don't know the thickness of the ground; I didn't know the greatness of learning until I heard the last words of my late king. The sons of Gan, Yue, Yi and Xun were born in unison, long and different, and naturally educated. The poem says, "Well, gentlemen, there is no constant rest. Jing * * *, good is integrity. " God will be blessed if he listens. "God is greater than Tao, and joy is greater than harmlessness.
I think all the time, it is better to finish what I have learned in a short time. I taste, look forward to, it is better to learn from. Climb a trick, the arm does not lengthen, but the person you see is far away; Call with the wind, the sound does not add disease, but the listener is obvious. Those who cheat horses are not good enough, but cause thousands of miles; A man who pretends to be a boat can't swim, but he can't swim. The life of a gentleman is the same, and the goodness lies in personal leave.
In the south, there is a kind of bird named Meng dove, which takes feathers as its nest and is tied with reeds. It was broken by the wind and its eggs died in broken child. The nest is endless, but so are the people connected with it. In the west, there is a kind of wood called Shegan. The stem is four inches long. It was born on a high mountain, facing the abyss. You can't grow a wooden pole, but you can stand. In the bitter fleabane bitter fleabane, can't bear to go straight. Lan Huai's roots are for it, which gradually makes the gentleman close and refuses to accept it. Its quality is not beautiful, but it is also gradual. Therefore, a gentleman must choose his hometown when he is born, and he must be an official when he goes out, so he must be close to righteousness.
Everything has a beginning and an end. When honor or disgrace comes, it will be like virtue. Meat rots into adults, and fish withers into moths. Ignoring and forgetting your body is a disaster. Strong cultivation, soft cultivation. Evil is in the body, and resentment is in the structure. As soon as the salary is paid, the fire will dry up; If the ground is flat, the water will be wet. Vegetation is born, birds and animals are numerous, and things are human beings. It is the nature of Zhang and the bow and arrow to swallow. Lin Mao's axe is heavy, the trees are shaded by birds, and it is sour and sour. Therefore, there are calls for disaster and humiliation. A gentleman is careful what he says!
Accumulated soil becomes mountains, and the wind and rain are prosperous; The water drops merged into the ocean and the dragon was born; Accumulate goodness into virtue, the gods are complacent, and the sacred heart is prepared. Therefore, you can't take Wan Li Road without accumulating steps; If you don't accumulate small streams, you won't be a river. Leap, not ten steps; This is a great contribution to the success of Ma Xu. Perseverance, rotten wood can't be carved; Perseverance, the stone can be carved. Earthworms do not have the advantages of minions, and their bones and muscles are strong. They eat dirt and drink yellow mud, and they care. The crab kneels six times and pinches twice. It's not that the snake hole has no sustenance, it's also impetuous. Therefore, people with ulterior motives have no bright future, and carefree people have no achievements. Those who follow the right path will not come, and those who follow the right path will not allow it. Eyes can't see, ears can't hear. The viper flies without feet, and the mouse is poor in five skills. "Poetry" says: "The corpse dove is in Sang, and her son is seven. A good gentleman with good moral character is always a polite person. " His body looks like a knot in his heart. "Therefore, the gentleman is bound to one.
I used to play the drums and the piano, and the fish flowed out to listen. I played the drums and the piano, and there were six horses. Therefore, the sound is not small but not heard, and the line is not hidden but not shaped; Jade is moist in the mountains, pearls are born in the deep, and cliffs are not withered. Do not accumulate evil and do good, is there anyone who doesn't know?
general idea
This paragraph expounds the significance of learning knowledge. Xunzi believes that learning knowledge can increase wisdom, broaden horizons and correct conduct. Gentlemen are different from ordinary people because they are good at continuous learning. Xunzi pointed out that as long as you start from scratch, you will achieve something.
Learn evil from scratch? Evil in the end? Yue: its number begins with chanting and ends with reading ceremony; Its significance begins with being a scholar and ends with being a saint. If you really accumulate strength for a long time, you will enter, and if you learn, you will stop. Therefore, there is an end to the number of students. If it is just, it cannot be abandoned for a moment. For it, people are also; Give up, so do animals. Therefore, "book" is also a discipline of political affairs; People who write "poetry" stop at alto; Those who learn "etiquette" will have a high degree of law and discipline and will stop learning "etiquette". Husband is called the extreme of morality. The respect of literature in ceremony, the sum of music, the abundance of poetry and books, and the thinness of spring and autumn are all between heaven and earth.
The learning of a gentleman is also in the ear, in the heart, in the four bodies, in the shape of movement, and finally, crawling, one can be the law. The knowledge of villains is also heard, not spoken. Between the mouth and ears, there are four inches of ears, which is seven feet beautiful! Ancient scholars were themselves, and today's scholars are people. The study of a gentleman is also for beauty; Little people learn that birds are calves. Therefore, if you don't ask, you will be proud of it, and if you ask, you will be proud of it. Proud, not also; Oh, no; A gentleman is like a man.
Learn not to be close to others. "Rites" and "music" are not mentioned, so "poetry" and "book" are irrelevant, while "Spring and Autumn Annals" is postponed. If you learn from a gentleman, you will respect him all over the world. Therefore, learning ink is almost close to people.
Learning classics is not as fast as learning good people, followed by long rituals. If you can't be a good person in the world, you can't be a good person in the world. Ante will learn miscellaneous knowledge, follow "Poetry" and "Book", and then be poor at the end of his life. He must be a vulgar Confucian. The original king, benevolence and righteousness, then courtesy is in its latitude and longitude. If you pat your collar with five fingers, there will be countless followers. Disrespect for the constitution, taking poetry books as an example, metaphorically refers to measuring rivers, taking millet and cone pots, so we can't get them. Therefore, although Longli is unknown, he is also a lawyer; If you don't give a long gift, you will scatter Confucianism, although you will argue.
Don't sue if you ask, don't ask if you sue, don't listen if you say, and don't argue if you win. So follow its path, then walk, and avoid it if it is not its path. Therefore, courtesy can follow words and deeds, words can follow words and deeds, and color can follow color. Then you can speak with words and deeds. So, you can't be proud of what you said, but you can hide what you said and you can't be proud of your appearance. Therefore, a gentleman is not proud, not hiding, not jealous, let nature take its course. The poem says, "The son of heaven gave bandits a comfortable relationship." This is also called.
One shot in every shot is not good enough to shoot; A thousand miles is not enough, and good is not enough; Learning badly is because ethics has nothing to do with human nature. Those who learn well will learn well. Once in the way, once in the way, the person who draws the lane is also. Few good people, many bad people, stubborn, stubborn, stealing chickens and dogs. All the people, and scholars.
A gentleman knows that her husband is not perfect and can't think of beauty, so he recites it consistently and thinks it over, so as to treat others and educate people. Make eyes have no desire to see, ears have no desire to listen, mouth has nothing to say, and heart has nothing to worry about. When you are good at time, your eyes are good with five colors, your ears are good with five tones, your mouth is good with five flavors, and your heart benefits the world. Therefore, rights cannot be dumped, the masses cannot be moved, and the world cannot be shaken. Life depends on reason, death depends on reason, and husband is called virtue. Moral exercise can then be decided, decided and answered, decided and answered. My husband is called an adult. The sky sees its light and the earth sees its light, and the gentleman values all this.
general idea
This paragraph describes the contents and methods of teaching. Xunzi advocates that learning should take Confucian classics as the basic content, because these classics represent all the knowledge in the world completely, and ceremony is particularly important, which is a summary of knowledge. But at the same time, he believes that the knowledge represented by these classics is out of date, and we should learn more from real teachers and learn knowledge that can be used directly from them. The effective way of learning is to respect teachers and emphasize morality, and to explore knowledge should be carried out in a good atmosphere. Finally, Xunzi pointed out that learning knowledge must be comprehensive and truly understood in order to be a truly learned person.
The gentleman said: learning can't stop. Indigo is extracted from bluegrass and bluer than bluegrass. Ice is solidified by water, which is cooler than water. The wood is straight and conforms to the chalk line. If it is bent into a wheel, the curvature of wood meets the standard of roundness. No matter how dry it is, it won't be straight, because it has been processed like this. Therefore, wood can be straightened after being measured with ink lines, and metal products such as swords can be sharpened after being ground on grindstones. Your son studies extensively and checks himself every day, so he will be smart and have no mistakes in his behavior.
Therefore, if you don't climb the mountain, you don't know how high the sky is; I don't know how thick the ground is without facing the deep stream; If you don't know the emperor's legacy, you don't know how to learn to ask questions. Dry people, Vietnamese, foreigners and raccoons cry the same when they are born, but their customs are different when they grow up, which is created by education. The poem says, "Gentlemen, don't always think about comfort. Take your work seriously and love the virtue of integrity. The gods will give you great happiness when they hear all this. " There is nothing greater than being edified by the Tao, and there is nothing more lasting than being free from disaster.
I used to think about it all day, but I didn't learn much in an instant. I once stood on tiptoe and looked far away, but it was better to climb high and look far. Climb high and wave, the arm is not longer than before, but others can see it in the distance; Calling with the wind, the voice is not as loud as before, but the listener can hear it clearly. People with chariots and horses can walk Wan Li Road if they don't walk fast, and people with boats can swim across the river without swimming. The essence of a gentleman is no different from ordinary people, but he is good at using foreign things.
Earth and stone pile up into mountains, and the wind and rain start from here; Water flows into the abyss, and dragons are born from it; Accumulate good deeds and cultivate noble character, then you will reach a high degree of wisdom and you will have the spiritual realm of a saint. Therefore, without the accumulation of half a step, there is no way to reach thousands of miles away; Without the accumulation of tiny flowing water, there is no way to merge into the rivers and seas. The horse jumped less than ten paces; A bad carriage can walk for ten days, and its success lies in its non-stop walking. If it stops after a while, the rotten wood will continue to be carved. Stick to carving and the stone will be carved successfully. Earthworms have no sharp claws and teeth and strong bones and muscles, but they can eat mud and drink spring water because they are single-minded. A crab has eight feet and two big claws. If there were no caves for snakes and crickets, it would have nowhere to live. This is because of impetuousness. Therefore, without the will to study hard, there will be no significant academic achievements; Without hard work, there will be no great achievements in career. Neither side will tolerate a man who can't get to his destination on the wrong road and serves two monarchs at the same time. The eyes cannot see two things at the same time and see clearly, and the ears cannot hear two sounds at the same time and hear clearly. A poisonous snake can fly without feet, and a mouse has five skills, but there is still no way. The poem says: "Cuckoo nests in mulberry trees, and its young birds have seven. A good gentleman should be single-minded and impartial. Single-minded, impartial, and rock-solid will. " Therefore, a gentleman is determined and single-minded.
Mr. Wang said: I can't learn. The gentleman said: Learn from Fukashi. Green is taken from blue, and green is blue; Ice, water, but colder than water. Indigo is extracted from Polygonum cuspidatum, but it is bluer than Polygonum cuspidatum. Ice water is condensed, but it is colder than water. Wood is straight in the rope, not a wheel, and its curve is in the gauge. The wood is straight and conforms to the chalk line, and it is bent into a wheel by fire, which conforms to the garden rules. Although there is a crisis, those who stop coming forward will make it happen. Even after air drying, it can't be straight. It was baked with fire to become like this! Therefore, the wood is straight, the gold is sharp, and the gentleman is knowledgeable and saves himself, so he knows what is clear and not wrong. Therefore, the wood is straight after ink line correction, and the sword is sharpened on the grindstone. A gentleman learns from others and tests his words and deeds every day, so he is wise and has no mistakes in his actions. Think all day long, it is better to learn it in a moment; I used to think hard all day, but I didn't get a moment's study. I have tasted the postscript and am looking forward to it. Might as well climb the mountain to see it. I once stood on tiptoe and looked far away, but I couldn't see as widely as I did from a height. Climb a trick, the arm does not lengthen, but the person you see is far away; Climb high and wave, but the arm is not lengthened, but the person you see is far away; Call with the wind, the sound does not add disease, but the listener is obvious. Shouting with the wind, the voice is not enhanced, and the crying is clearly heard. Those who cheat horses are not good enough, but cause thousands of miles; People who travel far by car and horse can reach thousands of miles without walking fast; A man who pretends to be a boat can't swim, but he can't swim. People who use boats can cross the river instead of swimming. Gentlemen are born different. Goodness is false in things. There is nothing special about the gift of a gentleman, but he is good at using foreign things. Accumulated soil becomes mountains, and the wind and rain are prosperous; Accumulated soil becomes mountains, and the wind and rain start from here; The water drops merged into the ocean and the dragon was born; Collect water and flow into the abyss, where dragons are produced; Accumulate goodness into virtue, the gods are complacent, and the sacred heart is prepared. Accumulate good deeds and cultivate good moral character, then noble spiritual wisdom will naturally form, and the thoughts of saints will also be possessed. Therefore, you can't take Wan Li Road without accumulating steps; If you don't accumulate small streams, you won't be a river. Therefore, without the accumulation of half a step, it is impossible to reach a place thousands of miles away. Without a trickle, it is impossible to form rivers and seas. Leap, not ten steps; This is a great contribution to the success of Ma Xu. A good horse can't jump ten steps at a time; The effect of pulling a rickshaw for ten days (or thousands of miles) is perseverance. Perseverance, rotten wood can't be carved; Perseverance, the stone can be carved. Carve with a knife and put it down, even if it is rotten wood; Even metal and stone can be carved with a knife. Earthworms do not have the advantages of minions, and their bones and muscles are strong. They eat the earth and drink the yellow land with their hearts. Earthworms (although) have no sharp claws and strong bones and muscles, (but) can eat dust upwards and drink underground spring water downwards because they are single-minded. The crab kneels six times and pinches twice. It's not that the snake hole has no sustenance, it's also impetuous. Although a crab has six feet and two crab claws, if it leaves the hole of snakes and eels, it has no place to live, because it is impetuous (not specific).