Laughing all your life will be ridiculous when you get old.
All over the Yangtze River, fish is beautiful, bamboo is good, mountain is fragrant.
Not as good as a foreigner, the poet is an example of Shui Caolang.
Unfortunately, it didn't help at all, and it was still a waste of time for the housekeeper to press the wine bag.
-Su Shi
At the end of the second year of Yuanfeng (1079), Su Shi escaped from the prison of "Wutai Poetry Case" and was demoted as the assistant of Huangzhou Tuan Yingyong, a member of the water department of Shangshu Province, and arrived in Huangzhou (now Huanggang, Hubei Province) the following year. Judging from the title, this poem was written by Su Shi when he first arrived. It shows the poet's complex and subtle feelings in the face of the upcoming severe life.
In the first two sentences, the poet reviewed his life path in a self-deprecating tone. Su Shi (epitaph written by Su Zhe), who has been "studious and ambitious" since childhood, will certainly not do nothing for the sake of appetite. Moreover, since he took the imperial examination in the second year of Jiayou (1057), he has been valued by court officials with his amazing talent and is regarded as a weapon of the prime minister. However, more than 20 years later, instead of "success", it fell to this point, and it is no wonder that the poet laughed at himself. In fact, he was only 46 years old at this time, which was the prime of life. The word "absurd" seems relaxed and humorous, but it contains many unspeakable feelings of self-injury.
Write a couplet to describe what you first saw. Huangzhou is facing the river on three sides, and the famous Wuchang fish is produced nearby; There are endless green hills and beautiful scenery on both sides of the great river, which has always been famous for producing bamboo. At the beginning of Song Dynasty, Wang Yucheng's The Story of Huanggang Bamboo House opened with the sidewalk "Huanggang Bamboo Lot". When Su Shi first arrived, he was very dusty. Seeing the beauty of fish in Jiang Lang's mind, watching bamboo ploughing and enjoying the fragrance of bamboo shoots, his joy was beyond words. Among them, the words "knowledge" and "consciousness" enter the real scene in imaginary words, describing the yearning for the coming life, closely following the meaning of the first question, which is particularly meaningful.
Su Shi's relegation to Huangzhou led to a series of official titles, all of which were in name only and had no real power. They were "put in such a state that they were not allowed to sign books or perform official duties", which was similar to banishing criminals. Therefore, in the neck couplet, the poet pretends to be a guest, and does not exaggerate his anger. The sentence of this couplet is to carry forward the previous two couplets, and turn it over from here: Since I have accomplished nothing in my life and Huangzhou is delicious with fish and bamboo shoots, as a fugitive, I am here as an idle "foreign" official. ), why not? In the antithesis, use ancient and modern poets as metaphors. Shuicaolang is a Langguan of the Ministry of Water Resources. Among the poets before this, He Xun, He Xun, and He Wei all served as Langguan of the Ministry of Water Resources. Su Shi said humorously with this coincidence that this position always seems to be given to poets. In addition, Su Shi himself was killed for writing poems attacking the political reform, and was finally demoted to Huangzhou. Therefore, this self-comforting word is not without complaints. Words such as "might as well" and "for example" are humorous and open-minded, which can reflect Su Shi's personality.
The end of the couplet is satire, which shows Dongpo's unique style: such as hiding needles in cotton wool, looking up at Feng Ying, and making opponents feel false and ashamed with humor and laughter. According to the practice of the Song Dynasty, a considerable number of officials' salaries were calculated by discounting in kind. After individuals get these impractical items, they have to sell them at a discount, so the nominal salary is often far from the actual income. As a proofreader, Su Shi was asked to use the wine returning bag abandoned by the imperial court to offset his salary. So, on the surface, being ashamed of the corpse is a vegetarian, but actually it means that the officials here are demoted, and in the future, the court will have to pay a lot of "wine bags" as a salary, making the finishing touch and sketching a funny and ironic comedy atmosphere. This is not only the poet's self-mockery for taking pleasure in suffering, but also a mockery of the court dignitaries.
The language of this poem is plain and simple, and it has a sense of flowing water, but its emotional connotation is very rich. It not only profoundly depicts Su Shi's complicated and contradictory mood when he first arrived in Huangzhou, but also reflects Su Shi's consistent attitude towards life from this psychological change. That is, no matter how hard you are hit and persecuted, you always keep an optimistic and open-minded mind, never give in to fate, let alone beg for mercy, but find beauty in nature, seek the joy of life in adversity, and make life full of vitality and laughter forever.