Jiang Lou Xi Wang Zhao Ke
Year: Tang Author: Bai Juyi
Looking into the sky, the mountains are wide and long.
Lights are everywhere in the city, and the Milky Way is in the middle of the water.
The wind blows the ancient trees, it rains on sunny days, and the moon shines on the sand and frost on summer nights.
Can we go to the river to cool off? Much cooler than your cabin.
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The whole poem is mainly word by word. The first couplet is about a long-term vision, magnificent and lofty; Write close-ups of couplets, dim lights, and the milky way flashing, all overlooking; Neck couplets are written about ancient trees blown by the wind, and the moon shines on the sand, which is fresh and pleasant. Hard-to-write scenery is like in front of you. The line of sight is from far to near, and all the scenery is shrouded in the evening words, so the evening words dominate the whole article. The first couplet is about the vast sea and mountains and rivers, all of which are the scenery in the evening; Couplets are written about stars with lights, necklaces are written about ancient trees blown by the wind and the moon shining on the sand, all of which are shrouded in dusk words. Just because we are in Jiangta at night, we can cool off, so we send invitations to friends and respond to invitations in questions.
Look at the bottom, it means both. The second sentence is a concrete description of the word boundless. Both Hangzhou and Zhejiang, where Qiantang River enters the sea, have Buddhist niches, with two mountains facing each other. Every high tide season, the river gushes from the mountain gate, and the current is fierce, so Malik rushes, which is a famous scenic spot at home and abroad. These two sentences are what the poet saw when he went upstairs.
There are thousands of lights around the city, and the center of the Yinhe River is a close-up description. Since the mid-Tang Dynasty, the economies of southeast cities have been prosperous, and the population outside Hangzhou is dense. At night, there are many lights, and there are many ships passing by Qiantang River. The scene is spectacular. These are all ignored by the poet from the upper reaches of the river and are closely related to the words used in the title.
Poetry's tie makes people feel cool. The wind blows the old trees, the moon shines on the sand, and the artistic conception is fresh. Poets decorate them with rain on sunny days and frost on summer nights, which is even more unique and novel. The sound of wind blowing ancient trees is comparable to the sound of rain, and ancient trees are like raindrops. Although there is no wind and rain in reality, they are there, and they already have the feeling of hot summer. Similarly, the moonlight sprinkled on the earth is bright and crystal clear.
The couplets and necklaces of this poem are difficult to write, but the antithesis is neat and natural, which adds a lot of color to the whole poem.
Pool side in early summer
Year: Tang Author: Bai Juyi
Spring pools accumulate water late, and summer trees abound.
The boat is like a wild crossing, and the fence falls like a river village.
Touch the piano mattress quietly and open the door of the wine cellar.
Get a little grandson if you have nothing to do.
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One night in late spring and early summer, it had just rained. The water in the pond was deep and leaves had grown on the branches overhead.
Several ships in the distance seem disorganized. They scattered like crossing home, and the fence next to the village was evacuated, as if it were just a xiaohe village.
When I was free, I stroked the piano bed quietly, and suddenly remembered to open the wine cellar and take a bottle of good wine to taste alone.
There is nothing to do all day, only Doby's little grandson who is not sensible from time to time.
Look at cutting wheat.
Year: Tang Author: Bai Juyi
The Tian family has less leisure in the month, and people are twice as busy in May.
At night, the south wind rises and the wheat turns yellow.
The mother-in-law is full, and the child is full of pot pulp.
Go with Tian Xiang. Ding Zhuang is in Nangang.
Filled with the heat of the country, the back was scorched by the sun.
I don't know about the heat, but I regret the long summer.
There is a poor woman with a child on her back.
The right hand holds the ear and the left arm hangs in the basket.
Listening to his words of concern is very sad.
The family's tax is gone, so I will take this to satisfy my hunger.
What merit did I do today? I have never worked as a farmer.
There are 300 stones in the land, and there is surplus grain in the year of Yan.
I am ashamed to see this, and I can't forget it every day.
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This poem was written by the author when he was the prefect of the county in the year of Yuanhe (807).
This poem has clear narrative, natural structure, distinct levels and strong logic. At the beginning of the poem, the background is explained first, indicating that May is the busy season for wheat harvest. Then it was written that women took their children to the fields to deliver food and water to young adults who were cutting wheat. Then it describes young farmers cutting wheat with their heads down in Nangang wheat field, fumigating under their feet and baking on their backs in the hot sun. They are tired and don't feel hot, just cherish how dry summer can be. The scene of the farmer's hard work was strongly displayed. Then describe another sad scene: a poor woman with a child in her arms and a broken basket in her hand is picking up wheat by the wheat harvester. Why are you picking wheat? Because her family's field has "lost all taxes"-sold to pay the palace tax, and now there is no land to plant and no wheat harvest, so we have to rely on wheat to satisfy our hunger. These two scenes are intertwined, with both differences and connections: the former reveals the hardships of farmers, while the latter reveals heavy taxes. Since heavy taxes make poor women lose their fields, so will farmers who are harvesting wheat. Today's wheat pickers may also become tomorrow's wheat pickers. There is a strong irony, which goes without saying. The poet is ashamed of the pain of peasant life and can't be calm for a long time. This lyric poem is the essence of the whole poem. It is the product of the author's touching feelings and shows the poet's deep sympathy for the working people. Bai Juyi wrote satirical poems with the purpose of "only making people sick, I hope the emperor knows." With his own personal experience, he made a sharp contrast between farmers and himself as a court official, hoping that the "son of heaven" would understand something, with clever euphemism and good intentions.
Bai Juyi is the master of art who is best at writing narrative poems. His narrative poems can fully express human feelings, and the events described in them are tortuous and meticulous. Moreover, his narrative poems always reveal the soul, so they always contain feelings. Although he didn't write much, he put the hard work of wheat harvest and gleaning in summer harvest. And wrote the heart, including the author's own heart and the hearts of working people. The poet's heartstrings were obviously shaken and shaken by the tragic scene he heard and witnessed, so he took up a pen to talk about it, and his lines were filled with sympathy and pity for the workers. Poems like "It's full of rustic heat, and the sky is burning behind it" and "My family lost all taxes, so I picked it up to feed my hunger" contain the author's empathy. Therefore, this song "Watching Wheat" has the infiltration of the author's feelings and the beating of his heart, and the author's heart is integrated with what he described. What is commendable is that while describing the working people, the author can also truly write the voices of the working people, especially depicting the abnormal psychology of the working people in a certain situation and profoundly revealing the theme of the poem. "Pity" in "The Charcoal Man" describes the abnormal psychology of the old man who sells charcoal because of food and clothing. "I don't know how hot it is, but I regret the long summer" in "Looking at Mai Niang" is also a kind of abnormal psychology. This description depicts the working people's hearts in detail and goes deep into the details. The perfect unity of writing and writing in poetry is more shocking than the unity of general narrative and lyric. Bai Juyi is also an expert in using comparative techniques. He not only compared the poverty and kindness of the working people with the luxury and tyranny of the landlord class, but also compared their own comfort with the poverty of the working people. After writing about the hardships and pains of farmers in the hot summer, the poet also thought of himself, feeling that he had no "merit" and "didn't work for farmers", but he was paid "three hundred stones" and still had "surplus food" by the end of the year. I can't forget it every day. " It is very rare for the poet to take the initiative to compare with the peasants at that time. This contrast is really novel, accurate, valuable and thought-provoking, which further shows the ideological height of this poem.