"The quatrains are so full that I can't wake up when I see the guest who is worried"
Original text:
I can't wake up when I see the guest who is worried,
A rogue spring scene Arrive at Jiangting.
As soon as the flowers bloomed and I went to further my studies,
I felt that the orioles were talking too much.
Notes:
1. Scoundrel: It originally means to be naughty and playful, but here it is extended to mean naughty and provocative. The general meaning of these two sentences is; Watch me immersed in the guest house. I can't extricate myself from my melancholy, but the rogue Chunse deliberately comes to Jiangting to tease people's melancholy.
Appreciation:
This set of quatrains was written in the second year when Du Fu lived in Chengdu Thatched Cottage, that is, the second year of Daizong's reign in the Yuan Dynasty (761). The title is "manxing", which means to write down whatever you want. I don’t want to write everything down, I don’t want to write it all down, and it won’t all be done at the same time. Judging from the content of the nine poems, they should be written from spring to summer, and there is also a sequence to be found.
The scenery around Du Fu's thatched cottage is very beautiful, and his life there is relatively stable. However, the poet who suffered the pain of separation has not forgotten that the national crisis has not been eliminated and it is difficult to return to his hometown. Although there are flowers in front of him, the sorrow of his family and country still lingers in his heart. "Du Zu" says: The word "ke worry" is the outline of nine poems. This first poem is about the "ke worry" to describe the poet's mood in spring. Seeing the guest worried and unable to wake up, it generally shows that the poet is immersed in the sorrowful thoughts of the guest and cannot extricate himself. The word "unawake" depicts this intoxicated and confused state of mind. However, the spring scenery is ignorant of human feelings, and rushes into the poet's eyes recklessly. Spring is originally pleasant. The peach blossoms bloom in clusters without owners. Are you fond of dark red and light red? But in the mind of the poet who is haunted by guest worries, this spring scenery that suddenly comes to Jiangting is so disturbing! You see, it is in front of the poet's eyes, hurriedly urging the flowers to bloom, and causing the orioles to sing frequently, as if it is deliberately teasing the wanderers who are in the midst of the sorrow of their home and country. At this time and place, with such a mood, with such flowers blooming and singing, Sichun's goddess is really a master, and her hospitality is too rash.
Du Fu is good at using contrasting techniques to deepen the thoughts and feelings he wants to express and enhance the artistic effect of poetry in the opposition between emotion and scene. The scene of being annoyed by spring in this poem is similar to the mood in "Spring Look" in which the flowers burst into tears and the birds hate each other. It's just that when I'm in chaos, I'm anxious and full of thoughts; when I'm in temporary peace, I feel melancholy when I'm a stranger. Although the emotions expressed vary in degree, they all use happy scenes to describe sadness (Wang Fuzhi's "Jiang Zhai Poetry Talk"), which makes the sadness even more intense. Therefore, in the poem, when you look at the spring scenery of the Pavilion by the River, you immediately feel that it is a rogue; when you see the flowers blooming and the spring breeze, you feel deeply that it is wrong; when you hear the orioles and the young willows, you feel that it is too peaceful. This doubles the poet's troubles and sorrows. This artistic expression method is very consistent with the reality in life. Qiu Zhaoao commented on this poem and said: When a person is happy, the spring scenery is also sentimental; when a person is frustrated, the spring scenery is also a rogue. (Volume 9 of "Detailed Notes on Du Shi") It is the poet who fully depicts the true feelings at that time, which can deeply touch the readers' hearts and arouse excitement.
Du Fu's quatrains are in full bloom·Know Mao Zhai Jue Xiaoxiao
"Du Fu's quatrains are in full bloom and you are familiar with Mao Zhai Jue Xiaoxiao"
Author: Du Fu
Original text:
We all know that Maozhai is extremely small,
The swallows on the river come frequently.
It stains the piano and books with mud in its mouth,
It even catches flying insects and hits people.
Translation:
The swallows on the river all know that my hut is too small,
so they often fly here to build their nests.
The mud swallows brought to build their nests soiled my piano and books.
They also kept chasing flying insects and bumped into people.
Appreciation:
This poem describes the disturbing scene of swallows frequently flying into the study room in the thatched cottage. The first sentence says that Maozhai is extremely low and narrow, which is familiar to everyone, but it is based on Yan Ziyan. Even the swallows on the river are very familiar with the small size of this thatched house, which is probably more suitable for building nests! So the second sentence goes on to talk about the frequency of old times. The frequent arrival of swallows will naturally cause trouble to the owner. The third and fourth sentences describe the swallows' activities in the layer in detail: building nests, picking up mud and staining the piano and writing are not included, but they also have to chase flying insects and even bump into people. The poet uses clear and concise spoken language to create delicate and vivid descriptions, giving people a warm and realistic feeling. Moreover, through the real feeling, people are reminded of this small thatched cottage. Due to the frequent disturbance of river swallows, the owner also There is no room for it. This describes the poet's troubled state of mind while living in a thatched cottage. A poem written by Wang Si of the Ming Dynasty, "Du Sui", says this: Far-off travelers live alone, and encounter many unexpected things. This kind of dissatisfaction is still caused by the guest's worries, and the swallows are used to elicit the feeling that birds are deceiving others.
Wang Fuzhi said in "Jiangzhai Poetry Talk": Scenes are called two, but they are inseparable. The combination of spirit and poetry is boundless. Skillful people have feelings in the scenery, and feelings in the scenery. This poem by Du Fu is also an example of being good at embodying emotion in the scenery. The whole poem was written by Mao Zhai Jiang Yan, and the third and fourth sentences are the scene language describing the movements of the swallows. In this detailed description of the people in the dirty piano book, it contains many troubles and worries of the lonely travelers from far away. The restless expression, the connection between body and object, and the wonderful combination of spirit and object. Although there is not a word of unsatisfactory mood in the poem, it is all expressed in the description of the scenery. The whole poem is full of charm and enjoyable to chew.
This poem is full of emotions. The poet started from the swallows and described in detail and vividly their frequent flying into the thatched cottage and study, staining the piano and books, hitting people and other activities.
These descriptions not only highlight the cuteness of the swallow, but also vividly and vividly express the swallow's love for the thatched cottage and study, as well as his intimacy with the poet. The whole poem is filled with a strong flavor of life, giving people a natural and friendly feeling. At the same time, it also reveals the joy and leisurely feeling of the poet living in a stable life in the thatched cottage.
The theme of this poem can also be understood as the poet's vivid description of the disturbing situation of swallows frequently flying into the thatched cottage and study, and the emotion of using swallows to attract birds seems to bully people, showing the poet's loneliness when traveling far away. The many worries and restless look of living.
Du Fu's quatrains are overflowing with poplar flowers on a gritty path and a white carpet is spread across the street
"Quatrains are flourishing and poplar flowers are spread across a white carpet on a gritty path"
Author: Du Fu
p>Original text:
Poplar flowers are spread out on white felt along the grain path,
Green coins are stacked on top of lotus leaves in the stream.
No one can see the bamboo shoots and the young ones,
The chicks sleep next to their mothers on the sand.
Translation:
The poplar fragments falling on the path are like spread out white felt,
The young lotus dotted on the stream is like bronze Money stacked one on top of the other.
No one has paid attention to the young bamboo shoots that have just sprouted from the ground beside the bamboo shoots in the bamboo forest.
The newly hatched little water ducks are nestling sweetly with their mother ducks on the beach. fell asleep.
Appreciation:
This song "Manxing" is about the scenery of early summer. The first two sentences describe the scenery, and the last two sentences describe the objects in the scenery, and the scenery and objects blend in with each other, each achieving its own beauty.
The poem shows a beautiful early summer landscape: poplar flowers flying all over the sky are scattered on the path, as if covered with a layer of white felt; and green lotus leaves in the stream are dotted with them. , and like round green coins stacked on the water. The poet turned his gaze and suddenly discovered that the young pheasants were hiding next to the roots of the bamboo bushes, which was really difficult for people to see. On the beach on the shore, the chicks snuggled close to the mother and fell asleep peacefully. The word "糁path" in the first sentence describes the poplar flowers scattered on the road. The words are concise and vivid. The two words dot and duplication in the second sentence describe the state of the lotus leaves in the stream very vividly and vividly, making the whole sentence come alive. The last two lines, Pu Qilong said in "Reading Du Xinjie" that they slightly convey the feeling of Xiao Ji and pity for the son. From the perspective of the whole poem, there may be a slight hint of Xiao Ji, but the feeling of pity for the son is too deep.
These four poems, one sentence and one scene, literally seem to be independent of each other, one sentence and one picture; but when connected together, they form the natural landscape of the early summer countryside. The meticulous observation and description reveal the author's lingering appreciation for the wonderful natural scenery in early summer when he was walking among the woods and streams. In the quietness, he slightly embodies the sense of loneliness of being a guest in a foreign place. These four sentences are like intercepting the two couplets in the middle of the seven rhythms. Both pairs are correct, and they can be stitched carefully to reflect the front and back. The first two sentences clearly describe poplars and green lotuses, which already imply the meaning of the stream in the forest. The last two sentences describe pheasants and foal chicks, but they are also on the sand in the forest. The front and rear care about each other, reflecting each other, and blending into one body in the dispersion. The description of this poem is delicate and lifelike, the language is popular and vivid, the artistic conception is fresh and meaningful, and it is full of deep and honest life interest.
Manxing
Du Fu Manxing
The moon on the river is only a few feet away, and the wind lantern illuminates the night for the third watch.
The herons at the head of the beach are silent, and the fish are jumping from the stern of the boat.
Appreciation
This poem was written by Du Fu when he was living in Bashu. The poem describes the scene of mooring at night. When writing about a moonlit night, the poet does not start from the moon in the sky, but writes about the shadow of the moon in the water (moon over the river), capturing the characteristics of the night scene on the river from the very beginning. "The person is only a few feet away" means that the moon shadow is close to the boat, and the clear moon is close to the person. It also writes about the clarity of the river. The shadow of the moon in the river is close to the person, painting a beautiful view of the moonlit night between the river and the sky, with a single color and no dust, and a lone moon in the bright sky. The realm is peaceful and tranquil. The second sentence writes that there are lights hanging on the poles in the boat to illuminate the night. Under the moonlight, the lights look dilute and soft. The mast lantern should have a paper cover to protect it from the wind, so it is called a wind lantern. There was no wind in the river at that time, otherwise the river would not be so quiet and the moon shadow would not be so clear and catchable. One or two sentences seem to describe scenery, but readers can really feel the existence of a sleepless person (the first sentence has highlighted the word "human"), and this is the poet himself. Write from the moon over the river to the wind lantern, from outside the boat to inside the boat, from far to near. Then he wrote about the river bank, moving from near to far. Because the moon shines on the beach like snow, the scenery on the beach is faintly discernible. The egrets that stay at night are flexed and gathered in small groups on the beach. They sleep so peacefully and are in perfect harmony with the environment; at the same time, they show tranquility. The scenery breathes life. The loveliness of this peaceful realm can only be fully appreciated by sleepless people who have experienced chaos. The poems are filled with the poet's yearning for a peaceful life and his love for the small creatures in nature, which are in line with the poet's spirit of concern for the country and the people. The poet couldn't help but sincerely praise the tranquility of the night when facing the heron on the sand head.
Because he is closely connected with all kinds of nature, this silence is much different from the silence and secludedness of the deep forest where the bright moon shines (Wang Wei). Suddenly there was a scratching sound from the stern of the boat, which woke the poet who was watching intently. He turned to the stern of the boat, where there were sparkling waves, and it was obvious that a big fish had just jumped out of the water there. The first three sentences of the poem focus on the word "quiet", but the last sentence uses movement and sound, which seems to break the tranquility. However, the actual feeling given to the readers is exactly the opposite. Using movement to break the stillness makes it more quiet; using sound Break the silence, and you will see it more and more. This is a foil technique. Appropriately integrating opposing elements into a unified tone can strengthen the overall tone.
This is a technique often used in poetry, painting, and music. The last two sentences of the poem are about fish and birds, one moving and one still, in contrast and complementing each other. They capture the most distinctive and poetic scene of the moonlit night on the river. They are written realistically, kindly and expressively, which shows the poet's work on objects.
At first glance, this poem has four lines about the moon, lamps, birds, and fish, each forming a scene and not related to each other. It is indeed a unique line. However, the poet uses the technique of moving far and near, and combining movement and stillness, to make the things inside and outside the boat, on the river and on the land, objects and objects, emotions and scenery interconnected and integrated, making the reading feel like experiencing the scene personally, and understanding the meaning from the scene. . Therefore, it is definitely not a piece of broken brocade and cracked silk tape (Hu Yinglin). The poetry of old age is full of romance. From the title of the poem, it can be seen that it is the work of the poet at the moment. This kind of craftsmanship and natural state cannot be achieved by those who just carve out chapters and sentences.
The quatrains of ancient poems are so classic and concise, and they evoke infinite feelings in the heart. If you want to see more quatrains and ancient poems, please enjoy "Ancient Poetry Quatrains Manxing Du Fu".