1, read and recite the text.
2. Be able to understand the meaning of words flexibly and tell stories in your own words.
3. Accumulate China's classic poems and feel the sincere friendship between friends.
Teaching focus
With the help of notes and reference books, read and understand the content, and on this basis, remember and accumulate.
Teaching difficulties
Understand the true meaning of "bosom friend".
teaching process
First, the introduction of topics
1, people often say that "it is enough to have a confidant in life" and "a confidant can be met but not sought". The word "bosom friend" comes from a story that has been passed down through the ages, that is, the story of Yu Boya and Zhong Ziqi that we are going to learn today. I believe that after reading this article, you will have a deeper understanding of "bosom friend".
2, the title of the blackboard, read together.
Second, the whole first reading
1. Play the music "Mountain Flowing Water" and let the students read aloud in the music.
2. Check the preview.
(1) Write the names of the two protagonists.
(2) Dictate the words "good at playing drums and piano" and "good at listening" and explain the word "good".
(3) Check the reading situation and pay attention to the rhythm and speed.
3, normal reading, the whole class read together.
Third, first understand the meaning of the text
"If you read a book a hundred times, you will understand its meaning." Who can say something about the general idea of ancient Chinese?
Ask some students to explain the meaning and ask them how many times they read it before they understand it.
Fourth, feel the bosom friend.
String together articles with stories and experience the process of getting to know each other and getting to know each other in Boya period.
One day, Boya crossed the Han River by boat. When the ship arrived in Hankou in the heavy rain, he met Zhong Ziqi, a woodcutter who was sheltering from the rain in the mountains, and they had a good talk. So Boya couldn't help picking up the lyre and playing music. ...
1, teach Boya Guqin, aim at Qian Shan ... Zhong Ziqi will win.
(1) indicates to read "kindness", and men and women read it separately.
(2) Besides the majestic Mount Tai and the beautiful river, what moving scenes will Boya's piano sound show? Please imitate the second place in the text and practice expression.
Boya Guqin, aiming at _ _ _ _ _, Zhong Ziqi said, "OK, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _!"
(Before the expression, the teacher first guides the students to understand that the second and third sentences of the text describe beautiful scenery, and they all appear in the form of AABC. Similar words include: long white clouds, curling smoke, continuous spring rain, bright moon, willow, snow and so on. )
This is what the article says: "What Boya says, Zhong Ziqi will get". This is a bosom friend-a bosom friend means someone who has a special liking for himself.
Boya was overjoyed when she met her bosom friend. In the past, no one could understand what he expressed with the voice of the piano, but he got the information in the next stage. So they talked all night.
(4) The two met by chance. Although they were only woodcutters when they were young, Boya thought he would get something. What will they say on such a sleepless night? Do what?
(5) Discussion: At that time, Boya was already a famous musician in Chu. Will it lack praise? Why do you only regard the hippopotamus chef as your confidant? How does Boya feel when he hears irrelevant compliments? What does he crave in his heart?
The next morning, the two became sworn brothers in front of Qingshan. Because Boya had something important to do, they had to leave Hankou in tears.
(6) At this point, what will they say? Do what?
The two agreed to meet here today next year.
(7) Guide reading.
2, teaching "death" ... life is no longer a drum ".
A year later, Boya came to the mouth of the Han River as promised, but only a cold tombstone greeted him, and he died of illness.
(1) to guide reading.
(2) Solve the problem again.
(3) Why is there no Boya in the world, but there is no Zhong Ziqi? When he dies, what is Boya's mood at this time?
(4) Discussion: How can Boya think that there is no confidant in the world when he died as a child?
(5) No one understands and confides in the pain, and finally vent it in an extreme way. What is absolutely lost here is only the strings. What else has been cut off?
(6) Experience Boya's sadness and practice reading the fifth sentence with emotion.
What do you want to say to Yu Boya in the face of pain and despair?
Fifth, deeply understand the "solo"
1, show "eulogy in front of Boyazi mausoleum", and deeply understand the solo.
I remember last spring, there was a gentleman by the river. I visited again today, but I didn't see my bosom friend. But it hurts to see a piece of land! Sad, sad, sad, can't bear to cry. Why come and go? There are dark clouds on the river bank. I couldn't play this song in the end, and the three-foot lyre died for you. )
2. Situational reading.
Sixth, the class summary
1, recite.
2. Teacher's summary: After Yu Boya died, he returned to a life that no one could understand and share. Who is that song of high mountains and flowing water for? Only this touching story has been passed down through the ages, making people truly feel the realm of true friends.
3. The students are absorbed in "Mountain Flowing Water".
blackboard-writing design
Boya vast string
Boya-Zhong Ziqi
Good at playing drums and piano; Good at listening.
What you read must win.
die of grief
(affectionate)
Teaching reflection
"Boya Juexian" is classical Chinese, so the first thing before class is to read it repeatedly. Then, I searched the Internet for information about Boya and Zhong Ziqi, stories about mountains and rivers, and related music.
Because primary school students have little contact with ancient Chinese, the teaching content of classical Chinese should naturally be interpreted in a specific context. First of all, I introduced a new music class and got the general idea. Then, through in-depth reading activities, interspersed with relevant stories, I lead students to understand the specific images and connotations of the text in reading. So I put the preset emphasis on guiding students to feel emotions and taste the charm of language.
There are still some difficulties for students to understand the characteristics and methods of classical Chinese. Therefore, in this article, I put forward two learning directions: one is to learn to understand the meaning of the text with the help of notes and reference books, and at the same time guide students to understand the rhythm and charm of classical Chinese reading; The second is to guide students to understand the "bosom friend" and understand Boya's broken piano and the metaphorical meaning behind it-why did Boya break the piano when he died? Because bosom friend is hard to find, the death of chef hippo makes Boya feel that there is no bosom friend in the world, and there is no need to come to the drum piano again.
In this lesson, I focus on reading and understanding the content with notes and reference books, and on this basis, I will remember and accumulate. Through reading, experience, dialogue and association, we can walk into this story and seize the breakthrough of "reading", which is based on reading and realized through reading. Students are beginners in classical Chinese, and reading aloud is not in place. My role model reading played a leading role. In teaching, I combine understanding with reading aloud. While feeling every sentence of the article, I also pay attention to the combination of reading aloud: in the first half of the article, I guide students to read the tone of praise and the harmony and joy of bosom friends; In the second half of the article, instruct students to read aloud with feelings with understanding of Boya's loneliness, loneliness, despair and depression.
At the end of the teaching, continue to play the music of "Mountains and Rivers", let the elegant and smooth piano sound slowly infiltrate the students' hearts, then let the students read the text in music, better enhance the expressive force of the text, let the beautiful charm of classical Chinese penetrate the students' hearts, and try to recite it.
In teaching, I made the necessary extension: "We know that Yu Boya was a famous court musician in Chu at that time. As a famous musician, his piano music should not only represent mountains and flowing water, but also the majestic Mount Tai and rivers. What touching scenes will Yu Boya's piano music show? " On the basis of students' full imagination, give a speech in the scene of "Yi Yi Yang Liu, continuous spring rain, curling smoke ……", effectively mobilize students to read and think, deeply and accurately interpret the rich information in the text layer by layer, strengthen accumulation, cultivate a sense of language, and let students understand the so-called confidant in silent teaching, that is, the person who knows you best in the world. Students and I both feel and infect each other, and beautiful feelings flow quietly in the classroom. Students' reading links to Boya and Hippo chefs cannot be realized through independent preview. I added extended reading to the teaching design, which supplemented the background information that Boya and Zhong Ziqi met and knew each other. I told the students a story about Boya's short song "Midnight Grave" and resolutely broke the piano. At the same time, I asked the students to read the short songs written by Boya deeply, so that they could further understand the affection of "bosom friend" and understand "Boya's unique strings".
I also have many problems in teaching. For example, while emphasizing the cooperation between teachers and students, should we also attach importance to the cooperation between students and arrange the links of group cooperative learning? Student-student interaction and cooperation can provide more opportunities for students to actively participate in the classroom, so that they can change from simple bystanders to active participants in teaching activities, so that students can be inspired from different viewpoints, which is conducive to the extensive transfer of learning.
Second, students are new to classical Chinese, and reading aloud is not in place. Although I read a model essay to the students, and the students tried to imitate it, there are two difficulties in this text: "zai" and "xi" are function words that express sighs in classical Chinese, and reading such modal particles, with a pause, is quite musical. Students still fail to better understand this beauty and show this musical beauty.
Thirdly, in teaching, I think the refinement of my teaching language needs to be further improved. Sometimes, my language is still a little broken, and I can't achieve the most concise effect. The design of some leads is not detailed enough, which affects the wonderful class.
Teacher evaluation:
Teacher Wei's class not only makes students have a deep understanding of the story, but also makes students gradually think about human nature, social interaction and physical life. Grafting Chinese with life will broaden the Chinese classroom. At this time, plus after-school expansion, there will be a sense of tension in the classroom. The design of the whole class is based on the clue of "three-product bosom friend", which not only allows children to receive a solid language training, but also edifies, infects and nourishes them in the process, making the class full of Chinese flavor and the students' learning effect outstanding.
Teaching objectives:
1. Read the words such as "string", "if" and "being" accurately, grasp the pause of reading aloud, pay attention to the logical stress such as "goodness", "e-e", "Yangyang" and "Su", and feel the great changes of the characters' feelings before and after the story.
2. With the help of notes, materials and the existing classical Chinese foundation, understand the meaning of sentences and tell stories in your own words.
3. Understand the characteristics of ancient Chinese prose, learn to read ancient Chinese prose, and understand the general learning methods of ancient Chinese prose.
4. Understand the story of Boya and Hippo chefs becoming bosom friends because of music through reading, feel the artistic charm and be influenced by beauty.
Teaching focus:
Grasp the pause of reading aloud and feel completely different emotions before and after the text; Understand the general learning methods of classical Chinese, and understand the meaning of the text through comments and the existing classical Chinese foundation; And tell the story in his own words.
Teaching difficulties:
Feel the excitement of getting a bosom friend in the first half of the text and the sadness of losing a bosom friend in the second half. Through reading, I can understand the hobbies of Boya and Hippo chefs and appreciate the charm of art.
Teaching process:
First, introduce the topic and understand it.
Today, let's learn Lesson 25 "Boya Jueju" and read the topic together. What story is the text about between two people? (The teacher writes on the blackboard: Boya Zhong Ziqi) How do you understand this topic? (refers to two people communicating)
Second, grasp the rhythm and train at different levels.
1. Pronunciation
Show the words that are easy to mispronounce. It is difficult to read classical Chinese aloud. Can you pronounce the following words correctly? Show on the big screen:
Teaching design and evaluation of Boya swan song
2. Grasp the rhythm and practice reading aloud. Can you read the following sentences? The big screen shows in turn:
Teaching design and evaluation of Boya swan song
(Students try to read)
Red diagonal lines are pause symbols, and "zai" and "xi" are modal particles. When reading modal particles, pause after appropriate extension and sing three sighs, which is quite musical. The third sentence "for" and "yes" are one word, and the teacher gestures to read them out.
3. Self-study exercises.
4. Cooperative reading between teachers and students. Let's read the text together. The teacher reads the first half of each sentence and the students read the second half. After reading it again, exchange reading contents. After reading difficult words and sentences correctly, please practice reading the text freely and pay attention to correct pronunciation and reading sentences.
Design intention: Reading the text is the basis of understanding the meaning of the text. Teachers promote and train in a down-to-earth manner through various forms such as demonstration and guidance, free reading and cooperative reading between teachers and students, which not only enables students to read classical Chinese fluently, but also enables students to understand the one-to-one correspondence of each sentence in the text.
5. Read bamboo slips. The characters in the Spring and Autumn Period were written on bamboo or wood chips, which were called bamboo slips or wooden slips. This classical Chinese should look like this on bamboo slips. Text is arranged vertically from right to left without comma period. Try to read it and say the name of the song you want to read.
Teaching design and evaluation of Boya swan song
Design intention: On the basis of students' fluent reading of the text, teachers present classical Chinese in the form of bamboo slips, which not only makes students feel the characteristics of bamboo slips, but also improves the reading difficulty and reading level, laying a solid foundation for understanding the content.
Third, understand the meaning of the text in groups.
1. Experience the difference between classical Chinese and modern Chinese. After reading the text several times, the students still feel puzzled, which shows that there is a difference between classical Chinese and modern Chinese. The meanings of some words change greatly. Take the first sentence as an example.
"Good" means "good at" and "good at". -this word is still in use.
"Drum" means "play"-the meaning of "drum" in modern Chinese has disappeared, and its meaning has disappeared now.
Qin refers to guqin (default: experience the difference between guzheng and guqin. Show related pictures and videos)
Teacher's summary: You see, almost every word in classical Chinese can express accurate meaning, and some meanings have changed greatly since ancient times.
Design intention: Take the understanding of the sentence "Bo Ya is good at drumming" as an example to make students understand that classical Chinese is mainly monosyllabic words. To understand classical Chinese, we must understand the meaning of each word and teach students the methods of learning classical Chinese.
2. Skills to understand the text. This is the second classical Chinese we learned in primary school, and Yang's son has a basic knowledge. Now, please read the full text together with the text notes. See if you can read this word. That word? Talk to you later.
3. Students exchange gains, and teachers give random guidance.
Design intention: Senior students have strong self-study ability, have accumulated certain knowledge and methods, and adopt the form of cooperative inquiry to facilitate students to release what they know, solve problems and acquire more new knowledge.
4. Teamwork, questioning and asking difficult questions.
(1) If you don't understand any words, discuss them in the group first. If the group leader can't solve them, then record them.
② Problems that cannot be solved in the communication group,
The default is 1: I am as tall as Mount Tai.
Just like Mount Tai, Boya thinks of mountains, and the sound of piano shows the towering mountains. Zhong Ziqi said, "Greatness is like towering mountains. Since "e e" means "Gao" and "Yang Yang" means "Guang", is that all right?
Teaching design and evaluation of Boya swan song
Teacher's summary: The use of reduplicated words not only makes the poetry present a sense of beauty and rhythm, but also makes the feelings of writers and poets fully expressed. This word not only gives us a sense of image, but also makes us feel Zhong Ziqi's heart more deeply. "I am magnificent" later became an idiom to describe this happy state of mind and express this image and this inner emotion through reading aloud. (Original reading)
Design intention: Teaching starts with "incomprehensible problems", and the meaning of sentences will be solved easily through students' communication. However, the application and expression effect of overlapping is a difficult point that students don't know. Teachers follow the trend, through sentence comparison, not only let students feel "mountains and waters are vast", but also realize the inner feelings of different periods and the subtlety of words used here.
Premise 2: Predicate is difficult to understand. The teacher looked up the dictionary, and there are three explanations in the dictionary. Which do you think?
Teaching design and evaluation of Boya swan song
Presupposition 3: "goodness", which appears four times in the text? Does it mean the same thing?
Teacher's summary: the first two words "good" mean "good" and the last two words "good" mean "wonderful". Through the understanding of this word, I realize that people who know classical Chinese should pay attention to the context.
Hypothesis 4: Zhong Ziqi will understand what Boya said.
The teacher concluded: "You must win" is the intention expressed by Boya piano sound. This sentence should be understood in this way. Can it be said with related words? ("whatever"). No matter what Boya expressed in the piano, Zhong Ziqi could feel Boya's heart.
Fourth, practice telling stories and speaking.
1. Try to tell the meaning of the story yourself. Teachers can add names at any time.
2. Practice telling stories in groups. Tell the story to the students in the group. Don't read the book. Choose one student from each group to audition in the group.
3. Show it in class. Please ask two students to speak on the stage, make demands, try to speak in their own words, and add actions and expressions.
Design intention: Storytelling is the process of students' verbal reproduction of the text, and it is the accumulation and application of language and words. Students can speak in their own words, achieving the goal of "being proficient in classical Chinese".
Fifth, supplement and expand, and understand the feeling of being out of line.
1. The teacher described a meeting on a rainy night. According to records, Boyazi got to know each other on a new Mid-Autumn Festival night because of the sound of the piano after the rain and because of the music. They talked all night and didn't think the East was white. Say goodbye in tears during the Boya period. They agreed to meet again on August 16 of the following year. When Boya went to Qiu Lai in the spring, he greeted her with great expectation. Unexpectedly, what he faced was not the people in the second phase, but the cold tombstone in the second phase. Read it together.
When he died as a child, Boya said that there was no bosom friend in the world, but he broke the piano and never played drums all his life.
2. Feel Boya's inner pain with his posture and the action of "breaking the piano and string". Boya was then a famous pianist. He is not only piano master, but also a composer, and is known as the "Qin Xian". Looking at the "broken piano and broken string" behavior, do you have anything to say to Boya?
Default value:
Maybe you'll meet a bosom friend like chef hippo?
(2) Isn't it a pity that you smashed the exquisite lyre?
Don't you feel sorry that such a high skill is no longer used?
Don't Boya think so? Boya "sat cross-legged in front of the grave, sobbing for two lines and playing the piano." The audience applauded and laughed when they heard the piano. Faced with this situation, Tian Yang sighed: "Every smile is a friend, and it is difficult to find a bosom friend." . "The child died. Read it together.
3. Feel the pain that bosom friends are hard to find from poems about bosom friends. Show it on the big screen.
Teaching design and evaluation of Boya swan song
These poems express the same theme: bosom friends are hard to find.
Design intention: Through supplementary materials, teacher's rendering and other means, let students enter the heart of Boya and experience the feeling of losing their bosom friend. Through the accumulation of famous sentences about bosom friends in past dynasties, students can understand the influence of stories and realize that bosom friends are hard to find.
Sixth, read the text again and understand the expression.
Boya was a good drummer and a good listener when he was a child. They know each other. Where did he write that Boya is good at playing drums? (Students read and communicate)
It's not written directly here, is it? However, we can appreciate Boya's good guqin from the language, which shows that Zhong Ziqi has a good hearing. How concise and ingenious this expression is!
Design intention: The text is only 77 words, which depicts such a thrilling story for us. The method of profile description highlights the simplicity of the text. This student is not easy to find. The teacher's guidance not only made the students appreciate Boya's superb piano skills, but also realized the subtlety of profile description.
Seven, compare and ask questions, pay attention to the editing intention.
1. Play pictures and introductions of Boya period on the big screen. Look at the words on it. Do you have any questions? (Students ask questions)
One is a guqin musician and composer in a high position. One is the woodcutter wearing a hat, hemp fiber, carrying a pole and carrying a pole. So what caused these two people with different identities and different status to come together? So what made Boya resolutely break the piano and string after his death and stop playing drums for life?
It is the charm of guqin, the charm of music, and this is the charm of art. (blackboard writing: the charm of art)
Design intention: The new curriculum standard points out that reading teaching is a dialogue process among students, teachers, textbook editors and texts. The theme of this unit 1 is "the charm of art", and the four texts reflect the charm of art from different angles. Then "Boya Farewell" is a bosom friend who transcends identity and nationality from "Boyazi" because of the charm of music art. This link is from the introduction of characters, from students' questions to the implementation of unit themes to realize the charm of art.
Eight, recite and accumulate classics.
1. Read the full text together and feel the charm of art, and the words on the screen gradually fade away. Reading becomes reciting.
2. Do you know how the ancients would chant? The teacher wants to learn from the way the ancients recited for everyone.
3. Homework after class: Tell this story to your parents.
Design intention: "The evaluation of students' reading of simple classical Chinese focuses on students' recitation and accumulation." Finally, let students read classical Chinese well, so as to achieve a basic reading goal of classical Chinese. In the end, teachers not only deepen students' impression of classical Chinese through reading, but also make students feel the charm of reading classical Chinese, achieve the effect of lingering sound, and let students be influenced by beauty.
Comments:
First, give priority to reading and feel the charm of classical Chinese.
Because classical Chinese is far from modern times and the language expression is quite different from vernacular Chinese, students have some difficulties in reading. According to the students' reality, Mr. Zheng takes reading as the foundation and runs the "reading" training through the whole teaching process. Through various forms of reading, such as free reading, finger reading, example reading, teacher-student cooperation reading, creating situational reading, reciting and so on. Students can not only master the skills of reading classical Chinese, but also read the text correctly and fluently, laying the foundation for internalizing the understanding of the text. In particular, the transformation of bamboo slips and the rendering of guqin music reproduce the artistic conception of the text, stimulate students' reading interest, improve their reading level, and let students feel the charm of classical Chinese.
2. Teaching according to law to cultivate learning ability
This article is the second classical Chinese for primary school students. "Let students know the learning methods of classical Chinese" is an important task of this course. In teaching, Mr. Zheng pays attention to the guidance of methods: in the text, he chooses three words which are quite different from ancient times to modern times-goodness, drum and piano. By understanding the meaning, he learns three commonly used methods of learning classical Chinese, such as linking context, combining notes and combining materials, and initially feels the most obvious difference between classical Chinese and modern Chinese, that is, almost every word in ancient Chinese fully expresses a meaning. Teachers also guide students to migrate their learning methods in the following "deskmate cooperative autonomous learning" link, and draw inferences from others to consolidate their application. It laid the foundation for independent reading of classical Chinese in the future.
3. Pay attention to expression and feel the charm of Chinese.
The 77-word classical Chinese shows us the joys and sorrows of Boya bosom friends. It is difficult for students to find the conciseness of words and the exquisiteness of descriptions. In the design, Mr. Zheng guided students to understand the characteristics of sentence expression and the method of general description by means of "cooperative reading between teachers and students", "sentence comparison" and "going straight to the subject", and further realized the function and effect of this writing method. Make students feel the charm of language expression and learn to use language while understanding the content of the text.
Fourth, cooperate and explore, and implement the dominant position.
Senior students have accumulated some knowledge, mastered general reading methods and have strong self-study ability. In the preliminary understanding of the meaning of the text, Mr. Zheng optimized the classroom structure and learning methods according to the students' ability foundation and learning needs, and adopted the mode of "prompt method, preliminary understanding-finding problems, group research-classroom communication, and * * * improving together" to guide students to think independently, cooperate in groups and learn independently. In communication, teachers timely grasp the problems that students can't really solve and pay attention to them, so that teaching is based on learning. In this process, since the enlightenment, a student, complacent, cooperative and mutual assistance, and common progress, thus realizing his main position.
5. Guide the query and understand the editing intention.
"Reading teaching is a dialogue process among students, teachers, textbook editors and texts." "Dialogue with textbook editors" is the most easily overlooked point in Chinese teaching at present, and it is an important link to grasp the teaching direction and accurately locate the teaching objectives. Teacher Zheng made an all-round interpretation of the textbook and understood the editor's intention. Position the theme of this lesson around the unit theme "Taste the artistic charm". One is a high-ranking guqin player and composer Xian, and the other is a woodcutter with a hat, hemp fiber and axe. What brought them together? This question is to guide students to understand the artistic charm of "music". It reflects the editor's intention and returns to the theme of the unit.