1. Zhizhang: He Zhizhang, a native of Yongxing, Yuezhou (now Xiaoshan, Zhejiang), served as an official to secretary supervisor. He is wild and unrestrained in nature and calls himself "Si Ming Kuang Ke", also known as "Secretary Outer Supervisor". When he saw Li Bai in Chang'an, he called him "the banished immortal" and took off the golden tortoise he was wearing in exchange for wine and drank heavily. These two sentences describe He Zhizhang riding a horse after being drunk, swaying like a boat. Drunk and blinded, he fell into the well without realizing it, and simply fell asleep at the bottom of the well. This is an exaggeration to describe his drunken state.
2. Ruyang: Li Jing, King of Ruyang, nephew of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty. Chaotian: meeting the emperor. This means that Li entered the court after drinking heavily. Koji. Liquor truck. Transfer: Change of fiefdom. Jiuquan: The name of the county in present-day Jiuquan County, Gansu Province. Legend has it that there is a spring under the county city that tastes like wine. Hence the name Jiuquan.
3. Left Prime Minister: Refers to Zuo Prime Minister Li Shizhi. In August of the first year of Tianbao (742), he became Zuo Prime Minister. In April of Five Years (746), Li Linfu squeezed out the prime minister. Long whale: whale. The ancients believed that whales could drink water from hundreds of rivers, so it was used to describe Li Shizhi's drinking capacity. Holding the cup: Greedy for drinking. Saint: the name for wine. "Three Kingdoms·Wei Zhi·Xu Miao Biography": Shangshu Lang Xu Miao was drunk, and Zhao Dal, the school official, came to ask about something, and Miao said that he was "a sage". Dafu sued Cao Cao, and Cao Cao was angry. Xian Yufu explained: "Drunks on weekdays call those with clear wine a saint, and those with turbid wine a wise man." After Li Shi dismissed the prime minister, he wrote a poem saying: "When I first dismissed the prime minister, I was happy." The Holy One holds the cup. I want to ask the guests at the door, how many of them are here today? "This uses Li Zhi's poem to say that even though he is no longer in office, he is still drinking as usual.
4. Zongzhi: Cui Zongzhi, the son of Cui Rongzhi, the Minister of Civil Affairs, inherited the title of Duke of Qi from his father, served as an official and censor, and was also a friend of Li Bai. 觞: Large wine glass. White Eyes: Jin Ruan Ji can be said to have blue eyes and white eyes. He looks at friends with blue eyes and looks at ordinary people with white eyes. The jade tree faces the wind: Cui Zongzhi is so beautiful that he uses the jade tree as a metaphor.
5. Su Jin: Jinshi during the Kaiyuan period. He was the minister of the Ministry of Hubu and the Ministry of Personnel. Changzhai: fasting for a long time. Embroidered Buddha: Painted Buddha statue. Escape from Zen: This refers to not observing Buddhist precepts. Buddhism abstains from drinking alcohol. Su Jin Changzhai believed in Buddhism, but was addicted to alcohol, so he was called "escape Zen".
6. Li Bai was famous for his heavy drinking and quick thinking in writing. He often used wine to help his poems flourish. "New Book of Tang: Biography of Li Bai" records: Li Bai went to Chang'an in response to the imperial edict, and Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty summoned him to meet him at the Jinluan Hall. He gave him food, made spoons himself, and ordered him to be enshrined in the Imperial Academy. Once, Xuanzong called him to write a poem with music in Chenxiang Pavilion, but he got drunk in a Chang'an wine shop. Fan Chuanzheng's "Li Bai's New Tombstone" records: Xuanzong went boating to Bailiandi and summoned Li Bai to write an article. At this time, Li Bai was drunk in the Hanlin Academy, so Xuanzong ordered Gao Lishi to help him get on the boat to see him.
7. Zhang Xu: A native of Wu, a famous calligrapher in the Tang Dynasty. He was good at cursive calligraphy and was known as the "Sage of Cursive Calligraphy" at that time. Take off your hat and reveal your top: Write about Zhang Xu’s wild and uninhibited drunkenness. It is said that whenever Zhang Xu was drunk, he would often run around shouting, swiping his pen, and even writing with Guan Momo ink. After waking up, I looked at the handwriting and thought it was magical and could not be recovered. Known as "Zhang Dian" in the world.
8. Jiao Sui: A commoner with unknown deeds. Zhuoran: He looks full of energy.
This poem was probably written by Du Fu when he first arrived in Chang'an in the fifth year of Tianbao reign (746). Historically, it is said that Li Bai, He Zhizhang, Li Shizhi, Li Jing, Cui Zongzhi, Su Jin, Zhang Xu and Jiao Sui were all good at drinking, and they were called the "Eight Immortals of Wine". Although they all stayed in Chang'an, they were not all in Chang'an at the same time. Du Fu connected them from the perspective of "drinking", which was all retrospective. This poem is also an innovation in genre. Every sentence rhymes, and one rhymes to the end; there is no need to start before, and there is no need to close after; eight people are written side by side, and the number of sentences is uneven, but the beginning, end, and middle waist each use two sentences, or three or four before and after, and they are still changing. Be organized. Among the eight, He Zhizhang is the oldest (41 years older than Li Bai), so he is placed first. Other titles range from princes and prime ministers to commoners. The eight people's drunkenness has its own characteristics. It uses the technique of cartoon sketch to describe their life drunkenness, which fully expresses their drunkenness and bohemian character, and vividly reproduces the optimistic and unrestrained attitude of the literati and officials in the heyday of the Tang Dynasty. Mental outlook. "Poems of the Tang and Song Dynasties" quoted Li Yindu as saying: "There is no beginning or tail, the structure is abrupt, and the wonderful thing is that the narrative does not involve discussion, and the identities of the eight people appear by themselves, which is also the history of Sima Taishi in Fengya." "Du Shi Jingquan" quoted Li Zide: "Like an ode or a compliment, one or two words can tell the story of a person's life.