An autumn night in the mountains (Wang Wei)
The empty mountain after the rain stands in the autumn evening.
Moonlight in the pine forest, crystal stone in the stream.
Bamboo whispers that the laundry girl returns, and the lotus leaves bend in front of the fishing boat.
My friend's prince, what does it matter if spring is over and you are still here? .
This poem was written by the poet when he lived in seclusion in the south or in Wangchuan, describing the charming scenery and intoxicating mood at dusk after the autumn rain. The realm of poetry is clear and transparent, exquisitely carved, like autumn water, full of rich flavor of life. This poem endows the poet with noble feelings and persistent pursuit of ideal life.
The first couplet focuses on the whole, outlines the seasons, points out the realm, and gives people an immersive and refreshing feeling. The words "empty mountain", "new rain" and "late autumn" are easy to arouse people's association, and between the lines are filled with quiet Shan Ye environment, freshness after new rain, coolness in autumn and tranquility day and night. Nor is it the so-called emptiness and nothingness of Zen. Combined with the whole poem, "empty mountain" contains the following four meanings: First, it refers to the lush trees in the mountain, which cover up the traces of people's activities, as Wang Wei's "Chai Lu" said, "there seems to be no one on the empty mountain, but I think I hear a voice"; The second is to stay away from the hubbub and be inaccessible. "No one knows foreign affairs in the cave, but outsiders only see empty mountains and thick clouds" (Peach Blossom Garden) is like a paradise, independent from the world, happy and pleasant; Third, it refers to the early days of Shan Yu, when everything was new, Yin Hui was radiant and the world was shining. What is presented to the poet is an empty and brilliant picture; The four fingers are empty but not empty, static but not static, full of vitality and full of fun, because there are singing and laughing in the mountains, fishing boats singing at night, the bright moon shining high and clear springs gurgling. It can be seen that the empty mountain after the rain brings people vitality and fun instead of loneliness, loneliness, silence and death.
The couplets are mainly trivial, with elaborate brushwork, dynamic and static combination, and light and color set each other off, creating a charming world that is elegant and refined, beautiful and ethereal. Pine and cypress are covered, graceful and pure; Pine leaves are like needles, green and dripping; The water droplets are small and shiny; The shadows of the trees are mottled, the moonlight is bright, and the scattered stars cover the mountains like fine silver wires, giving people a dreamlike and ecstatic feeling. The word "Zhao" is different from the word "Xie" Zhu Ziqing's Moonlight on the Lotus Pond wrote moonlight: "Moonlight is like running water, quietly pouring on this leaf and flower." With "Xie", the moonlight is like water. It also guides readers to pay attention to the tranquility, brightness and ethereality of the pine forest bathed in moonlight. If the first sentence focuses on the beautiful scenery of the pine forest under the moon, then the second sentence describes the lively vitality of the stream under the moon. You see: the mountain spring is flowing and crisp; The moon reflects the stream, pure as practice; The running water is clear and crystal clear; The stream is winding and lively. In the face of this quiet, clean and ethereal mountain spring, I can't wait to moisten the vicissitudes of life with a stream of mountains and moons, pick a wisp of clear sound and sing the waves of my heart. The word "Liu" is full of charm, which is quite similar to the charm of Liu Zongyuan's Story of Little Stone Pond, and it also guides people to appreciate streams or water stones.
Necklace has expanded a step, entered the personnel life, appeared in the unique situation of dusk in the mountains, showing charming colors. The above sentence is about girls: a group of naive peasant girls come back from washing clothes and go together; They frolic, smile, wake up the sleeping mountain forest, activate the quiet vitality, and the silvery laughter echoes in the deep and empty bamboo forest. The following sentence reads: Fisherman: A few boats are full of glory, and they come home with lotus leaves in their eyes, knocking over countless crystal drops. This situation is enviable, and I want to shake the boat full of harvest joy to meet another quiet and beautiful night; How I wish I could sing a pool of crisp fishing boat songs and bid farewell to another sunset. Whether it is a girl or a fisherman, the poet only hears the noise in the bamboo forest but can't see people, only sees the shaking of lotus leaves but can't see the boat. It is conceivable that people are actually wrapped in such a lush green world because of the dense and deep bamboo forest. What a touching sight! In addition, we have every reason to assume that people living in this paradise are hardworking, simple and noble; Live and work in peace and contentment; Sincere and natural, it is no wonder that poets in the late Qing Dynasty sincerely lamented that "Wang Sun" could stay.
Tail couplet skillfully uses Chu Ci? The last sentence of "Recruit Hermits" says: "When the king returns, he can't stay in the mountains for long." The original intention was to recruit Wang as an official, but Wang Wei used his intention to form a good structure and added unlimited benefits. "Spring fragrance is at will, Junyou, what are you doing here? "Chunfang died of natural causes, but she was as charming as before, so" Wang "didn't have to leave. "Mountain" is better than the world, pure and ethereal, and can stay away from worldly triviality and cultivate temperament. The poet's fascination with life in the mountains is vividly on the paper. In addition, the author's ideological interest can be seen from the images used in the whole poem. The moon is bright, pure and empty; Pine, a graceful and pure plant; A faint spring, gurgling; Dense bamboo, straight and upright; Zhuo Zhuo is clean, dirty but not dirty; ..... These are leisurely, elegant and noble images in traditional poems, from which it is not difficult to see Wang Wei's obsession with ideal life.