original text
Get the world, then avoid it. Huang Qi Shangshan, Iraqis also died.
Immersed in the trace, the path is destroyed. I am destined to farm, and I will rest from where I am.
Mulberry and bamboo hanging in the shade, millet preparing art; Spring silkworms collect silk, and autumn ripe silkworms are taxed.
The deserted road warms the traffic, and chickens and dogs bark at each other. Cowpea is ancient, but clothes are not new.
Children and children sing vertically, and the classroom is full of joy. Grass glory knows peace, and wood decay knows strength.
Although there is no Ji Lizhi, he is four years old. When you are happy, why bother with wisdom?
Strange traces hide 500, and once a fairy opens them. Pure and thin are different sources, rotating or hidden.
Excuse me, travel alchemist, how to measure the hubbub? I am willing to talk in the breeze and hold high to find my contract.
translate
The king of Qin was tyrannical and chaotic, and wise men avoided him. Sihao lives in seclusion in Shangshan, and some people hide here.
The traces of the past have disappeared, and the journey here has been abandoned. Ask * * * to farm together and go home to rest in the dark.
Mulberry trees shade and crops are planted according to solar terms. Spring silkworms cocoon and take silk, and autumn harvest is not taxed.
Grass blocked the traffic, and chickens and dogs in the village barked at each other. Sacrifice still follows ancient etiquette, and there is no new style of clothes.
The children danced love songs happily, and the old people relaxed happily. Grass and trees know spring in bloom, while withered grass and trees know cold.
Although there is no calendar to record the time, the four seasons have passed like this. Cheerfulness, relaxation and joy are endless, and there is no need to move wisdom.
Strange traces hidden for 500 years once opened a magical world. Thin and simple, different sources, hidden in the blink of an eye, nowhere to be found.
Excuse me, ordinary people in the world, do you know this miracle? I would like to fly high in the light clouds to find my bosom friend.
To annotate ...
① Winning: refers to Ying Zheng, Qin Shihuang. Celestial pole: the calendar of the sun, the moon and the stars refers to the normal social order.
② Huang Qi: the collective name of Huanggong Xia and Qiliji, among the Four Great Nobles of Shangshan in the early Han Dynasty. Here, we refer to "Shang Shan Si Hao".
③ Yi people: refers to people in Taoyuan Mountain. Yun: The auxiliary words in the sentence are meaningless. Death: If you leave, you will flee to the mountains.
(4) Traces: Traces left by people or horses and chariots. Yan (yān): Bury.
⑤ Fate: Ordering each other means greeting each other. Four. Dedication.
6 From: Follow. Rest: A place to rest.
⑦ (shū): beans. Xiaomi: cereal. Art: planting.
⑧ Mi (mǐ): No.
⑨ warmth (ài): shelter.
⑩ ⑼ (z ⒄) beans: ⑼ and beans. Two kinds of ritual vessels used to hold food in ancient sacrifices and banquets. It also refers to various ritual vessels.
Chang: In ancient times, clothes meant tops and skirts meant skirts. Later it also refers to clothes.
Children and children (rú): children.
Ban Bai: refers to gray hair. Class, through the "point". Yi (y): Play.
Festival and peace: Festival and harmony.
Calendar: calendar of year, month and day.
Creation background
This poem was written in Tao Yuanming's later years, about the third year of Song Yong in the Southern Dynasty (422). In June of the second year of Yuanxi (420), Emperor Wu of Song abolished Emperor Gong Jin as the king of Lingling and changed his title to "Yongchu". In the second year, Emperor Wu of Song plotted to kill Gong Jin with poisoned wine. These things have to stir up the waves of Tao Yuanming's thought. Starting from the inherent Confucian concept, he became dissatisfied with Emperor Wu of Song's regime and deepened his hatred of the real society. But he can't change or interfere with this situation, so he has to express his feelings with the help of creation, and create a beautiful realm opposite to the dirty and dark society, in order to entrust his political ideals and good interests. Peach Blossom Garden was written in this context.
Make an appreciative comment
Tao Yuanming wrote the Peach Blossom Garden in prose and poetry. "Peach Blossom Garden" mainly describes the fisherman's access to the Peach Blossom Garden and what he saw and heard there. Poetry of Peach Blossom Garden tells the peace and tranquility of people's lives in Peach Blossom Garden in a poet's tone. Taohuayuan's poems are rich in content, which is helpful to understand Tao Yuanming's intention and life ideal in describing Taohuayuan.
Peach Blossom Garden Poetry and Peach Blossom Garden Story both describe the same utopian ideal society, but they are not repeated. Peach Blossom Garden is a novel prose with twists and turns, novel plot, concrete characters, dialogues and descriptions. The language of Taohuayuan poems is relatively simple, and the situation of Taoyuan society is described in detail. "Peach Blossom Garden" takes the fisherman's experience as a clue to write what the fisherman saw and heard. The author's mood and attitude are hidden behind the words, while the poem of Peach Blossom Garden tells the historical state of Taoyuan directly and expresses his feelings and wishes directly. The two complement each other, which fully shows the ideological and aesthetic significance of Peach Blossom Garden.
Compared with Taohuayuan, Taohuayuan poetry is more specific and meticulous in some aspects. Peach Blossom Garden is limited to what fishermen have seen and heard. Fishermen have not stayed in Taohuayuan for a long time and have limited knowledge. Peach Blossom Garden poetry is more flexible and free, and it is also convenient for poets to express their feelings directly. Therefore, it is necessary to read Peach Blossom Spring and Peach Blossom Spring Poems.
Some people think that it is a negative retrogression to praise "ancient law" instead of "wisdom" in Taohuayuan's poems. This is not really understanding the original intention of the poet's writing. The so-called "ancient law", although a kind of sustenance, expresses the simple yearning for ancient society, rather than reversing history; The so-called "why use wisdom" is actually an expression of hatred and negation of intrigue and intrigue in secular life. As pointed out by predecessors, Tao Yuanming is a person who is "interested in the world" and "wants to do what he can't do". He has his own ideals and regrets that cannot be realized, which are the essence of his thoughts.
Brief introduction of the author
Tao Yuanming (365-427) was a poet, ci writers and essayist in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. A latent and vivid figure, a private and quiet festival. Xunyang Chaisang (now Jiujiang, Jiangxi) was born. Jin Shu and Song Shu both called him the great-grandson of Tao Kan. He once served as a wine offering ceremony in Jiangzhou, joined the army in Zhenjun, and was with Peng. Later, he retired and left his career. Good at poetry and prose. Poetry often describes the rural scenery and their life in the countryside, which often implies the disgust of dirty officialdom, the spirit of unwilling to go with the flow and the yearning for a peaceful society; I also wrote about my anxiety about the shortness of life, and my philosophy of conforming to nature and being happy, which is more philosophical. Its artistic features are both dull and bright; The language is simple and natural, but it is quite concise and unique in style. There is Tao Yuanming's collection.