The origin of teapot is in Yixing, Jiangsu, so it is also called Yixing teapot. The founder of the teapot was Gong Chun during Zheng Dejiajing's reign in the Ming Dynasty. "I studied under Zuquan Shigong, studied in Nanshan, and brought a boy's name for Spring. I saw the natives make jars out of mud, which is as clear as a pot, very beautiful and lovely. The so-called pot is spring. " (Wu Meiding: "Preface to Yangxian Porcelain Pot")
The history of teapots:
The Tang and Song Dynasties was the peak in the history of tea culture in China, while the Ming Dynasty was another peak in the history of tea drinking in China. Zisha pot began in the Northern Song Dynasty and flourished in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Poets in the Northern Song Dynasty, such as Mei, Ouyang Xiu and Su Dongpo, all wrote poems about teapots. The earliest literature about teapots can be found in the Poems of Two Houses written by Mei, a scholar in the Northern Song Dynasty.
Mei Yao Chen's "Yi Yun and Du Xianggong Xie Cai Send Tea": "The small stone cold spring stays for the first taste, and the new purple mud is full of spring flowers". The "new purple mud" in the poem is considered to be the earliest record of the arrival of purple sand pottery in the pottery culture hall. Later, the great poet Su Dongpo lived in seclusion in Yixing.
I personally designed a purple sand pottery teapot with a beam, making tea and enjoying myself, which is called "three unique skills of drinking tea". Later generations named this style of hanging beam pot "Dongpo pot", which has been used ever since.
In the Yuan Dynasty, the firing technology of teapot developed to a certain extent, and lettering began on teapot. In the Yuan Dynasty, teapots were used to make tea.
It was not until the Ming Dynasty that the teapot really flourished, especially in Yixing. The teapot has also entered the field of arts and crafts from daily necessities. In the Ming Dynasty, Yixing's purple sand craft was in its heyday and unprecedented prosperity. In the Ming dynasty, teapot flourished and matured, and celebrities came forth in large numbers. During the Wanli period, the famous artists were HanDong, Zhao Liang, Chang Yuan and Shi Peng, who were called "Four Great Masters".
After the "Four Masters", there is also Li Yangxin, who is also a famous artist in Wanli. He is good at making small round pots, which are simple and colorful and are called "famous dramas" in the world. Shi Dabin is the best in Ming Dynasty, and his works are simple and elegant, with the characteristics of "coarse sand, ancient quality and even quality", which indicates the maturity of the art of teapot.
Extended data:
Origin of teapot:
It is generally believed that the founder of teapot was Zheng De in Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty. "I studied under Zuquan Shigong, studied in Nanshan, and brought a boy's name for Spring. I saw the natives make jars out of mud, which is as clear as a pot, very beautiful and lovely. The so-called pot is spring. " (Wu Meiding: "Preface to Yangxian Porcelain Pot") At that time, people praised "deep chestnut color, such as ancient and modern iron, and fat Zhou Zheng.
"Just 12 is like seeing its pot. Unfortunately, I haven't seen the pot in spring yet. A replica of Gu Jingzhou, a contemporary Yixing Zisha master, costs about HK$ 600,000, which shows how precious the artistic value of the spring pot is.
Pass on Shi Dabin as Spring. Together with Shi Dabin's disciples Xu Youquan and Li Zhongfang, they are called the three "wonderful flowers" of purple sand in Ming Dynasty after Wanli. Shi Dabin's teapot is elegant and refined, and its shape is smooth and smart. Although it does not pursue exquisite carving, it is ingenious, simple and elegant and wonderful.
Tea-making effect:
1, the tea fragrance is rich and lasting. The teapot mouth is small, the lid is tight, and the inner wall of the teapot is rough, which can effectively prevent the premature loss of fragrance. The purple sand teapot is used for a long time, and there is a layer of brown-red tea rust hanging on the inner wall. The longer it is used, the more tea rust accumulates on the inner wall, so the more alcohol Yufangxin is added to the tea soup after making tea.
Long-term use of purple sand teapot, even if you don't put tea leaves, just pour boiling water, still exudes attractive fragrance, which is beyond the reach of ordinary tea sets.
2, teapot tea, heat preservation time is long. Because there are many small bubbles inside the pot wall, which are filled with stagnant air and are poor conductors of heat, the teapot has good thermal insulation performance;
3, make tea with a teapot, and it is not easy to hold. The linear expansion coefficient of teapot is slightly higher than that of porcelain teapot, so there is no glaze stress. There is little glass after the teapot is fired, which is enough to overcome the sudden change caused by the temperature difference between hot and cold, so the heat transfer is slow.
Purple sand teapot has excellent adaptability to sudden changes in heat and cold. Even if it is cooked at the high temperature of Baidu, it will soon fall into the ice and snow below zero and will not burst.
4, the teapot is not glazed inside and outside, keeping tiny pores, with good air permeability, but impermeable and strong adsorption, which is incomparable to ordinary teapot. It can keep the aromatic oil in tea volatile when heated to form fragrance, improve the acidity in the later stage of tea soup, and play a role in convergence and sterilization. Therefore, it can delay the deterioration of tea slightly, and the so-called "staying in summer without deterioration" is the truth.
Baidu encyclopedia-teapot