Regrets from conquering people
Liu Zhongyong
Every year the Jinhe River returns to the Jade Pass, and the horses and swords are ringed ①.
In the third spring ② the white snow returns to the green tomb ③ and the thousands of miles of Yellow River circles the Black Mountains.
Notes: ① Knife ring: the copper ring on the handle of the knife, ② Sanchun refers to late spring ③ Qingzhong is the tomb of Wang Zhaojun in the Western Han Dynasty. It is in today's Hohhot City and was considered to be a place far away from the Central Plains at that time. A very remote and desolate place. Legend has it that the grass outside the Great Wall is white, but the grass on Zhaojun's tomb is green, so it is called Qingzhong.
(1) This is a frontier battle poem. The golden river returns to the Jade Pass every year. What expression techniques are used for the horse strategy and the sword ring? Please give a brief analysis (3 points)
(2) The title of this poem is to complain about others, but there is no word of resentment in the whole poem. You can return to the green tombs from the white snow in the spring, and the thousands of miles of Yellow River surrounds the Black Mountains. In these two poems Taste the grievances of those who set off for the expedition? (3 points)
Reference answers
(1) Metaphorism. The names of the Jinhe and Yuguan frontier fortresses refer to the border gates, the horses and sword rings are horse whips, and the copper rings on the handles refer to the military career (war or war). In addition, the dynasty every year shows that the conscripts frequently changed defenses and guarded the border for a long time. The disgust (resentment) of war (training and preparing for war) (the battles are neat and tidy, facing each other year after year, dynasty and dynasty, emphasizing the long time of guarding the border, Jinhe and Yuguan, horse strategies and swords and rings at the same time, emphasizing the frequent wars, compound words, and function words) In contrast, it emphasizes the monotony and hardship of the frontier life, expressing the helpless boredom of the Zhengren)
(2) The white snow in the three springs refers to the snow falling in the late spring of the frontier fortress, expressing the Zhengren's resentment towards the extremely cold weather in the frontier fortress. What Zhengren sees every day is the thousands of miles of Yellow River surrounding the Black Mountains, which expresses Zhengren's resentment towards the monotonous scenery and harsh environment of the frontier fortress.
Analysis
(1) Question analysis: This question tests the expression techniques of poetry. When answering, you should first point out the techniques and then analyze them in detail. The first two sentences just record events, and they say: year after year, running east and west, going to and from border towns; day after day, galloping horses and crossing swords, fighting endlessly. These two sentences are relative to each other year after year, and the Jinhe, Yuguan, horses, swords and rings are used simultaneously. They use the technique of metonym, and add the words "complex" and "and" to give people a sense of monotony and hardship, endlessness, and resentment naturally reveals. The first two sentences, from Sui Sui to Chao Chao, seem to have said everything. However, to Zheng Ren, who was filled with resentment, this was just a side story. He not only felt the ever-present resentment from the endless time, but also felt the omnipresence of resentment from the scene he saw, so he wrote three or four more sentences.
Test point: Appreciate the image, language and expression skills of literary works. The ability level is Appreciation Evaluation D.
(2) Question analysis: This question tests the emotions expressed in the poems and should be analyzed in conjunction with the images in the poems and the content of the poems. It was late spring when "White Snow Returned to the Green Tomb" was written in the third spring. Outside the bitter cold of the Great Wall, the spring scenery had not yet been seen. All that could be seen was the white snow falling towards the Green Tomb. The killing is so depressing. The Thousand Miles of Yellow River winds around the Black Mountains to describe the landscape of the frontier fortress: the surging Yellow River bypasses the sinking Black Mountains and then rushes forward again. These two sentences describing scenery seem to have nothing to do with the title of the poem. In fact, they are common scenes and places where soldiers often walk. Therefore, from the two pictures of white snow and green tombs and the black mountains of the Yellow River, readers not only see the bitter cold and the coldness of the military places. In the desolation, you can also feel the hardship of the conscripts and their trek. Although the poem does not directly express resentment, the resentment contained in it is enough to make people feel angry.
Test points: Evaluate the ideological content of literary works and the author’s opinions and attitudes. The ability level is Appreciation Evaluation D.
Appreciation
This is a widely read frontier poem. There are four sentences in the whole poem, one sentence and one scene. On the surface, they seem to be unrelated, but in fact they are unified with the image of Zhengren. They all revolve around the word resentment.
The first two sentences are about remembering events, and they say: year after year, running east and west, going to and from border towns; day after day, galloping horses and crossing swords, fighting endlessly. Jinhe is in the east and Yumenguan is in the west. They are far apart, but they are both frontiers. Although the horses and sword rings are small and insignificant, they are typical for expressing military life and are enough to trigger a series of associations with conquests. These two sentences face each other year after year, with golden rivers and jade gates, horses, swords, and rings. They are also compounded with the characters "and", which fully expresses the endless hardships of monotonous life in the border areas, and the boredom is naturally revealed.
The first two sentences, from Sui Sui to Chao Chao, seem to have said everything. However, for Zheng Ren, who was full of resentment, this was just a side story. He not only felt the ever-present resentment from the endless time, but also felt the omnipresence of resentment from the scene he saw, so he wrote three or four more sentences.
It was late spring, but there was no spring scenery outside the bitter cold Great Wall. All that could be seen was the white snow falling towards the green tomb, showing a desolate and desolate scene. The last sentence describes the landscape of the frontier fortress: the roaring Yellow River, bypassing the sunken black mountains, and then rushing forward again. The Yellow River and the Black Mountains are far apart, so it's hard to understand them. The previous sentence talks about Qingzhong, and the word "Zheng" here reminds people of the Black Mountain near Qingzhong, and uses a winding word to connect it, expressing lingering resentment. These two sentences describing scenery seem to have nothing to do with the title of the poem. In fact, they are common scenes and places where soldiers often walk. Therefore, the two pictures of white snow and green tombs and the Yellow River and black mountains both show the coldness and desolation of the military places. , also shows the hardships of the conscripts' journey to fight. Although the poem does not directly express resentment, the resentment contained in it has the power to stir the heart.
There is not a single word of resentment in this poem, but resentment is everywhere.
The poet grasped the reasons for the resentment and wrote from both the time and space, allowing the military life of the dynasty and the natural scenery of the white snow in the spring and the black mountains of the Yellow River to speak from his own experience. The artistic effect of "Twenty-Four Poems"). The precision and neatness of this poem have always been praised. Not only do each line of the poem match itself (such as Jinhe vs. Jade Pass in the first sentence), but the two couplets also form a pair. The contrast in the latter couplet is particularly particular: the pair of numbers (thirty thousand) and the pair of colors (white, green, yellow and black) appear in the same couplet at the same time; the colors are in the middle, and the four colors complement each other, making the image of the poem rich in color beauty; the verb returns The round and round movements are slightly anthropomorphic and appear to have a unique charm. Such finely crafted quatrains are indeed rare.