From The Hongmen Banquet, it is a historical biography created by Sima Qian, a historian and writer of the Han Dynasty, and is selected from Historical Records of Xiang Yu. After the demise of the Qin Dynasty (206 BC), the leaders of two anti-Qin armies, Xiang Yu and Liu Bang, held a banquet in Hong Men on the outskirts of Xianyang, the capital of Qin Dynasty. ?
The full text (excerpt) is as follows:
Xiang Yu was furious and said, "I am willing to fight for the soldiers in order to defeat Pei Gong's army!" " At that time, Xiang Yu had 400,000 soldiers in Xinfeng Hong Men and Pei Gong had100,000 soldiers in Bawang. Fan Zeng said that Xiang Yu said, "When Pei Gong lived in Shandong, he was greedy for money and loved Maggie. Today, when I entered the customs, I didn't get anything. The woman was lucky. This is not a small ambition. I let people have a look, they are all dragons and tigers, and they are all five episodes. This son of heaven is also angry. Don't lose it. "
The translation is as follows:
Xiang Yu was very angry and said, "Reward the soldiers tomorrow and defeat Liu Bang's army for me!" At that time, Xiang Yu's army was 400 thousand, in Xinfeng Hong Men; Liu bang's army is 100 thousand, which is a hegemony.
Fan Zeng advised Xiang Yu: "When Pei Gong was in the east of Xiaoshan, he was greedy for money and goods and loved beautiful women. Now that he has entered the customs, he doesn't plunder property or have a crush on women, which shows that he is ambitious. I asked people to go there to see the clouds, all in the shape of dragons and tigers and colorful. This is the cloud of the son of heaven! Attack quickly and don't miss the opportunity. "
Extended data:
Sima Qian's stepfather was Taishi Gong in the third year of Yuanfeng (BC 108), and he began to write Taishi Gong Shu (hereinafter referred to as Historical Records) in the first year of Shu Tai (BC 104).
Later, he was arrested and imprisoned for defending Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty for the defeat and surrender of Li Ling, and was convicted of corruption, which caused great physical and mental trauma. After he was released from prison, he worked as a secretary and continued to finish his history books with humiliation and enthusiasm. In about two years (9 1 year ago), the book was finally compiled and revised. There are * * * 130 copies, the seventh of which is Biography of Xiang Yu.
As the arch-rival of Liu Bang, the founding father of the Han Dynasty, Xiang Yu once competed with Liu Bang for the world. The attitudes of emperors in the Han Dynasty towards Xiang Yu were more derogatory than positive. Sima Qian is different.
Yang Xiong's "Fa Yan" says: "The teacher moves, saying it is recorded." "My son loves more and loves strange things." It is precisely because of Sima Qian's spirit of "recording the truth" and his thought of "loving strangeness" that he created the image of Xiang Yu with distinct personality, which does not regard success or failure as a hero. The Hongmen Banquet was an important node in Xiang Yu's life, so Sima Qian reproduced this event in a colorful way.
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