Wang Wei [Tang Dynasty]
the woods have stored the rain, and slow comes the smoke, steaming quinoa and cooking millet to pay tribute to Dongmao.
over the quiet marsh-land flies a white egret, and mango-birds are singing in the full summer trees.
I have learned to watch in peace the mountain morning glories, to eat split dewy sunflower-seeds under a bough of pine.
to yield the post of honour to any boor at all, why should I frighten sea gulls, even with a thought?.
in my lodge at wang chuan after a long rain, a masterpiece of Wang Wei's pastoral poems, was selected into Three Hundred Poems of Tang Dynasty compiled by Sun Zhu, a retired scholar in Heng Tang in Qing Dynasty.
Wangchuan Village, in the Zhongnanshan Mountain in Lantian, Shaanxi, is the secluded place of Wang Wei. "Biography of Wang Wei in the Old Tang Dynasty" records: "All Uighur brothers worship Buddhism, live in vegetables, and don't eat blood. In their later years, they grow fast and don't wear clothes." In this poem, the poet combines his elegant and light Zen life with the quiet and beautiful pastoral scenery of Wangchuan, creating an artistic conception of harmony between things and me.
"the woods have stored the rain, and slow comes the smoke, steamed quinoa and cooked millet are paid for." Chenopodium album: a kind of herb, which can be eaten by young leaves and new seedlings. Chi: land that has been cultivated for one year, which generally refers to fields. The first couplet said that after several days of rain, Ran Ran, a kitchen smoke, rose in a village with sparse trees. The cooked coarse tea and plain rice are given to those who work in the village east.
The first poem about the life of the Tian family is what the poet observed on the mountain: it is rainy season, the sky is overcast and wet, the air is moist, the smoke rises slowly over the quiet jungle, and the farmers at the foot of the mountain are cooking. The woman steamed quinoa to cook millet, prepared the food, and took it to Dongmao-Dongtiantou, where the men went to work early in the morning. As far as the poet can see, he writes the fireworks in the empty forest first, and the word "late" not only vividly describes the smoke in the kitchen on rainy days, but also reveals the poet's idle and comfortable state of mind; Then, we write about the peasant cooking early, paying for the field and having a picnic in the field, showing a series of pictures of people's activities, which are orderly and full of life breath, making people want to see the happy mood of the peasant woman Fu Tian.
"over the quiet marsh-land flies a white egret, and mango-birds are singing in the full summer trees." Zhuan Lian means that a line of egrets flies away in the vast and flat paddy field; In the lush Woods near the field came the euphemistic cry of orioles.
The natural scenery written by Zhuan Lian is also the result of the poet's contemplation: Look, on the vast and empty flat land full of stagnant water, egrets take off, and their attitude is so quiet and chic; Listen, far and near, in the deep and beautiful forest, orioles sing with each other, and their voices are so sweet. In the summer of Wangchuan, birds are flying, and the poet only chooses orioles and egrets with very different shapes and habits, and describes them in connection with their respective backgrounds: snow-white egrets and golden orioles have their own differences in colors visually; Egrets fly, orioles are tactfully. One is dynamic, the other is sound; "Desert" describes the wide distribution of paddy fields and the vast field of vision; "Yinyin" depicts a dense summer wood with a deep realm. The two scenes set off each other and cooperate with each other, making the rainy weather in Wangchuan Shan Ye full of meaning. The so-called "painting in poetry" is a good example.
"I have learned to watch in peace the mountain morning glories, to eat split dewy sunflower-seeds under a bough of pine." Hibiscus: Hibiscus, a deciduous shrub, blooms in summer and autumn, and withers at dusk. The ancients thought it was a symbol of impermanence in life. Dew sunflower: that is, green sunflower, a green vegetable, can be cooked to accompany meals. Neck tie means that I cultivate my self in the mountains and watch the morning and evening of the morning; Eating vegetable food in Panasonic, and not eating meat with dew-folded sunflower.
The poet lived alone in an empty mountain, secluded under a pine forest, and realized that life was short by participating in hibiscus, picking dew sunflower for vegetarian food. This sentiment, in the eyes of the general world, is too lonely? However, poets who have long been tired of the hustle and bustle of the world have enjoyed great interest in it. Compared with the vanity fair that has been disturbing and cheating, what a world!
"to yield the post of honour to any boor at all, why should I frighten sea gulls, even with a thought??" Tail couplet means that I am already a person who has retired from the officialdom chasing fame and fortune, and why should gulls suspect me?
Yezong always calls himself a poet. The poet declared with pleasure: I have long since forgotten my mind, abandoned my vulgar thoughts, followed my fate, and stood out from the rest of the world. Who else will suspect me for no reason? Ordinary people can almost avoid worldly troubles and indulge in the joy of mountains and forests. "Zhuangzi Miscellaneous Fables" contains: Yang Zhu went to learn Taoism from Laozi, and the innkeeper welcomed him on the way, and all the guests gave him their seats; After returning from school, the tourists no longer give up their seats, but compete with him for seats, which shows that Yang Zhu has learned the way of nature and has no separation with people. Liezi Huangdi contains: Some people at sea are close to gulls and don't suspect each other. One day, his father asked him to take the seagull home. When he went to the seaside again, the seagull flew far away, and his close relationship with the seagull was destroyed by his ulterior motives. These two allusions, which are full of colors of Laozi and Zhuangzi, are combined to express the poet's indifferent natural state of mind. And this state of mind is the result of "fasting" and "quiet" written by Shanglian.
This seven-melody poem, with vivid images and far-reaching interests, shows the poet's leisure to live in seclusion in the mountains and get rid of worldly customs. It is the representative work of Wang Wei's pastoral poems. In the past, some people pushed it into the pressure of the seven laws of the whole Tang Dynasty, saying that it was the extreme of "empty the past and accurate the present", which was of course out of the preference of feudal literati. However, some people think that "elegant and quiet is better than You Cheng's" Accumulated Rain ",and appreciate the profound artistic conception and superb style of this poem, and the artistic opinions are still good.