The four seasons of pastoral miscellany
Plums are golden and apricots are fat,
Wheat flowers, snow, cabbage and cauliflower are sparse.
No one passes through the fence during the long day,
Only dragonflies and butterflies fly.
Working in the fields during the day and harvesting hemp at night,
Every child in the village is in charge of his own family.
The children and grandchildren have not yet been raised for farming and weaving.
They also learn to grow melons near the mulberry tree.
Passing by my old friend Meng Haoran
My old friend brought chicken and millet and invited me to Tian's house.
Lvshu Village is close to the edge,
Qingshan Guo is sloping outside.
Open the Xuan noodle garden,
Wine and talk about Sangma.
On the Double Ninth Festival,
I will come back to see chrysanthemums.
Visit Shanxi Village [Song Dynasty] Lu You
Moxiao’s farmhouse is full of cured wine,
In good years, there are enough chickens and dolphins to visit.
There is no way out despite the mountains and rivers.
There is another village with hidden flowers and bright flowers.
-Qingpingle·Village
Author: Xin Qiji
The eaves are low and small,
The grass on the stream is green.
Wu Yin is very charming when you are drunk.
Whose old lady is gray-haired?
The eldest son is hoeing beans to the east of the stream,
The middle son is weaving a chicken coop;
The most fond of children is scoundrels,
lying at the head of the stream Peel the lotus pods.
"Passing an Old Friend's Village" by Meng Haoran:
My old friend brought chicken and millet and invited me to Tian's house.
The green trees are adjacent to the village, and the green mountains and hills are sloping outside.
Open a dining room and chat over wine.
On the Double Ninth Festival, I will come to see chrysanthemums.
After the first couplet of the poem explains the cause of the incident, the first couplet describes the natural scenery the poet saw when he entered the village. The poet seems to have picked up common rural scenery at his fingertips, but deep skill and careful tempering can be seen in the plainness. These two sentences not only accurately and vividly describe the dense green trees beside the village, but also the sloping green hills outside the village, presenting us with a fresh and bright mountain village landscape; "The word "Green Trees Surrounding the Mountain Village, with Green Mountains Sloping across the Village" also embodies the look of the village outside. It seems that the natural scenery and the people in the mountain village are harmonious and dependent on each other. It is full of strong sentiment, full of intimacy and appeal.
The neck couplet describes the scene of the host and guest talking freely after entering the house. If the mandrel couplet depicts the general environment of the entire village, the neck couplet outlines the small environment of the old friend's farmhouse: outside is the threshing ground and vegetable garden, and indoors is the farmer's wine and food and farm talk, and a strong farm flavor is fully revealed. . Facing the typical farmhouse scenery outside the window and the sumptuous farmhouse meals in the house, the poet felt happy and joyful. In addition, the host and guest were acquainted with each other and had similar temperaments. They frequently raised glasses to drink and talked about mulberry and hemp. His mood was so happy and warm. The last couplet tells about the appointment in the future, which is deeply emotional. The human emotions, objects and scenery in the poem are all integrated into the sounds of nature.
Secondly, the landscapes, vegetation, birds and flowers described by the poet are not isolated, but constitute a harmonious whole, forming a picture full of life consciousness.
Let’s take a look at Du Fu’s poem-like painting - "Quatrains":
Chiri, the rivers and mountains are beautiful, and the spring breeze is fragrant with flowers and grass.
Swallows fly when the mud melts, and mandarin ducks sleep in the warm sand.
At the beginning of the poem, he writes from a broad perspective, describing the bright and beautiful spring scenery in the Huanhua River area under the bright sunshine in early spring. In the second sentence, the poet further uses the warm spring breeze, the first blooming flowers, and the lush grass to show the bright spring scenery. In the third sentence, the poet chooses the most common and characteristic dynamic scenery in early spring to outline. Spring is warm and flowers are blooming, the mud is melting and the soil is moist. Swallows, which are returning from autumn to spring, are busy flying around, carrying mud in their mouths and building nests. The fourth sentence outlines a static scene. The spring is melting, the sun is shining and the sand is warm. The mandarin ducks also want to enjoy the warmth of spring and sleep peacefully on the sandbank by the stream. Judging from the description of the scenery, this sentence contrasts with the dynamic flying swallows in the third sentence. The alternation of movement and stillness makes each other interesting. In the third and fourth sentences, the detailed descriptions of the flying swallows and the sleeping mandarin ducks are combined with the broad and bright scenery in the first and second sentences to make the whole picture harmonious and unified, forming a brightly colored and prosperous picture. , a beautiful scene of early spring, which reflects the poet's temporary peace of mind after a long period of ups and downs and wandering, and also expresses the poet's joyful feelings about the vitality and prosperity of nature in early spring.
Furthermore, and more importantly, all the landscapes written by the poet serve to express the emotions of the characters in them.
For example, Du Fu's short poem "Quatrain":
Quatrain
Two orioles sing in the green willows, and a row of egrets ascends to the blue sky.
The window contains Qianqiu snow of Xiling, and the door is docked with a ship thousands of miles away from Dongwu.
This is a short poem written by Du Fu after he learned that his old friend Yan Wu returned to Chengdu after the Anshi Rebellion was put down. The first couplet of the poem is a set of antithetical lines. There are many willows around the thatched cottage, and a pair of orioles are singing happily on the new green willow branches. It is a joyful scene, full of sound and color, forming a fresh and beautiful artistic conception. "Two orioles singing in the green willows", the birds are in pairs, showing a lively and festive atmosphere. The second sentence writes about the egret flying freely in the blue sky. These two sentences use four bright colors to form a gorgeous picture. There is also a description of the sound in the first sentence, which conveys a feeling of great joy.
The second couplet of the poem is also composed of antithetical sentences, and the upper sentence is about overlooking the snowy mountains through the window. The snow on the ridge does not melt all year round, so it accumulates "thousands of years of snow", and the snow-capped mountains can only be clearly seen on a sunny day when the air is clear. It is self-evident that the poet feels comfortable after seeing such a rare beauty. In the next sentence, when I look outside the door, I can see the boats moored on the riverside. River boats are very common, but "thousand-mile boats" have a profound meaning. Because they come from "Soochow". Years of war have hampered water and land transportation, and ships generally cannot sail thousands of miles. But after the war was calmed down and traffic was restored, he saw the ships from Soochow. How could the poet not feel happy? These two sentences refer to the vastness of space and the length of time. The poet is in the thatched cottage, but he has been thinking about thousands of years, and his vision is thousands of miles away. How broad his mind is
Four Seasons Pastoral Miscellaneous
p>The plums are golden and the apricots are fat,
The wheat flowers, snow and white cauliflower are sparse.
No one passes through the fence during the long day,
Only dragonflies and butterflies fly.
Working in the fields during the day and harvesting hemp at night,
The children of the village are each responsible for their own affairs.
The children and grandchildren have not yet been raised for farming and weaving.
They also learn to grow melons near the mulberry tree.
Passing by my old friend Meng Haoran
My old friend brought chicken and millet and invited me to Tian's house.
Lvshu Village is close to the edge,
Qingshan Guo is sloping outside.
Open the Xuan noodle garden,
Wine and talk about Sangma.
On the Double Ninth Festival,
I will come back to see chrysanthemums.
Visit Shanxi Village
[Song Dynasty] Lu You
Mo Xiao’s farmhouse is full of wax wine,
In good years, there are enough chickens and dolphins to visit.
There is no way out despite the mountains and rivers.
There is another village with hidden flowers and bright flowers.
-Qingpingle·Village
Author: Xin Qiji
The eaves are low and small,
The grass on the stream is green.
Wu Yin is very charming when you are drunk.
Whose old lady is white-haired?
The eldest son is hoeing beans to the east of the stream,
The middle son is weaving a chicken coop;
The most fond of children is scoundrels,
lying at the head of the stream Peel the lotus pods.
Wang Wei's Landscape Idyll
"Deer and Chai": No one can be seen in the empty mountain, but people's voices can be heard. Returning to the deep forest, the light shines on the moss again.
"Xinyiwu": There are hibiscus flowers at the end of the wood and red calyxes in the mountains. There is no one in the stream, and they are opening and closing one after another.
"Mountain Dwelling in Autumn": After the new rain in the empty mountains, autumn comes late. The bright moon shines among the pines, and the clear spring flows over the rocks. The bamboo noises return to Huan Nu, and the lotus moves off the fishing boat. The spring fragrance rests at will, and the king and grandson can stay.
"Birdsong Stream" The people are idle, the sweet-scented osmanthus falls, the night is quiet and the spring mountain is empty. The moonrise scares the mountain birds, and they sing in the spring stream.
A poem in "Weichuan Tianjia": The slanting light shines on the countryside, and the cattle and sheep return in the back alleys. The old man in the wild misses the shepherd boy and leans on his stick to wait for the thorn gate. The pheasants are flying and the wheat seedlings are showing, and the silkworms are sleeping and the mulberry leaves are sparse. The husband of the field came to work with his hoe, and they met each other and talked to each other. That is to say, this envy of leisure and relaxation, the song of sadness has faded away.
Tian Jiaxing
Author: Wang Jian
The male voice is happy and the female face is happy, and people don't complain about saying goodbye.
Although it is hot in May, the wheat wind is clear, and the eaves are ringing and the cars are humming.
Wild silkworms make cocoons that no one can take, and autumn moths flutter among the leaves.
When the wheat is harvested and the silk is on the axis, the officials know enough to lose.
Don’t look forward to the entrance and get back on your body, and don’t sell yellow calves to the city.
The Tian family’s food and clothing are not rich, and they are happy when they don’t see the county gate!
Ye Laoge Zhang Ji
A poor old farmer lives in the mountains and cultivates three or four acres of mountain fields.
The seedlings were so sparse and taxed that they could not be eaten, so they were imported into official warehouses and turned into soil.
At the end of the year, I am hoeing and plowing in the empty house, and I am calling my children to climb the mountain to collect acorns.
In Xijiang Jiake, there are hundreds of dendrobium trees. The dogs raised in the boat grow to eat meat.
Nie Yizhong Shang Tianjia
Sell new silk in February,
Sell new grain in May.
Healing the sores in front of the eyes,
cutting out the flesh in the heart.
I wish the king’s heart to become a candle of light.
Not the Qiluo Banquet, but the Fugitive House.
Guan Tian Jia Author: Wei Yingwu
It rains lightly, and all the flowers are new, and a thunder startles the insects.
The Tian family had a few days of leisure, and farming began.
The young and strong are all in the wild, and the fields and gardens are also in order.
Jing Changyan came back and drank water from Duxi Stream.
Hunger does not cause pain, but nourishment brings joy.
There is no storage in the warehouse, and the corvee is still there.
Those who are ashamed and do not cultivate will be rewarded with food and money.
The Widow in the Mountains
Du Xunhe of the Tang Dynasty
The husband defended Pengmao because of the soldiers, and his clothes and temples were burnt.
The mulberry trees are abandoned but still taxed, and the fields are desolate and yet the seedlings are collected.
At the same time, pick wild vegetables and roots and cook them, and spin them into firewood and burn them with their leaves.
No matter how deep the mountain is, there should be no way to avoid the corvee.
Weichuan Tianjia Wang Wei
The slanting light shines on the village, and the cattle and sheep return in the back alleys.
The old man in the wild misses the shepherd boy and leans on his stick to wait for the thorn tree.
The pheasants and wheat seedlings are beautiful, and the silkworms are sleeping and the mulberry leaves are sparse.
Tian Fuhe arrived, hoeing, and talked to each other.
This envy of leisure and relaxation fades away with sadness.
Spring Pastoral Wang Wei
The spring doves are chirping in the house, and the apricot blossoms are white beside the trees.
I wield an ax to cut down distant poplar trees and hoe the spring veins.
Returning to Yan recognizes the old nest, and the old sees the new calendar.
When I came to the wine table, I suddenly felt helpless, and I felt melancholy as a traveler from afar.
Passing through my old friend’s village, Meng Haoran
My old friend brought chicken and millet and invited me to Tian’s house.
The green trees are adjacent to the village, while the green mountains and hills are sloping outside.
Open a dining room and chat over wine.
On the Double Ninth Festival, I will come to see chrysanthemums.
Sui Yanxing Du Fu
Sui Yun is dusk, there is a lot of north wind, Xiaoxiang Dongting is in the white snow. The fisherman's net is frozen in the cold weather.
Don't shoot wild geese and sing with mulberry bows. Last year, rice was expensive for the army, but this year, rice is cheap, which greatly hurts farmers.
High-powered officials hate wine and meat, and this generation is empty. Chu people value fish but not birds.
Don't kill Nan Feihong in vain. It is said that men and women are flirting with each other everywhere, cutting off kindness and forbearing love, but returning rent and mediocrity.
In the past, money was used to catch private castings, but now lead, tin and bronze are allowed. Carving clay is the easiest to get.
If your likes and dislikes don't match your appearance, you will be confused. The horns are blown on the city walls of all nations, when will this sad song end?
Song of Burning Wen Tingyun
Get up and look at Nanshan Mountain, the mountain fire is burning the mountains and fields. The reddish sunset seems to be extinguished, and the short flames are connected again.
Going towards the rock, slowly climbing the green wall. When the wind blows away, the red eaves shine from afar.
The neighbor can speak clearly, and he can't help but sigh. He said that the Chu country was more customary, and burning rice was called "Haotian".
Bean sprouts and insects are swarming, and the flowers on the fence serve as houses. The pigs return to their pens in the abandoned stacks, and the chickens peck at the millet in the square.
The New Year brings rain and clear weather, and the sound of racing is everywhere. When you hold money, people will tell you, and when you knock on tiles, you will hear the sound in the forest.
The divination was obtained on the mountain and returned under the mulberry jujube tree. Blow the fire to the white grass, and the sickle on your waist reflects the sugarcane.
The wind drives away the mist of oak leaves, and the oak trees connect the mountains. The stars burst out beyond the clouds, and the flying embers fell in front of the steps.
Looking back and moaning and sneezing, the crow mother curses a prosperous life.
Who knew that the green face would be used as official tax?