Yang Wanli was a scholar in Shaoxing for twenty-four years (1 154). He was awarded the position of a layman in Ganzhou and later transferred to Lingling County in Yongzhou, where he met Zhang Jun in exile and was encouraged and taught by him. After Xiaozong acceded to the throne, Zhang Jun entered the phase and recommended Wanli as a professor at Lin 'an Prefecture. Before his appointment, he was mourned by his father, and after his service, he changed his knowledge to Fengxin County. Main road for six years (1 170), served as Dr. Guo Zi, started as a Beijing official, and soon moved to Taichang City, where he was transferred to at least the prison. In the first year of Xichun (1 174), it was announced that Zhangzhou was known and Changzhou was known. In six years, he raised tea and salt in Changping, Guangdong Province, suppressed the Shen Shi Rebel Army and was promoted to a prison in Guangdong Province. Soon, his mother lost his job, and he was recalled to the official department and promoted to a doctor. In May of the twelfth year (1 185), he wrote a letter to deal with the earthquake, talked about ten things about current politics, advised Xiao Zonggu to put aside urgent matters and prepare for the enemy, resolutely opposed some people's suggestions of abandoning Huai River and surrendering to the Yangtze River, and advocated selecting talents and actively preparing for war. The following year, he served as a detailed inspector of the Privy Council and a servant of the prince. Fourteen years (1 187), I moved to a secretary with less supervision. When Emperor Gaozong collapsed, Wanli accused Hong Mai of "referring to the deer as a horse" for Zhang Jun's due enjoyment of the temple sacrifice, which annoyed Xiao Zong and made him know about Yunzhou (now Gao 'an, Jiangxi). Guangzong acceded to the throne and was called secretary supervisor. Shao Xiyuan (1 190) was appointed as the ambassador of Jin Guo and Zheng Dan, and was also the auditor of the Recording Institute. Finally, because Xiaozong was dissatisfied with him, it was an agreement of Jiangdong transshipment. The imperial court will spend iron money in the counties in the south of the Yangtze River. Wanli thought it was inconvenient, refused to serve the imperial edict and changed to Ganzhou. Wanli saw that his ambition could not be displayed, refused to go to his post, and begged for a temple official (no actual official position, only receiving a temple post is equivalent to retirement) and returned. Since then, he has never been an official again. He was called to Beijing several times, but he resigned. In the second year of his reign (1206), he hated Han Tuozhou for playing politics, made mistakes in his country, died in anger, and was finally named "Wen Jie". Yang Wanli had a great influence at that time. His poems are on a par with those of Lu You, Fan Chengda and You Mao, and he is known as "the Four Masters of Zhongxing". At first, he imitated Jiangxi Poetry School. Later, he realized the shortcomings of Jiangxi Poetry School, such as the difficulty in pursuing form. In the thirty-second year of Shaoxing (1 162), he burned more than one thousand of his representative poems and decided to jump out of the trap of Jiangxi Poetry School and find another way. In the preface of Jing Xi Ji, he once recalled his own creative path: "His poems began to learn from the philosophers in Jiangxi, as well as the five-character law of Houshan (Chen Shidao), the seven-character quatrains of an old man in the Mid-Levels (Wang Anshi) and the quatrains of the Tang Dynasty. ..... When I was writing a poem during the Reform Movement of 1898, I suddenly realized that it was afraid to learn to politely refuse the Tang people and Wang, Chen and Jiangxi gentlemen, and then I was so happy. " He also made it very clear in his poem: "I am ashamed to pass on the story, and the writer has his own romantic feelings." Huang (Tingjian) and Chen (Shidao) rested under the fence, while Tao (Qian) and Xie (Lingyun) stood out. "("Xu Gansu Poetry Postscript (III) "is precisely because he does not follow others' heels, leans against others' fences, and dares not turn around and innovate, and finally forms his own poetic style, which is simple, colloquial and ingenious, and is called" Chengzhai Style ". It promoted the change of poetic style at that time.
Yang Wanli is knowledgeable and talented. His works are eclectic and varied, including "Returning to the Division with a Thousand Troops, Overturning the Three Gorges, Piercing the Heavenly Heart and Piercing the Moon Cave". There is also a gesture that writes about people's feelings, which is readily available, but can write beautiful lyrics. The poetic style is simple and natural, ingenious in conception, humorous, fresh and lively, with strong artistic appeal. He also paid great attention to learning the advantages of folk songs and absorbed a lot of vivid oral proverbs in his poems. Therefore, his works are often "slang sayings, from the mouth" (Jiang Hongao's "Han Tang Poetry"), giving people a simple and natural feeling. Such as: "the bright moon shines on Kyushu, and several families are happy and several are sad; If you are worried about nailing people to the moon, you have to have a rest and have a rest. " (Song of Zhi Zhu) is a completely blurted out folk song, which reflects his achievements in learning folk songs.
Most of Yang Wanli's existing poems are lyrical and entertaining works praising Yue. Some themes in this part of the works are too detailed, lacking a high degree of artistic generalization and superficial. But he also has many lyric poems, which are interesting and touching because of careful observation, vivid description and sincere feelings. For example, "Plum teeth are sour and soft, and bananas are divided into green screens. I slept for a long time and thought mercilessly, watching children catch willow branches. " ("Taking a nap in early summer") "You can't see the truth clearly outside the fog, and you can only recognize Qiancun by chickens and dogs. The frost on the ferry is like snow, which is the first mark of my green shoes. " ("Gengzi crossed the river at dawn on the fifth day of the first month") "In the spring rain, people are drunk in plum blossoms and bamboo shadows." (New Year's Eve) are all round and natural, fresh and lively, full of thoughts, which are different from those poets who specialize in describing the wind, clouds and the moon.
Yang Wanli was extremely diligent in writing all his life. According to legend, there are more than 20,000 poems, more than 4,200 existing poems and 133 volumes of complete works of poetry, which are known in the world. On September 22nd, the first year of Jianyan (October 29th, A.D. 1 127 10), Yang Wanli fell to the ground. This is a stormy time. Jinbing invaded the Central Plains on a large scale, and captured Bianjing in leap November last year. In April this year, Hui Zong, Qin Shihuang, Song Emperor, Prince Zi and Zong Qi were captured and returned to the North, and the Northern Song Dynasty was declared extinct. In May, Zhao Gou, King Kang, acceded to the throne as Emperor Gaozong, and established the Southern Song Dynasty, which was partial to the south of the Yangtze River. From then on, the Song-Jin War and the long-term confrontation between the weak in the south and the strong in the north began. Yang Wanli lost his mother at the age of eight. Father Yang Fu (A.D. 1096- 1 164), whose real name was named Nanxi lay man. Proficient in the Book of Changes, often hungry, endure the cold to buy books. Ten years later, he has collected thousands of books. He once pointed to the collection of books and said to Yang Wanli, "What makes you angry is the heart of a saint!" (Hu Quan's "Yang Wenjun Qing Ji Zhiming") Under the influence of his father, Yang Wanli studied very hard, learned and persevered since childhood. At the age of 65,438+04, he worshipped Gao Shou Dao as a teacher; at the age of 65,438+07, he worshipped Wang Tingcheng as a teacher; at the age of 265,438+0, he worshipped Liu Anshi and Liu Tingzhi as teachers. In the twentieth year of Shaoxing (A.D. 1 150), he went to Lin 'an to take the examination of the Ministry of Rites, and was the last one to come back, still continuing his studies. At the age of 27, I took Liu Caishao as my teacher. A few years later, he served as a householder in Ganzhou, and his father took him to visit Zhang Jiucheng who lived in Nan 'an and Hu Zui who passed through Ganzhou. Wang Tingxuan, Zhang Jiucheng, Hu Quan and other predecessors' knowledge, integrity and patriotic spirit of worshiping and resisting gold have greatly influenced Yang Wanli. In the spring of the 24th year of Shaoxing (AD 1 154), Yang Wanli was a scholar. Lakeside temple at dawn
Year: Song Author: Yang Wanli Genre: Four Musts
It is the scenery of the West Lake in June, which is really different from other seasons.
Lotus leaves will not turn green the next day, and lotus flowers are particularly bright red in the sun.
To annotate ...
[Note] (1) Jingci Temple: On the south bank of West Lake in Hangzhou today. (2) after all: after all, eventually. (3) Four seasons: Four seasons.
Whether it is the West Lake in June or not, the unique scenery is different from other times. Lotus leaves are all over the lake, and the green lotus leaves are endless, extending to the distant place where water and sky meet. Lotus leaves reflect sunlight and present a distinctive brilliant red.
Spring damage
Year: Song Author: Yang Wanli Genre: Four Musts
It is expected that this spring will be full of joy, but it is still a waste of east wind.
If you don't get presbyopia every year, you won't get sick if you are anxious.
To annotate ...
[Note] (1) quasi-standard: expected. (2) waste: live up to it. East wind: Spring breeze.
When spring comes, it is expected that there will be a lot of fun to enjoy this spring. Unexpectedly, as in previous years, it failed to live up to the beauty of this spring. See that I never have eyes to watch the brilliant flowers every year. I am either sick or worried, so I am in the mood to see flowers!
Transparent small container
Year: Song Author: Yang Wanli Genre: Four Musts
The silence of spring is because I don't want a long stream of water, and the shadow reflected on the water is like sunny days and breezes.
The delicate lotus flower bud shows a sharp corner from the water, and a naughty little dragonfly stands on its head.
Get up in early summer
Year: Song Author: Yang Wanli Style: Four Unique Categories: Chronology
Plum sour teeth, banana green sieve.
Spring goes to summer, and the days are long and tired. After a nap, I feel depressed and watch the children play with catkins in the air.
Liu Xin
Year: Song Author: Yang Wanli Genre: Four Musts
Wicker brushed a hundred feet of silver pond. It was dark green with only light yellow.
Wicker can not be dipped in water, but the willow shadow in the water guides him to grow.
Su Xinshi xugong branch
Year: Song Author: Yang Wanli Genre: Four Musts
The fence is sparse, a path leads to the distance, and the petals on the tree fall, but the shade has not yet formed.
The child ran quickly to catch the yellow butterfly, but the butterfly suddenly flew into the vegetable garden and could not be found again.
night breeze
Year: Song Author: Yang Wanli Genre: Four Musts
In the evening, the temperature is slightly warmer and the evening breeze is arrogant.
Why are you angry when you are cold? There will be frost in the future.
let
Year: Song Author: Yang Wanli Genre: Four Musts
One night, two children on a fishing boat stopped on board.
No wonder it didn't rain. They opened the umbrella. They didn't want to protect the rain, but wanted to use the umbrella as a sail to let the boat go forward.
Shaoxing was a scholar in the 24th year (1 154). Officials to secretaries in charge. Advocate fighting with the Jin people and recovering lost territory. Dare to speak honestly, tired of being demoted, and lived in the countryside in his later years 15 years. Poetry is as famous as You Mao, Fan Chengda and Lu You, and is also known as the four masters of the Southern Song Dynasty. Today, there are more than 4,200 poems, many of which express patriotic feelings. His poems, such as The First Four-quatrain of Huaihe River, Looking at the Yangtze River Bridge, Crossing the Yangtze River, Dusk Rain and Clear Sky, are full of thoughts and artistry. I have also written some poems that reflect the life of working people, such as Seven Poems for Boating on a Rainy Night, Ten Explanations of Ding Wei's Ci Poems and Song of Transplanting Rice, which show sympathy for farmers' hard life, such as Sigh of Farmers and Sigh of Autumn Rain. Yang Wanli, a beginner of Jiangxi Poetry School, focuses on the rhythm of words. After the age of 50, his poetic style has changed, from imitating predecessors to imitating nature, forming a unique and sincere style. Chengzhai pays attention to the so-called "living method", that is, he is good at capturing fleeting interests and expressing them in humorous and simple language. For example, "Ba Fengbo": "Fengbo advised you to have a glass of wine, why bother to play a bad drama and shock poetry!" It fully embodies the characteristics of Chengzhai style. Cheng Zhai's Poetry Talk is not devoted to poetry creation, but it also has some literary theories. His poems are famous for Wuxi Fu and Hai Fu. There are only 15 poems written today, which are fresh and interesting, quite similar to his poems. He is also good at easy learning, such as the Yi Zhuan of Cheng Zhai, which has been criticized by scholars for its historical proof. Zhai Chengji has 133 volumes (including various styles of poems 10), and there are four series; Poems of Yang Wenjie (42 volumes), printed from Qianlong to Qianlong; "Cheng Zhai Yi Zhuan" has 20 volumes, and there is a Song version of the book pavilion; The volume of Zhai Cheng Shi Hua is 1, which is a continuation of the poetry talks of past dynasties.