1, full text:
What spring looks like.
Chang' an fell, the country was broken, and only the mountains and rivers remained; Spring has come, and the sparsely populated Chang' an city is densely forested.
Sad state, can not help but burst into tears, amazing birds, leaving sorrow and hate.
The war lasted for more than half a year, and letters from home were rare, with a hundred thousand gold.
Twisting with melancholy, scratching my head and thinking, the more I scratch my white hair, I can hardly insert a hairpin.
2. Translation:
When the country fell, only the mountains and rivers remained the same, and the urban areas were overgrown with weeds in spring.
I am worried and sad, but I will cry when I see the flowers bloom. It pains me to leave my family.
The war has not stopped in March, and the letters from home are precious and can be worth thousands of dollars.
I only scratch my head when I am depressed and upset, so that my white hair is sparse and I can't insert it.
3. Introduction to the author:
Du Fu (7 12-770), with beautiful words, is a great realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty, and is also called "Du Li" with Li Bai. Originally from Xiangyang, Hubei Province, he moved to Gongxian County, Henan Province.
In order to distinguish Li Shangyin, Du Mu and Xiao Du Li, Du Fu and Li Bai are also called Da Du Li, and Du Fu is often called Lao Du.
As a teenager, Du Fu traveled to wuyue and Zhao Qi successively, during which he also visited Luoyang. After thirty-five, I came first and last in Chang 'an. Later, he presented gifts to the emperor and presented them to the nobles. The frustration of officialdom witnessed the extravagance and social crisis of the upper class in the Tang Dynasty. In the 14th year of Tianbao (755), the Anshi Rebellion broke out, Tongguan fell, and Du Fu moved to many places.
In the second year of Gan Yuan (759), Du Fu abandoned his official position and went to Sichuan. Although he fled the war and lived a relatively stable life, he still cared about the whole life and the affairs of the country. He created famous works such as Up the Mountain, Spring Hope, Northern Expedition, Three Officials and Three Farewells.
Although Du Fu is a realistic poet, he also has a wild and unruly side. It is not difficult to see Du Fu's heroism and dry clouds from his masterpiece Song of Drinking Eight Immortals.
The core of Du Fu's thought is the Confucian thought of benevolent government, and he has the great wish of "making the monarch Yao and Shun superior, and then making the customs pure". Although Du Fu was not famous during his lifetime, his fame spread far and wide, which had a far-reaching impact on China literature and Japanese literature. About 65,438+0,500 poems of Du Fu have been preserved, most of which are collected by Du Gongbu.
In the winter of the fifth year of Dali (770), Du Fu died at the age of 59. Du Fu's influence on China's classical poetry is far-reaching, and he is called "the sage of poetry" by later generations, and his poems are called "the history of poetry". Later generations called him Du Shiyi and Du Gongbu, and also called him Du Shaoling and Du Caotang.
Extended data:
First, the artistic features of Hope in Spring:
1, scene fusion:
The first four sentences focus on painting landscapes (mountains and rivers, plants, flowers and birds), but there are feelings in landscapes (broken, deep, tears and earthquakes), and there is intention in landscapes (I hate parting when I feel it). The last four sentences focus on lyricism, which means lyricism by borrowing things (breaking the letter from home and scratching the "white head"), and there are scenes in love.
2. Deep artistic conception:
"The country is broken" but "the mountains and rivers are there" and "the city is spring" is "the vegetation is deep"; Flowers and birds are entertaining things, but they are "tear-jerking" and "shocking" The sharp contrast of meaning and the gradual reversal of language situation make the poet Apollo's frustration and anxiety expressed artistically.
3. One sentence is vivid:
The word "broken" in "Although the country is broken, the mountains and rivers will last forever, and the vegetation will recover in spring" is shocking, and the word "deep" is bleak everywhere. The "splash" and "shock" in Where Tears Are Crying, Lonely Birds Sing Sorrow embody the dynamic beauty of poetic language and endow the poet with strong emotions.
Second, the famous comments:
1, Modern Gu Sui's Poems on Tuoan: "(Part I) There is beauty in majesty and beauty in grandeur."
2. Modern Xiao Difei's Selected Poems of Du Fu: "Some people think that flowers don't cry, and poets feel this way. Therefore, flowers with dewdrops are associated with tears.
According to the fruit, it is difficult to splash meaningfully ... to generate splash, which means jumping. ..... So' tears' are still people-oriented, and the so-called' flowers are tears' is also. Bai Juyi's "Smelling the Early Warbler" has the saying that "a bird is like one, and it is all in human feelings", which can be cross-referenced with "bird alarm". "
3. Xu Maodong Yingpei and Zhou Rongquan commented on this poem: "The meaning is not straight, the scenery is not smooth, the feelings are strong but not floating, the things are rich but not miscellaneous, and the meter is rigorous but not rigid."
Baidu Encyclopedia-Hope of Spring
Baidu Encyclopedia-Du Fu