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[Su tǐ]
The originator of European style was born in the first year of Chen Yongding in the Southern Dynasties (557) and died in the fifteenth year of Zhenguan in Emperor Taizong (64 1). He was born in Linxiang (now Hunan) in Tanzhou. Known for regular script and running script. As the largest official calligrapher in the history of calligraphy, his handwriting is called "European style", which is as famous as Yan (Zhenqing), Liu (Gongquan) and Zhao ().
Chinese name
Ouyang style
founder
Ouyang Xun
kind
regular script
age
the Tang Dynasty
catalogue
1 Introduction to the founder
2 brush stroke theory
Professor formula
Eight suggestions
Thirty-six ways to summarize words
Three representative works
1 Founder Profile Editor
Ou Yangxun (557-64 1), a native of Linxiang, Tanzhou (now Changsha, Hunan), is one of the four masters of regular script (Ou Yangxun, Yan Zhenqing, Liu Gongquan and Zhao Mengfu). Dr. Taichang, the official of Sui Dynasty, was named Prince Geng Ling in Tang Dynasty, also known as "Ouyang Lvgeng". Together with the other three contemporaries (Yu Shinan, Chu Suiliang, Xue Qi), they are called the four masters of the early Tang Dynasty. Because his son Ouyang Tong is also good at calligraphy, he is also called "Big Europe". Ou Yangxun is known as the first regular script in Tang Dynasty for his rigorous brushwork and precipitous brushwork. He and Yu Shinan were both famous for their calligraphy in the early Tang Dynasty, also known as "Ou Yu". Later generations saw danger in peace with their books, and Xi Zhi, the first one, was named "Ou Ti".
2 brushwork theory editor
Professor formula
Every stroke should be in the right direction, with vertical and horizontal strength, with quiet and thoughtful embellishment. When judging the word situation, stop on all sides and prepare on all sides; Long and short fit, compromise thickness; The mind is accurate and the density is accurate. The least busy is the loss; Time can't be delayed, and if it is slow, it will be silly; Not thin, thin when dry, not fat, fat is turbid. The most important thing is to walk slowly and prepare yourself naturally. On July 12, the sixth year of Zhenguan, he asked for a book to pay Liang Nu for a plan.
Eight suggestions
Three points are like stones falling from the top of the mountain.
L [vertical hook] is like the first month in the sky.
The span of 1000 miles is like a cloud.
What a long vine.
[Oblique hook] Jinsong hangs upside down and bends off the cliff.
【 Crosshook 】 Similar to a crossbow.
The sharp sword cut off the rhinoceros's horns.
\ [Si] A quilt is often written three times. [ 1]
Thirty-six ways to summarize words
First, the overlapping words should be arranged evenly, not too wide or too narrow, such as "shou, painting, dou, pen, beauty, victory, elegance", "feng" and "Yan". Eight methods are the so-called "dividing and leaving blank", also known as "leaving blank", and so is the so-called "overlapping" in Gao Zong's calligraphy.
Second, avoid it, avoid it, easily avoid it, avoid it far and near, and want it to reflect each other properly. Another example is the word "Lu", the first one is sharp, and the next one is different. The word "Fu" is next to the left, and the word "Feng" is in "?" If you pull it out, you must make some points on it, and avoid overlapping and simplify the path.
Third, there are many people who inherit the word "wearing on", but those who attach importance to the top and despise the bottom all want to gain power, such as "overlapping, building, medicine, Luan, fright, heron, bun, sound, medicine". In the eight major tactics, the so-called "slanting as a person means downloading from above" and "the head should not be light and the tail should not be heavy" are also said.
Fourth, those who interweave calligraphy and painting want their density, length and size to stop evenly, such as "Zhong, Fu, Jing, Qu, Shu, Concurrent, Yu, Yu, Shuang, Er, Xiang, Yong, Er, Ao, You, Xing, Che, Wu and Mi", the so-called "Four" in the Eight Laws.
Five, to the back of the word is opposite, there are opposites, each has its own momentum, can not be wrong. The opposites of "no, no, goodness, knowledge and harmony" are also established, as are the opposites of "North, omen, fat and root".
6. If there are many orthographic characters on one side, if there is an inclination on the other side, it should also be combined with its word potential. Those who lean to the right, such as "mind, posture, clothes and a few"; To the left, such as "evening, friends, yes, no, less, macro" and so on; Just like those biased, such as "hai, female, Zhang, vector, mutual, nothing" and so on. The so-called radical spelling is right, and if it is right, it is radical, which is also wonderful. "Eight Tactics" also says "not to be biased".
Seven, pick? Is it necessary to choose the context of the text? Who, such as "Ge, Yi, Wu, Jiu and Qi"; Another example is the words "offer, persuade, disperse and break". Since there are many left sides, we must get the right side? It; For example, "save, bake" and so on, must the upper level get it? Therefore, phase is good.
Eight, the left and right sides of the word, more or less, must give way to each other in order to be perfect. For example, the words next to "horse", "nest" and "bird" must be straight on the left, and then the right can be used as words, otherwise it will be inconvenient. For example, the word "debate" should be shortened with the word "Yan" in the middle, so that two words "letter" can appear. For example, the words "gull, quail and late" are narrow on both sides and wide at the bottom, so we should make way for each other. Another example is the word "woo, hoo", and the mouth on the left should be close to each other. The word "he" and the word "buckle" should be to the right, and then it is better, and so is this one.
Fill in the blanks, such as "I am here", and doing something to the left is not the same as "success and luck". For example, "attack, conquer, eat, Jiangxi" and so on, it is necessary to have the party, for example, the word "construction" in the inscription of Liquan is also the same.
Ten, cover such as "treasure, capacity", the point must be correct, the painting must be round, not suitable for each other, the upper part is long and the lower part is short.
Eleven such as "zero, today, winter, cold" also.
12. Those who leave the original form of sticky characters want to stick together, so that they can take care of each other better, such as the radical word "Lie, Sword, Fly, Door".
Thirteen, the speed is like "wind, phoenix", and the speed on both sides should be rounded. When using a pen, the left side should be sick, and when carrying a pen, it is like electricity.
Fourteen, don't be empty, such as "circle, garden, field, country, back, bag, south, partition, eye, four, hook", and so on.
Fifteen, the meaning of words is broken and connected, such as "knowledge, meaning, faith, comparison, dawn, biography, week, water, autumn" and so on.
Sixteen, those above the word will be below the word, such as "rain", "hole", "home, glory", "luxury, gold, food, society, lane, Thailand" and so on.
17. Dragging, such as "Du, Qing, Mao, and worship", dragging, such as "water, nutrition, debt, degree, change, travel, people, and also".
18. Borrowing and changing is another example. The word "secret" is on the right of the word "show" and the word "must" is on the left. This is also borrowing and changing. Another example is the word "autumn" as "?" What is the word "goose"? Such as this, because its words are difficult to form a structure, so the exchange is so, but also borrowed. So is the so-called "East reflects West".
19. It is difficult to add and subtract words, or because there are few strokes, for example, the word "new" is "?" , the word "sword" is "?" Yeah, yeah. Or because of more strokes, such as "Cao" is "?" What is the word "beauty"? . But to be beautiful, no matter how the ancient people wrote.
Twenty, Chinese characters should be stippled less, set each other off and be interesting, and must be matched. Another example is "dragon, poem, resentment, turn" and so on. You must draw a picture for a picture, and the corresponding pictures are complementary.
Twenty-one, people who support independence must support it, and then they will be strong and healthy. Such as "Qian, Xia, Yu, Ding, Shou, Ke, Gong, Si, Yu, spear, Yong, Heng, Ting, Ning, Hui, towel, grass" and so on.
Twenty-two, those who are biased towards each other should take care of each other. There are many words "Zou, Xie, hoe and storage", and those who have the words "Bi and Ban" should take care of each other. So is the so-called "mutual greetings" in calligraphy.
Twenty-three, to save every word, a pen to drop, it is easy to think of how to save the second and third pens, how to tie them. The same is true of the so-called "intention first, literary direction later" in the eight strokes.
Twenty-four, the shape of the attached words, if there is a coincidence nearby, can not be separated, such as "shape, shadow, flying, rising, super, drinking, encouraging." Where there is "literature, debt and support", it is also necessary to roll with the punches and roll with the punches.
Twenty-five, holding the back on the left is like "Yi, Beggar, Yi, Ju", and on the right is like "Gen, Ghost, Bao, Xu, Ta".
Twenty-six, the parcel refers to the "group, nursery", surrounded by parcels. "Shang, Xiang" up and down, "You, Meng" down, "Kui, Kuang" around, "Xun, Hungary" around and so on.
Twenty-seven, but it's good to say that its package won't fall into the hands of powerful people. It's perfect to end it.
Twenty-eight, the stippling of characters should be connected, and they should be connected. Two points such as "small" and "eight" are connected correspondingly; "Long" and other three points, left to right, middle to upper, right to left; The four points of "nature" and "heat" are connected in the middle.
Twenty-nine, see the big or small with small, such as "door?" So is the next big one. Words change from small to large, and their small characters change from small to large. For example, the word "orphan" is only pressed at the end, the word "ning" is only hung at the end, the word "owe" is pulled out, and the word "ge" is a little bit.
30. The formation of small and big means that there is something in small and big words. Mr. Dongpo said: "The big characters are difficult to be dense and seamless, and the small characters are difficult to be generous." It would be perfect if the big characters were dense and the small space was spacious.
Thirty-one, small and big "Calligraphy" says: "The big characters are small preface, and the small characters are big preface, which is naturally wide and narrow." For example, the word "day" is too small to be as big as the word "country". For example, the word "one" and "two" are sparse, and the position of calligraphy and painting should be well thought out, so that the foil can be appropriate and then the top. Or: "It is said that the top is small, the bottom is big, and the top is small, and it must be matched." I also said.
Thirty-two, each writing is formed separately. It is also good to combine into one, and it is also good to divide into different forms, which can be formed separately. As for the size of density, length, width and narrow, it also needs to be explained in detail.
Thirty-three, small left and big right. This section is a word disease. If you want it to stop, people's knots are easy to be left small and right big. So with the next two verses, it is also sick.
Thirty-four, left high and right low, left short and right long. Can't be left high and right low, that is, one shoulder. The left side is short and the right side is long. The so-called "eight strokes" do not mean making the left short and the right long.
People who study European books tend to write long words, so the law requires it to end neatly and converge? Dense, ranked second, and old-fashioned. The so-called "old-fashioned secrets" in the book spectrum are so expensive.
Thirty-six, the manager asked them to look around each other, not to lose their position, they had to cover it, they had to accept it, and so on. [2]
92 frame structure method
1, all the paintings that cover heaven and man are exposed at the bottom, and the rest of the strokes should be covered at the bottom. Such as: Yu, Zhou and Ding
front cover
2. The paintings of the ground branches are all supported on the top, and there are words of the bottom branches at the bottom, and the rest of the strokes should be supported on the top. Such as: support, Meng, Sheng.
3, let the left high and the right low, with the left half as the main word, the left high and the right low. For example: Ministry, youth, that is,
4. Let the person on the right stretch the words with the right half as the main body to the right and contract to the left. The right side should be long and the left side should be short. Such as achievement, discussion and reading.
5. For a picture with a cross arm, the cross arm should be long, and the cross in the middle should be written longer; Hi, Wu He 'an.
6. There must be words in the vertical pen, and the middle vertical should be straight and not crooked. Such as: A, Ping, Gan, Wu.
7. The hook method should not be short, with the horizontal hook as the main pen, and there are many strokes in the enclosed part. The horizontal hook should be long and straight with square angles. Such as: Portugal, grape, Shu, Ge.
8. The hook method can't be straight, and its trend is to use the horizontal hook as the main stroke. For the enclosed part of words with fewer strokes, the horizontal hook should be slightly shorter and inclined to the right, and the angle should be adducted. Sentence, even, don't.
9. Draw short and long, and draw short and long; Such as Zuo, Zai, You and Long.
92 methods for summarizing shelf structure (20 sheets)
10, draw long and short, and draw horizontally; Such as: right, right, gray
1 1, draw short and straight characters horizontally, and the strokes should be lengthened. Such as: wood, Ben, Zhu
12, the drawing length is straight and short, it is appropriate to draw long characters vertically and short characters horizontally, and the pen skimming should be shortened to opposite points to echo each other. Such as music, collection
13, the horizontal length is straight and short. In a word, the horizontal length should be short, the horizontal length should be thin and hard, and the vertical length should be short and thick. Such as: ten, up, down, slide.
14, the word horizontal short is straight long, and the horizontal short is appropriate. Short and thick, standing upright. Such as: talent, fighting, richness, huh?
15, there are pictures above and below, and the characters with horizontal pictures above and below should be shorter and longer. Such as: leather, Zheng, and elegance.
16, the left and right are straight, and the words with vertical pictures on the left and right must be closed and extended, closed to the left and extended to the right. Such as purpose, self, cause and fixation.
The names of the sender and the recipient written on the picture.
17, left hand and right hand, should be left hand and right hand, left hand and right hand, should be left hand and short right hand. Such as Chuanyin, Sheng and Bang.
18, left straight right left, left vertical right left. The left vertical shaft should be closed and the right vertical shaft should be extended. Such as: Iraq, waste and repair
19, the person who answers the main points has to lean back a few points to change the word, and each point has a different direction to make it change. Such as: easy, late, and awkward.
20. For people who draw heavily, it is advisable to change characters with several horizontal or vertical paintings, and the length of each horizontal painting should be different, so as not to appear boring. Such as: 3. run
2 1, if it is even, the left and right sides should be composed of two equal parts, and the left and right sides should be even. Such as: Yan, Gu, Yan.
22, trinity, Chinese service consists of three parts, Chinese service is correct. Such as: Yu, Xie, Shu.
23. For the two paragraphs, the words composed of upper and lower parts are slightly increased or decreased, and the upper and lower parts are equally divided, with a slight change in the middle. Need and stay
24, Sanlian, the head and tail expansion room should still be composed of three parts evenly, and the head and tail expansion should be appropriate, highlighting the lead writer and coordinating and unifying. Such as: Zhang, Yi, Su and Tired.
25. The small print on the left should be aligned with the small print on the left, and the left stroke should be aligned with the top of the right stroke. Such as: breathing, breathing, peak, rigor.
26. The small print on the right is aligned with the small print on the lower right, and the strokes on the right are lower or even with the lower left. Such as harmony, knowledge and refinement.
27, the outer four stacks, the shape must be square, and the same strokes appear around the words, which should be neatly arranged and of the same size to form a surround. Such as noise, equipment
28. If there is a 40% discount inside, the words with a 40% discount inside should be arranged evenly and closely. Such as: cool, teeth
29, oblique, uneven, there is no momentum. Don't write flat, flat will lose momentum. Such as: seven, also, what, this
30, Pingle, impartial, no instrument, Pingle painting is not correct if it is written obliquely. Such as: Yun, Qu, He and Dan.
3 1, for the word of vertical si, the word of oblique si should be stored at the beginning and end, and the pen should be hidden in the front and closed in the back. Such as Zhang, rulers, history, and
32, vertical ge method, the most taboo weak body bending vertical ge word, the most taboo weak and bending. Such as: martial arts, success, or
33. The word horizontal hook is indomitable, and its horizontal hook should be curved and round, not slender and straight. Such as kindness, interest, necessity and ambition.
34. The extension hook holds the words on the lower bag with a vertical hook, and the vertical hook should extend to the right as far as possible to cover the closed part. Such as: encourage, promise, throw
35, the person who inherits is the word "person" you inherit, which should be in the middle. Heaven, father, foreign languages and literature
36, hook, retreat from the left and right structure of the word, when the vertical hook is on the left, it should be reduced to the right. Such as: pigeons, hui
37, horse teeth injection at 4: 30. The hook front of the horse tooth corresponds to four points. For words with four horizontal points, the hook tip of the horizontal point folding hook should point between two and three points. Like birds and horses.
38, flat on the word, it should be a flat word on the top, and its top should be consistent. Such as: teacher, bright, part-time, wild,
39. Flat the words below, and align the words below the strokes. Such as: Korea, past and present.
40. There must be several strokes that repeat strokes, and there must be contraction and extension. Such as talking, tea and millet.
4 1, overlapping, sometimes there are several tick characters, some want to provoke a tick, and some want to hide a pen. Such as: ban, forest, forest
42. If the hook is up and down, the lower hook is clear, the upper hook is dark, and the words "up and down hook" appear. The lower hook is obvious, and the upper hook should be hidden. Such as: Brother, Rou
43. When throwing a hook, the hook is extended and the word hook is used. The hook should be closed and the hook should be released. Such as; Guan, Kou and Zhai
44. People who occupy the upper position should listen to the words that the width mainly comes from the upper part, and make the upper part wider. Such as: omnipotent, complete and neat.
45. People who occupy a lower position should be allowed to widen the characters with the lower part as the main part, and the lower part should be wider. Such as table and in
46. For those who occupy the right side, the right side may be mainly filled with words, and the right side may be fuller. History, Teng and Jing
47, left-handed, not too big on the left, but a little bigger on the left. Such as Jing, Lian and Liu.
48, the left and right occupants, the middle should be dominated by left and right characters, and the middle should be small. Such as; Bi, Debate, Yan and Yang
49. The middle is occupied, the middle is occupied, and the middle is bigger. Such as: throwing, fan;
50, the upper and lower parts are small, and the middle of the upper and lower words is small. Such as warblers and widows
5 1, the hook should be curved, round and powerful. Such as: wind, flight, air.
52. The writing of horizontal wrist, circle and vertical hook requires vertical hook to be round, round and handsome. Such as: first, see, yuan, Mao.
53. Vertical skimming is the worst way to avoid being like a mouse's tail. The end should be thin and weak. Such as; Palace, residence and ground floor
54. There are several left-handed words in the row of teeth. Don't write them as rows of teeth. The size should change. Such as: friends, harmony, opposition, skin.
55, three fold method, below the head, the upper left abdomen is connected with three fold characters, and the lower left should face the middle of the upper left in turn. Such as; Repair, ginseng, beard and shape
56. The three-point method means that the front end of the third point should correspond to the end of the first point. Such as: water control, water control, water control, flow control and sea control.
57. Divination should be straight and unbiased, opposite to the middle of the previous section. Divination should be written correctly, without deviation, relative to the middle of the previous section. Yes, that's enough. Go ahead.
58. Local words should be straight and unbiased, contrary to the lower left. The vertical in the old prefix is the center of the word. The earth characters should be written straight and unbiased, and aligned with the left vertical drawing in the next section. Such as: Zhejiang, Lao and Kao
59, complicated, complex structure, strewn at random have send words, to interspersed with corresponding concessions, but not disorderly. Such as complexity and fragrance
60. Careful people should arrange the words with close structure properly, so as not to appear crowded and messy. Such as: inheritance, entanglement
6 1, no rhyme when the needle is inserted. If the strokes of hanging needles are hanging down (such as dewdrops and circles at the end), they are not beautiful. Such as: cars, applications, porcelain, towels
62. When hanging the needle, it is powerless. If you hang up the needle, there is nothing you can do. Such as Zhuo and Dan
63. Although the body should be tilted and the center of the word should be tilted, it is necessary to accurately find the center of the folded picture and the left picture. Although the body is inclined, the center of the word should be positive. Such as: Yi, Nai, Mother, Force;
64, the form is self-correcting, and the bone strength must be strong. The font is positive, so it should be written with bone strength; Such as: Right, Lord, Ben and Wang.
65, the word book is thin, its shape should not be short, the word is thin, and the font should not be written too short. Such as: body, eyes, ears, shell;
66. If the words are short, the pen should be thick. If the words are short, they are written firmly. Such as: white, work, Sunday and Thursday.
67. Under the cover of laws, the left and right sides should be covered (referring to people) to make them symmetrical. Such as: encounter, cooperation, gold, life;
68. Go down with the trend, match the left and right, lie in the middle of the word, and the feet are flush and symmetrical. Such as: Qin, stingy, Ge, Gu
69, although fat is appropriate, but don't expand the word suitable for fat, but don't look bloated; Such as: earth, mountains, public, stop
70. Although it should be fine, don't brush words with few strokes and long body length. The strokes should be appropriately bold to avoid being slender and weak. Such as: saving, saving, talent and divination.
7 1, words with sparse and rich strokes are fuller; Such as: up, down, thousand, small.
72, the secret strokes are wide, the strokes should be consistent with each other, and the white cloth should be uniform. Such as: win, ding
73, overlapping words, consuming triangular homographs, and using strokes should be changed. Not crowded or loose; Such as Jing, Lei, Sen, etc.
74. Accumulator, the clear words and strokes piled up from bottom to top should be arranged reasonably, and the expansion should be moderate, complicated and not chaotic. Such as: Mi, Zero, Mi
75. The bottom painting should be a little longer to bear the horizontal painting below the right vertical end, and a little longer to connect the right vertical end. Such as: mouth, day, field,
76. The tail hook should be dragged a little, which seems to have the possibility of dragging down the characters. The hook front of the vertical hook is slightly like a left flat, which seems to have the potential to carry the characters down. Such as: Ding, Yu, Ding.
77. Overlapping Chinese characters should be slightly larger on the top and smaller on the bottom, slightly larger on the top and slightly smaller on the bottom, close to the lower left. Such as: far away, returning, catching.
78. If you draw a long picture and a short picture, you should not use the long and short words on the right, and you should not use the long and short words on the right. Such as: arrow, deed, mo
79, the left vertical should not be too short, and the right vertical should not be too long. The left vertical is short, and the right vertical should not be long; Such as doing, lifting, rushing and walking.
80, the left vertical should not be too long, the right vertical should not be too short, the left vertical should not be too long, and the right vertical should not be too short. Minister, giant, good
8 1, the hook of the treasure cover, if the bird's chest is the hook of the wonderful treasure cover, should be written as a bird overlooking its chest; Such as: official, gas, slaughter,
82. A painting, such as a carved object, is a good compilation. The arranged strokes should be as exquisite as those carved by seiko. Such as: He, Gui and Yu.
83. It is said that the word "ooh" with one ear is allowed. The horizontal hook should be short, and the long vertical hook should hang down straight; Such as: printing, knocking at the door, but
84. According to the character of the city, the character of the right ear is slightly larger, and the long vertical should be a garter drop, straight and drooping. Such as suburbs, Zheng, and neighbors.
85. Judging from the mouth words, the words beside the left ear are accurate, the hook is slightly smaller, and the long vertical should be hanging down. Such as Osaka, Naoto Kan.
86, from the word "sunflower", this word is prefixed by Deng, stretching and stretching, feet flush, stretching and covering. Such as climbing, stools
87. According to the word "Sacrifice", this word prefixed with Sacrifice is straight and stretched, slightly higher on the left and slightly higher on the right, and unfolded under the cover; Such as: sacrifice, Cai, Cha.
88. The word conformity is accurate. The words at the bottom of the word are short on the top and vertical in the middle. gathering
89. From the words of the singer to the words of the singer, this shall prevail; Such as home, elephants and luxury goods.
90, the word next to the list is the word next to the list, which is the standard; Such as: benevolence, kindness, inferiority and interest.
9 1, double-sided permission for this word from "Mao", which shall prevail; Such as Xu, Xun, Xing and Heng.
92. Text with vertical hooks should be used as the standard. Such as: milk, chaos, color, bag
3 representative editors
Tang Dynasty Inscription —— Jiuchenggong Liquan Inscription
It was carved in Linyou (now Shaanxi) in 632 AD. Wei Zhi wrote, Ou Yangxun wrote.
Jiuchenggong calligraphy
Describe that Emperor Taizong discovered Liquan during his summer vacation in Jiucheng Palace. The brushwork is vigorous and graceful, and there is also proper limit. It is the ideological work of Ou Yangxun in his later years, and it has been highly praised by scholars.
Calligraphy appreciation:
Size: The monument is 247cm high and120cm wide.
There are 24 lines of inscriptions, each with 50 words.
This book is vigorous and powerful. Although stippling is thin and hard, it is full of vitality, and it is implicit to pick up the pen and has the meaning of official script. The font structure is elegant and generous, and the French style is rigorous. It seems fair, but it is actually dangerous. The glyph is rectangular, with large characters and large spacing, and the composition is loose and clear.
The inscription of Jiucheng Palace often makes many beginners misunderstand. At first glance, it seems simple and easy to use. However, after writing for several years, I know that it is not easy to write the level of Ou Yangxun. You can think of it this way. Ou Yangxun was over 70 years old when he began to write this tablet in primary school. In other words, he has reached the so-called old state, and it is impossible to write badly. Since the death of Ou Yangxun, there have been many imitators in the past dynasties, but, don't say beyond, even those who are on a par have never appeared. Many people have written about hoary heads, but they are still painting tigers according to cats, but they only have their shapes, but they don't see their rhymes. There are many people who have studied Europe in history, and many who are famous for studying Europe in modern times, but none of them have both form and spirit. So, some people settle for second best and add their surnames to Ou Kai, the so-called Ou Kai, which is also a kind of helplessness! After thousands of years of cultural accumulation, China's calligraphy is gorgeous and rich! There is really no need for innovation, just inheritance, not to mention the innovation that some people often say! Looking back at the history of calligraphy, you will find that your so-called innovation has long been lost in the pen and ink of the ancients.