Seeking poetry, singing to wine, and geometry of life come from that poem. What is the whole poem?

when drinking is a song, what is life? For example, the morning dew, I suffered a lot when I went to Japan. When I am generous, I will never forget my worries. How can I solve my worries? Only Du Kang, the green lady, is lingering in my heart. But for your sake, I have pondered so far. Yo-yo Luming Literature, the apple of the wild. I have a guest, blowing sheng. It is as clear as the moon, when can I forget it? The worries come from it, and I can't be cut off. The more strange it is. The mountain is never too high, and the sea is never too deep. The Duke of Zhou vomits and feeds, and the world returns to his heart. A brief comment on "Short Songs" is an old topic of Han Yuefu, which belongs to "Harmony Songs and Flat Tunes". That is to say, it was originally the name of a piece of music, and how to sing this kind of music is of course unknown now. But in Yuefu's "Harmony Songs and Flat Tunes", besides "Short Songs", Cao Pi, Wei Wendi, said that the short songs can't be long, and Fu Xuan in Jin Dynasty said that "Long song" and "short songs" mean that the songs are long and short. Now we can only understand the musical characteristics of "short songs" according to this little material. However, this ancient poem has been lost. The earliest short line of songs that can be seen now is the short line of songs written by Cao Cao. The so-called "quasi-Yuefu" is to use the old songs of Yuefu to supplement new words. There are two short lines of songs handed down by Cao Cao, and here is the first one. The theme of this short line of songs is very clear. In order to expand his ruling base among the landlords in commoners and crack down on the reactionary hereditary powerful forces, he once strongly emphasized that "meritocracy is the best way", and for this reason, he successively issued the orders of seeking talents, promoting scholars and seeking escape. In fact, "Short Songs" is a "song for seeking the virtuous", and it is precisely because it uses the form of poetry and contains rich lyric elements that it can play a unique infectious role, effectively publicize his insistence and cooperate with the decrees issued by him. "Short Songs" originally had "six interpretations" (that is, six passages), and we are now divided into four sections according to poetry. We should treat wine as a song. For example, in the morning dew, I suffered a lot when I went to Japan. I was generous and unforgettable. Du Kang is the only one who can solve my worries. In these eight sentences, the author emphasizes that he is very worried and extremely worried. So what is worrying about? It turns out that he is suffering from the lack of many "talents" to cooperate with him and make contributions together. Imagine that even a powerful person like Cao Cao is worried about "seeking talents" there, how much publicity it will have. If there are "talents" among the landlords in commoners, they can't help but be moved and encouraged by these words. They are struggling to find a way out, but they didn't expect Cao Cao to be hungry for talents there. So many people who are really talented or think they are talented are likely to be eager to "return to their hearts" to him. At first glance, the eight sentences of "drinking wine as a song" are very similar to the negative tone in Nineteen Ancient Poems, but in fact they are very different. The "geometry of life" here is not to call people "eat, drink and be merry", but to make contributions in time. On the surface, it is also very different. I'm afraid it's too late to make a difference. In fact, it is subtly infecting the vast number of "talented people", reminding them that life is as easy to disappear as "morning dew", and the years have passed a lot. We should make up our minds quickly and come to me to display our ambitions. So once analyzed, it is not difficult to see that the rich lyrical atmosphere in the poem contains quite strong political purposes. This positive purpose is deliberately to start with a low tone, which certainly shows that Cao Cao really has his melancholy thoughts, so we just said it. But on the other hand, it is precisely because such a tone can open the hearts of people who are at the lower level, have experienced many hardships and are eager to find a way out. Therefore, the intention and wording are both true and ingenious. In these eight poems, the main emotional feature is the word "sorrow", which needs to be dispelled by wine ("Du Kang" is said to be the first person to make wine, so here his name is used as a proxy for wine. What can be evaluated is the objective content of this emotion, that is, why you are "worried". If you are worried because of selfishness, decadence or even reaction, then this worry is a negative emotion; On the other hand, worrying about a progressive purpose becomes a positive emotion. Looking at the specific historical background, the sadness expressed by Cao Cao here belongs to the latter and should be properly evaluated in history. Chen Ling, a Qing dynasty, said in "Poetry is better than Xing Jian": "This poem is the purpose of thinking about brave men in Han Gao's" Wind Song "."Geometry of Life "originated, covering the so-called king of ancient times. However, the so-called "combining sages to bequeath descendants" is too far-fetched. What Cao Cao was considering at that time was to end the war in his own life and unify the whole of China. There are similarities and differences between him and Emperor Gaozu in singing "The Song of the Great Wind". Qing Qing Zi Ji, leisurely in my heart. But for your sake, Shen Yin has been so far. You are Luming Literature, the apple of the wild. Drumming blowing sheng, these eight sentences are more lingering and deep. The two sentences of "Qingqing" were originally from The Book of Songs, Zheng Feng Zi Jin. The original poem was about a girl who was thinking about her lover. The four sentences in the first chapter are: "Qingqing Zi Jin, leisurely in my heart. Even if I don't go, Zi Ning won't inherit the sound?" Your green collar haunts me deeply. Although I can't come to you, why don't you take the initiative to give me a message? ) Cao Cao quoted this poem here, and said that he had been reciting it in a low voice, which was really ingenious. When he said, "Green flowers are blooming, and my heart is lingering", it was a direct metaphor for the thoughts of "talents". But more importantly, he omitted two sentences: "Even if I don't go, I would rather not inherit the sound?" As it is actually impossible for Cao Cao to go to those "talents" one by one, he used this implicit method to remind them: "Even if I didn't go to you, why didn't you take the initiative to come to me?" It can be seen from the implicit meaning of this layer that his intention of "seeking talents" is really thoughtful and has touching power. This touching power reflects the combination of politics and artistry in literary and artistic creation. Of course, his subtle intention cannot be fully expressed in documents such as "Seeking Talents". As a poem, "A Short Song Line" can express the feelings that political documents can't express and play a role that political documents can't. Then he quoted four sentences from "The Book of Songs Xiaoya Luming Literature" to describe the scene of the banquet between the two sides, which means that as long as you come to me, I will definitely stay as a "guest" and we will be able to get along and cooperate happily and harmoniously. Therefore, allusions are used as metaphors, which is the expression method of "gentle but sarcastic". At the same time, the word "jun" is also typical in Cao Cao's poems. Originally, in the Book of Songs, this "jun" only refers to a specific person; Here, it has a wide range of significance: at that time, all the "wise men" who read Cao Cao's poem could think that he was the object of miss for Cao Cao's poem Zi Jin. Because of this, this poem will play a huge social role if it spreads. When will it be as clear as the moon? Worry comes from it and can't be cut off. The more you cross the street, the more you waste it. Talk about it? The eight sentences emphasize and take care of the above sixteen sentences. The above sixteen sentences mainly talk about two meanings, that is, worrying about seeking the virtuous, and expressing that you should treat the virtuous with courtesy. If you borrow music as a comparison, this can be said to be two "theme melodies" in the whole poem, and the eight sentences of "as bright as the moon" are the reappearance and variation of these two "theme melodies". The first four sentences are talking about sadness again. The last four sentences talk about the arrival of "talented people", which is the second eight sentences. On the surface, the meaning is repeated with the first sixteen sentences, but in fact, due to the reappearance and variation of "theme melody", the whole poem is more restrained and chanted repeatedly, which strengthens the lyrical concentration. From the perspective of expressing the literary theme of the poem, these eight sentences are not simple repetition, but contain profound meaning. That is to say, However, I am not satisfied. I am still worried about seeking talents, hoping that more "talents" will come. The bright moon in the sky is always running and will not stop ("stopping" means "stopping", and "short songs played by Jin Yue" means "stopping"); Similarly, my thoughts of seeking talents will not be cut off. It is also a thoughtful performance to say this, because Cao Cao is constantly recruiting talents, so will the latecomers worry about "overcrowding"? Therefore, Cao Cao further stated here that his heart of seeking the virtuous will not end like the bright moon, so people will not have any worries, and they will be treated with preferential treatment as early as they come late. The author will make it more clear in the following, which is just a link between the preceding and the following, playing the role of transition and padding. The moon stars are rare, the blackbirds fly south and make three turns around the tree. What can we rely on? The mountains never tire of heights, and the seas never tire of depths. The Duke of Zhou vomits and feeds, and the world returns to his heart. The four sentences of "Moonlight" are not only accurate and vivid descriptions of scenery, but also have profound metaphorical meanings. In the source of ancient poems, Shen Deqian, a Qing dynasty, said: "There are four few moon stars, and there is nothing to rely on for a guest." This shows that he saw that these four sentences are metaphors, but it is vague to just say "guest". In fact, this refers to those who are hesitant, and they are at a loss for a while in the situation of the three kingdoms. Therefore, Cao Cao inspired them with the scene of black magpies circling trees and "what branches to rely on". Don't be half-hearted, be good at choosing branches and live on your own side. These four poems vividly depict the situation and mood of those who are hesitant, but the author not only does not accuse them at all. On the contrary, it reveals the concern and sympathy for these people in the rich poetry. This just shows that Cao Cao is very good at ideological work, and he attracts and strives for talents with a reasonable attitude. Such a sentiment also gives full play to the unique infection of poetry. The last four sentences make the finishing point, clearly hope that all talents will come to me, and accurately understand the theme of this poem. The allusion of "The Duke of Zhou vomits and feeds" comes from ". I'm not light in the world. However, if I hold my hair for three times, I'm afraid I'll lose people in the world. "In order to receive people in the world, the Duke of Zhou sometimes washed his head and ate a meal, which was interrupted several times. This legend is of course too exaggerated. However, this allusion is used here to highlight the author's thirst for knowledge." The mountain is never too high, and the sea is never too deep "is also passed. There are three points in the world, and if scholars don't go north, they will go south. If they leave for Shu and Wu, their habitat is uncertain. If they don't spit and feed, why come? Mountains never tire of soil, so they can become high; The sea never tires of water, so it can become deep; The king never tires of being a scholar, so the whole world turns to his heart. "(See also Poem Than Xing Jian) These words are very helpful to explain the background, theme and the meaning of the last sentences of this poem. Generally speaking, Short Songs, just like other poems of Cao Cao, such as Hao Li Xing, Duijiu, Kuhan Xing, etc., are highly political poems, mainly for the following reasons. However, its political content and significance are completely fused in the rich lyrical artistic conception. The whole poem gives full play to the specialty of poetry creation, and accurately and skillfully uses the metaphor technique to achieve the purpose of combining reason with emotion and affecting people. In Cao Cao's time, he was able to achieve the expected social effect according to the special laws of lyric poetry, and this creative experience is obviously worth learning. At the same time, because Cao Cao emphasized that "meritocracy" at that time had certain progressive significance, Therefore, his highly artistic expression of the theme of "seeking talents" should also be affirmed by history. This poem is one of Cao Cao's representative works. It expresses his great ambition to recruit talents and make achievements. Written in four words, it is profound, solemn and elegant, and full of emotion. At the beginning of the poem, the mood is a little low, but the tone of the whole poem is still high and energetic. At this point, it is similar to "Although the tortoise lives long" * * * Four sections. The first eight sentences are the first section, in which the poet expresses his feelings and worries about the brevity of life, and uses wine to drown his worries. On the surface, he seems to write personal feelings and worries, as if to indulge in debauchery, eat, drink and be merry in time, but in fact, he writes a broad mind of a great politician praying for achievements. The ratio of "morning dew" is vivid, profound and philosophical. In short, the festival meaning of the first section can be one. The sentiment is more profound and lingering. The sentence "Qingqing Zitiao" is the original sentence in the Book of Songs Zheng Feng Zitiao. Among them, the four sentences in the first chapter are: "Qingqing Zitiao, leisurely in my heart. If I don't go, Zi Ning won't inherit the sound?" Your green collar haunts my heart deeply. Although I can't come to you, why don't you take the initiative to give me a message? ) The poet uses this ancient poem to express his thirst for talents. The poem is euphemistic in tone and deep in sentiment, expressing the activities in the poet's heart, which is also the effect that political documents such as the Order of Seeking the Virtue he originally promulgated can't achieve. Then he quotes four sentences from the Book of Songs Xiaoya Luming Literature to describe the scene of the banquet between the two sides, which means that as long as you come to me, I will definitely stay. We can get along and cooperate happily and harmoniously. In short, the poet quotes ancient poems naturally and appropriately, just like his own, and expresses his wish properly. The following eight sentences of "Clearly as the moon" are the third section, which emphasize and take care of the first two sections and sixteen sentences. That is to say, the four sentences starting from "Clearly as the moon" say sorrow, and emphasize and take care of the first section; The four sentences starting from "crossing the street" say that the second section should be treated with courtesy and care. This emphasis on care makes the whole poem have the effect of low-spirited and repeated chanting. "When will it be as clear as the moon?" means when will the bright moon in the sky stop running? Metaphorically speaking, my thirst for virtue is like the bright moon in the sky, which will never stop. Finally, the following eight sentences of "Moon Stars are scarce" are the fourth quarter, which further deepens my thirst for virtue. The four sentences of "Moon Ming" are not only accurate and vivid brushstrokes, but also metaphorical meanings. Shen Deqian, a Qing dynasty, said in "The Source of Ancient Poetry": "Moon Stars are scarce. In the situation of tripartite confrontation, the poet was at a loss for a moment. The poet inspired them with the scene of crows circling trees and "what branches to rely on". Don't be half-hearted, be good at choosing branches and live, and come to my side quickly. Finally, the four sentences of "Duke of Zhou" make the finishing point, clearly showing that people are expected to submit to me and Cao Cao, and point out the main idea of the whole poem. The allusion to "Duke of Zhou spit and feed" I'm in the world, and I'm not light in the world. However, if I hold my hair for three times, I'm afraid of losing people in the world. "This seems to express the poet's mood. On the whole, this poem is like Cao Cao's other poems with strong political nature, mainly because he was at that time.