When it comes to Qin Guan, it makes people feel heartbroken, as if they see him with tears in his eyes and he is sad alone. If you ask the poet how much sadness he has, he will tell us that his sadness is as vast as the sea and as endless as the Yangtze River. That is, "Spring is gone, and thousands of red spots are as sad as the sea" (Qianqiu Sui), " I hate you for a long time, when can I rest? As soon as I climb the stairs when the catkins are flying and the flowers are falling, the spring river is full of tears, endless flow, and a lot of sorrow." ("Jiang Cheng Zi"). Throughout the ages, both literati and warriors are not immune to the pain of sorrow, but most of these men express their pent-up depression by patting the railings and sighing. Qin Guan, as mentioned in his poem "Jiang Chengzi" above, put him All the sorrow turned into tears and flowed out. How many tears did Qin Guan leave? Some scholars have carefully studied this academic issue and concluded that among Qin Guan's seventy-seven poems, thirteen contain the word "tears", with a frequency of 16.8%. However, although this frequency can make Qin Guan enter the top three of the "sad list" of poets, it is not enough to make him top the list. Yan Jidao's 18.1% and Zhou Bangyan's 17.7% are even better. Only when sentences about crying are also included, Qin Guan's sad frequency can reach 24.7%, so that he can firmly take the lead.
Qin Guan indeed deserves the sympathy of future generations. His melancholy and haggardness are heartbreaking, because this sensitive and passionate poet is so unfortunate. During his lifetime, he only wrote a few love poems, but he was used as a basis to attack him by his political opponents. As a result, he had no hope of promotion in his official career. After his death, he was accused of speaking shabbily. His emotions are delicate, but he is also regarded as fragile, and he is ridiculed by those rough people. Being one of the "Four Scholars of the Soviet Union" seemed to be his honor, but it was Su Dongpo's appreciation that caused such a small person to be inexplicably involved in the whirlpool of party strife. He was demoted further and further away, and was almost driven away. The ends of the earth are devastated. However, "poor before working" may not be published. It was his misfortune that made him a "sad man in ancient times" and left us many beautiful and sad little words.
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Is the "guan" of Qin Guan the "guan" (guān) of watching, or the "guan" (guàn) of "Taoist temple"? This is not a simple question, nor is it something we have just discovered today. People in the Southern Song Dynasty have been arguing about this pronunciation. The great poet Liu Kezhuang said that "Guan" in Lu You's calligraphy "Guan" means "Qu", so "Guan" in Qin Guan is also "Qu". His evidence is that someone wrote a poem at that time: "Zhi Weng has taken care of his own affairs, but he can't go to Shanyin Lu Wu Guan" "After seeing the poem, Lu You said with a smile: "I am self-conscious and have a clear voice. How can I suppress Zuo Pingsheng?" ("Houcun Poetry Talk") Later, those famous university scholars such as Cha Shenxing and Qian Daxin also holds this view after verification and research. However, Ye Shaoweng, a great scholar of the Southern Song Dynasty, said that Lu You's character was in Ping tone, so Qin Guan's "Guan" was also in Ping tone ("Wen Jian Lu of the Four Dynasties").
Whether the "view" in Lu You Lu Wu Guan is a flat voice or a de-sounding voice is a more complicated question, which makes people have a headache just thinking about it. Fortunately, some scholars have pointedly pointed out that Lu You's name may not necessarily be related to Qin Guan's name. It has always been said that Lu You's mother dreamed of Qin Guan and gave birth to Lu You, but legends are legends after all, and Lu You has never admitted this, let alone The names of the four Lu brothers, Lu Song, Lu Jun, Lu You and Lu Wei, are all related to water, so the "you" in Lu You has nothing to do with tourism, that is, it has nothing to do with Qin Shaoyou. The three Qin brothers are Qin Guan, also known as Shaoyou; Qin Zhan, also known as Shaoyi; Qin Gou, also known as Shaozhang. The names of the three people are written as "Guan", "觌" and "觏" respectively. These three words are related to "watch" and "see", so Qin Guan's view should be the "view" of watching.
Although Qin Guan ranks first among the three Qin brothers, he is the seventh among his uncles, so he is often called "Qin Qi". Chen Houshan once said: "The only poets of today's generation are Qin Qi and Huang Jiuer, who are not the same as those in the Tang Dynasty." The Qin Qi here is Qin Guan, and the "Huang Jiu" is Huang Tingjian, another great scholar of the Su family. The title Qin Guan gave himself was Hangou Jushi, and scholars like to call him Mr. Huaihai. His collection of poems is also called "Huaihai Jushi Long and Short Sentences" because Qin Guan was from Gaoyou. However, Qin Guan was born in Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province. After he was five years old, he returned to Gaoyou with his grandfather and parents.
After that, Qin Guan lived in Gaoyou for more than thirty years. He did not leave until he became a Jinshi at the age of 37 and entered his official career. In the past thirty years, apart from traveling from time to time, Qin Qi's main activity was studying behind closed doors. Incredibly, the young Qin Guan's favorite thing to read was the book of military strategists. When he was 24 years old, he wrote a poem "Guo Ziyi Riding Alone to See the Captives", praising Guo Ziyi's bravery and invincibility: "When things are urgent, it is better to do so." If there is a conspiracy, it will be difficult for the army to stick to the ordinary rules...so we must guard all four sides and remove the enemy from both sides. The idea is quite rare. But I was used to Qin Shaoyou's "Girls' Poems" and Qin Qi's exclusive love. I burst into tears. When I read the biography of Qin Guan in "History of the Song Dynasty" again, I was quite surprised, because "History of the Song Dynasty" said that Qin Guan was "a young and handsome young man." He is generous and good at words; he is ambitious and vigorous, loves to see the unexpected, reads military strategists' books, and understands his own ideas." It is indeed incredible that the young Qi was once full of heroic spirit and generosity.
Yan Jidao's poetry style is deep and profound, and he is skilled in romance. He is as famous as Nai's father and is known as "Er Yan" in the world.
However, authors at that time and later generations spoke highly of him and believed that his achievements were above all. "Yan Xiaoshan in the Northern Song Dynasty was good at romance, and he was as good as Yuan Xian (Yan Shu) and Wen Zhong (Ouyang Xiu)... his words were graceful and unique for a while." ("Bai Yuzhai Ci Hua") The style of poetry is close to that of his father. It not only has the elegance and melodiousness of Yan Shu's poetry style, but also has more clear and clear language; it is also more serious and sad than Yan Shu's poetry. Especially in terms of romantic words, he is even better than his father. Due to differences in social status and life experiences, the ideological content of Yan Shu's poems is much deeper than that of Yan Shu's poems. There are many chapters that sympathize with the fate of singing girls and dancers and praise their beautiful hearts. There are also memories and descriptions of personal affairs. Through the personal experience of yesterday's dream, he describes the joys and sorrows of the world in a sentimental, poignant and moving style. In some works, they show an unconventional and disdainful attitude and character.
Liu Yong is one of the four banners of the Wanyue School. Among the four banners, Liu Yong is known as "Long Love" and is known as "Haosu Niliu". Liu Yong is the author of the famous poem "Yulin Ling" with pictures
Like the twenty-eight girls from the south of the Yangtze River, they are fresh, graceful, delicate and unique. Liu Yong's poems are sad and touching, and the love between his children is long, but they are not overwhelming. The artistic conception of the lyrics is refined and uninhibited. So much so that "every time a musician in a music studio acquires a new tune, he must seek to make his lyrics permanent and spread them throughout the world." Although there is a legacy of the Huajian Ci School, it is also innovative and unique. Liu Yong is a great poet in the Northern Song Dynasty and plays an important role in the history of poetry. He expanded the scope of his poetry and produced many excellent works. Many chapters used sad tunes to sing the pain of some down-and-out literati in the prosperous age, which was truly touching. He also described the bustling scene of the city and the scenery of the four seasons, as well as themes such as traveling to immortals, chanting history, chanting objects, etc. Liu Yong developed the style of poetry and has preserved more than 200 poems, using as many as 150 tones, most of which are unprecedented, modified from old accents or new homemade tones, and seven out of ten The eighth is long and slow Ci, which has made great contributions to the liberation and progress of Ci. Liu Yong also enriched the expression techniques of his words. His words pay attention to the composition and structure, his style of writing is sincere and clear, his language is natural and fluent, and he has a distinctive personality. He inherited Dunhuang music, wrote a large number of "slang words" in folk spoken language, and developed Jin and Yuan music. Liu's lyrics often use new accents and beautiful accents, which are charming and affectionate and full of musical beauty. His words were not only widely circulated at that time, but also had a profound influence on later generations.
Wang Guowei believes: "Mr. Zhou (Zhou) worked on everything in poetry and prose, but he has not completely deviated from the path of the ancients. In his life's writings, Yuefu was his first. Poet A and B, the Song Dynasty people have already made a conclusion However, Zhang Shuxia (Zhang Yan) was not as lofty in his artistic conception as Ou, Su, Qin, and Huang. They were more sophisticated and sophisticated, but they were not as good as the poets of the Tang Dynasty. Qin is like Mojie, Qi Qing is like Lotte, Fang Hui, Shu Ping and others like Dali Shizi are the only ones in the Southern Song Dynasty who can be compared to Changli, and Lao Du in the poem must be Mister. In the past, Qi Qing was compared to Shaoling. "It means you are the master of Ci poetry in the Northern Song Dynasty." The "collection" of Zhou Bangyan's poems can be viewed from three aspects. In terms of the search, approval, and textual research of poems, he has contributed to the collection and creation of poems; in terms of his achievements in writing skills, he is good at understanding romance. , the description is skillful and thoughtful, and he is good at integrating the poems of thousands of people, and the wording is neat and neat; in terms of creative style, halal poetry is unique because it can integrate the achievements of Liu Yong in the Northern Song Dynasty to Qin Guan, He Zhu and others. He developed Liu Yong's narrative technique of using poems as a poem, and took in the softness of Qin's poems and the beauty of congratulations, forming his own elegant style that is good at outline, clever at cutting, and exquisite in workmanship.