First, it is a poem from "Returning to the Garden and Living in the Fields Part One".
2. Expanding knowledge:
1. Appreciation of the original poem: "Returning to the Garden and Living in the Fields·Part 1"
There is no suitable vulgar rhyme, and one's nature is to love mountains and hills. . I accidentally fell into the dust net and passed away for thirty years.
The tame birds miss the old forest, and the fish in the pond miss their old abyss. Open up the wilderness in the south, stay humble and return to the garden.
The square house covers more than ten acres and has eight or nine thatched houses. The elms and willows shade the back eaves, and the peach and plum trees in front of the hall.
The distant village is warm and the smoke is lingering in the ruins. Dogs bark in the deep alleys, cocks crow in the mulberry trees.
The courtyard is clean of dust and clutter, and the empty room has plenty of leisure. After being in a cage for a long time, you can return to nature.
2. Introduction to the work: "Returning to the Garden and Living in the Fields" is a collection of poems written by Tao Yuanming, a litterateur in the Jin and Song Dynasties. It consists of five poems (six poems in one book). The first poem goes from the strong boredom of official life to the beautiful and moving pastoral scenery and the comfort and joy of rural life. It reveals a feeling of relief and expresses the love for nature and freedom. The second poem focuses on describing the tranquility of rural life. It uses simple and unpretentious language to describe a peaceful and pure world without any embellishment, expressing the tranquility of the countryside and the author's tranquility of mind. The third poem delicately and vividly describes the author's experience of farm labor life. The style is light yet elegant, and is filled with the poet's happiness and pride in his retreat. The author of the fourth poem personally participates in labor and loves labor, which shows that not only does he not reduce his interest in labor because he goes out early and returns late to work hard, but instead deepens his feelings for labor and strengthens his determination to return to farming throughout his life. The fifth poem tells the story of the author's return from farming, expressing his joy and contentment, with mellow content and sincere emotions. The sixth poem tells the story of the poet's day's working life, and finally reveals his experience of working and his intention of living in the field. Various scholars thought that the last poem was not a poem by Tao, but Su Shi thought it was a poem by Tao, and commented: "Yuanming's poems seem loose and slow at first glance, but after a while there are strange sentences." (See "Lengzhai Poetry Talk")
3. Introduction to the author: Tao Yuanming (365-427), a poet, poet and prose writer of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. A Qian, with the courtesy name Yuan Liang, and his private nickname Jingjie. A native of Chaisang, Xunyang (now Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province). Both "Book of Jin" and "Book of Song" claim that he is the great-grandson of Tao Kan. He once served as Jiangzhou Jijiu, Zhenjun, Peng Zeling, etc., but later resigned and returned to seclusion, abandoning his official career. Good at poetry and prose. Most of the poems describe pastoral scenery and scenes of life in rural areas, which often contain aversion to the dirty officialdom and the spirit of unwillingness to join in the corruption, as well as the yearning for a peaceful society; they also write about the anxiety about the short life and the adaptability to nature and optimism. Anming's concept of life has more philosophical elements. Its artistic characteristics are both plain and hearty; its language is simple and natural, yet quite concise, and has a unique style. There is "Tao Yuanming Collection".