1. Poems about mathematics
1. There is no colorful phoenix flying wings in the body, but there is a clear understanding in the heart.
——"Two Untitled Poems" by Li Shangyin of the Tang Dynasty
2. The white emperor's speech among the colorful clouds, thousands of miles to Jiangling, returned in one day.
——"Early Departure from Baidi City" by Li Bai of the Tang Dynasty
3. I know from afar that my brothers have climbed to a high place, and there is one less person planted with dogwood trees.
——"Remembering Shandong Brothers on September 9th" by Wang Wei of Tang Dynasty
4. Stop and sit in the maple forest at night, the frost leaves are as red as the February flowers.
——"Mountain Journey" by Du Mu of the Tang Dynasty
5. The east wind does not agree with Zhou Lang, and the bronze bird spring locks Er Qiao deeply.
——"Red Cliff" by Du Mu of the Tang Dynasty
6. Beyond the blue sky, the three mountains are halfway down, and the two waters divide Bailuzhou.
——"Ascending the Phoenix Terrace of Jinling" by Li Bai of the Tang Dynasty
7. The flying stream falls three thousand feet, which is suspected to be the Milky Way falling from the sky.
——"Looking at the Lushan Waterfall" by Li Bai of the Tang Dynasty
8. Whoever speaks of the heart of an inch of grass will be rewarded with three rays of spring.
——"Wandering Son's Song" by Meng Jiao of Tang Dynasty
9. The war rages on for three months, and a letter from home is worth ten thousand gold.
——"Spring Hope" by Du Fu of Tang Dynasty
10. The beauty of April in the world is gone, and the peach blossoms in the mountain temple are beginning to bloom.
——"Peach Blossoms in Dalin Temple" by Bai Juyi of the Tang Dynasty
11. I heard the plum blossoms blowing in the morning wind, and the snow piles were all over the four mountains.
——"Plum Blossom" by Lu You of the Song Dynasty
12. After all, the scenery of West Lake in June is different from that of the four seasons.
——"Sent Off to Lin Zifang from Jingci Temple at Dawn" by Yang Wanli of the Song Dynasty
13. The city gate assists the Three Qin Dynasties, and the wind and smoke look out to the Wujin.
——"Sending Du Shaofu to Shuchuan" by Wang Bo of the Tang Dynasty
14. The jade flute is played in the Yellow Crane Tower, and the plum blossoms fall in May in Jiangcheng.
——"Listening to the Flute Playing in the Yellow Crane Tower with Lang Qin," Tang Dynasty. Li Bai
15. Don’t blame me for being happy but melancholy. The whole family wants to go on a boat on the five lakes.
——"A Confidant at the Bi Xun Banquet" Tang Dynasty. Cao Ye
Appreciation of "The east wind does not agree with Zhou Lang, and the bronze bird spring locks two Qiao deeply"
Full text:
"Red Cliff"
The broken halberd sinks in the sand, but the iron is not sold.
I will be able to recognize my previous dynasty.
The east wind does not agree with Zhou Lang,
Tongquechun locks Erqiao deeply.
Notes:
1. Broken halberd sinking in the sand: a broken halberd sank into the sand; halberd: a kind of weapon.
2. East wind: Soochow used fire attacks to attack Cao Ying in the west with the help of east wind.
3. Zhou Lang: Zhou Yu, commander of the Wu army.
4. Er Qiao: The two beauties of Wu Kingdom, Da Qiao married the king of Wu Kingdom; Xiao Qiao married Zhou Yu.
Translation:
The broken halberd sank in the sand, but it has not been melted for six hundred years;
I took it and polished it myself, and recognized it as the red halberd. Used for war.
If the east wind had not facilitated Zhou Yu's fire attack;
Da Qiao and Xiao Qiao would have been locked up in the Tongque Tower by Cao Cao. 2. Poems about mathematics
There are many poems related to mathematics. Selected parts are as follows:
1. "Mountain Village Ode"
(Northern Song Dynasty) Shao Yong
After walking for two or three miles, there were four or five houses in Yancun,
six or seven pavilions, and eighty or ninety flowers.
2. "Snow Plum"
(Ming Dynasty) Lin Hejing
One piece, two pieces, three or four pieces, five pieces, six pieces, seven or eight pieces.
Nine, ten, and countless pieces flew into the plum blossoms and disappeared.
3. "Girlfriend's Grudge"
(Qing Dynasty) Huang Huanzhong
A hundred-foot tower and a ten thousand-foot stream, the cloud book was sent to western Liaoning in eighty-nine years.
I suddenly heard that the geese are flying in February, and I hate the fact that the rooster sings at midnight.
The five or six return periods are hopeless, and the seven thousand hatreds are not yet complete.
I have looked around at Gu Hongying for half my life, and for ten years I have been saddened by the cuckoo’s cry.
4. "Elegy of Dr. Yue"
(Tang Dynasty) King Luo Bin
It's a pity that life is so fast, and he laments that this road is difficult. The hills and mountains are filled with hatred, but the words and laughter are always joyful.
It’s late in the desolate suburbs, and the wells are desolate and cold. Whoever is a guest will only see Ren An.
Whose land is in the wormwood, and who is in the pine gate? A hundred years and thirty thousand days, a farewell for thousands of years.
5. "Quequatrains"
(Tang Dynasty) Du Fu
Two orioles sang in the green willows, and a row of egrets climbed into the blue sky. The window contains the snow of Qianqiu in the Xiling Mountains, and the door is docked with ships thousands of miles away from Dongwu.
6. "The Envoy to the Fortress"
(Tang Dynasty) Wang Wei
The bicycle wants to ask about the side, but the country is too far away. Zheng Peng left Hansai, returned to Yan and entered Hutian. The desert is solitary and the smoke is straight, the sun is setting over the long river. When Xiao Guan meets the officials, they all protect Yan Ran.
7. "Traveling is Difficult·Part 1"
Tang Dynasty: Li Bai
A gold bottle of sake is worth ten thousand dollars, and a jade plate is worth ten thousand dollars of treasure. Stopping the cup and throwing chopsticks, I can't eat. I draw my sword and look around at a loss. If you want to cross the Yellow River, which is blocked by ice, you will have to climb the snow-covered mountains of Taihang.
8. "Song of the Eight Immortals while Drinking"
(Tang Dynasty) Du Fu
Li Bai drank wine and slept in a restaurant in Chang'an City.
The emperor couldn't get on the ship, so he claimed that he was a wine-drinking immortal.
9. "Inscription on the Western Forest Wall"
Su Shi (Song Dynasty)
Viewed from the side, it is a ridge and a peak on the side, with different heights near and far. I don’t know the true face of Mount Lu, just because I am in this mountain.
10. "A Visit with a Young Man"
(Tang Dynasty) Li Bai
The purple swallow has golden eyes, tweeting and swaying green. We chase each other in peacetime and make friends with Luo Mendong. A young man learned swordsmanship and defeated the White Ape Lord.
The beaded robe is trailing the brocade belt, and the dagger is stuck in Wu Hong. It comes from the fact that ten thousand people are brave and carry the glory of this life. Entrusted to Congju Meng, bought drunk into Xinfeng.
Laughing down a glass of wine in a murderous city.
11. "Four Poems for Drinking Alone Under the Moon"
(Tang Dynasty) Li Bai
A pot of wine among the flowers, drinking alone without any blind date. Raise a glass to invite the bright moon, and make three people in the shadows. The moon doesn't know how to drink, and its shadow follows me. For now, the moon will be shadowed, and we must have fun until spring.
12. "Pour wine and ask about the moon"
(Tang Dynasty) Li Bai
When will the moon come in the blue sky, I will stop drinking and ask. People cannot reach the bright moon, but the moon travels with people.
As bright as a flying mirror, it comes to Danque, and the green smoke extinguishes the clear brilliance. But seeing the night coming from the sea, I would rather know that it has disappeared into the clouds.
13. "Chibianlou"
(Tang Dynasty) Xue Tao
The clouds and birds in the plain forest are in the eight windows of autumn, overwhelming the forty states of Xichuan. All generals should not be greedy for the Qiang tribe's horses, as they will always be on the sidelines at the highest level.
14. "Plum Blossom Quatrains·Part 1"
(Song Dynasty) Lu You
I heard the plum blossoms blowing in the morning wind, and the snow piles were all over the four mountains. How can one transform into hundreds of billions, one plum blossom tree and one blooming man?
15. "Peach Blossoms in Dalin Temple"
(Tang Dynasty) Bai Juyi
When the beauty of April in the world is gone, the peach blossoms in the mountain temple begin to bloom. Everlasting regret has no place to return to in spring, and I don’t know where to turn. 3. Ancient poems about mathematics
There are many ancient poems about numbers. Here is an example of "Pagoda Lighting":
1. Pagoda Lighting
This is a question in the "Nine Chapters of Algorithm and Analogy" written by Wu Jingzian, a mathematician from the Ming Dynasty. The title is:
Looking at the seventh floor of the towering tower from a distance, the red lights are multiplying.
***Lights three hundred and eighty-one, how many lights are there on the top floor?
Solution:
Sum of multiples of each layer:
1+2+4+8+16+32+64=127
Number of lights on the top floor: 381÷127=3 (cups)
2. Introduction to the work:
Jiuzhdng suanfa bileidaquan (Jiuzhdng suanfa bileidaquan) is also known as "Nine Chapters Detailed Notes" "Comprehensive Collection of Comparison Algorithms". An arithmetic book from the early Ming Dynasty. The first volume of ten volumes was written by Wu Jing in the Ming Dynasty and was completed in 1450.
The first volume of the book is "Examples of Multiplication, Division and Square Extraction", which aims to explain the basic theory of algorithms and lists the notation of large numbers, notation of decimals, units of weights and measures, the four arithmetic operations of integers and fractions, positioning, and division. Squares, differences and other terms are explained one by one in the form of poetry. The beginning of the volume also proposes a "writing algorithm" that has never appeared in previous Chinese mathematics works: according to the number of digits in the multiplication of two numbers, draw the square accordingly. , place the two multipliers above and to the right of the square, choose a direction to draw the diagonal line of each square, and write the product of each two numbers in the corresponding square, with the tens digit at the top and the ones digit at the bottom. Write the rules, and then add the diagonal rows one by one to get the digits of the product required. Volumes 1 to 9 are a compilation of solutions to more than 1,400 applied problems. They follow the style of "Nine Chapters of Arithmetic" and belong to Fangtian, Millet, and Shaanxi. Nine categories are divided, Shao Guang, Shang Gong, Loss of Loss, Insufficiency of Profit, Equation, and Pythagorean. Each volume includes three parts: ancient questions, poems, and analogies: ancient questions are mostly based on the content of "Nine Chapters on Arithmetic" and are also adapted from Yang Hui's "Nine Chapters on Arithmetic". Detailed explanation of the contents of books such as "Nine Chapters of Algorithms"; poems are based on songs to express calculations; analogies are similar to algorithms, and are combined with practical problems at that time, including commodity exchange, partnership, interest calculation, and distribution of goods (compensation based on the price of goods) Fees), etc. Volume 10 "Various Square Roots", including square root, cube root, higher power root and strip root from square and strip from cube. The method used is "Li Cheng Release Lock Method" instead of "Multiplication Method" ". This book mainly introduces the planning method, but also mentions the abacus. This book is now handed down as an engraving in the first year of Hongzhi in the Ming Dynasty (1488).
3. Introduction to the author:
Wu Jing, whose courtesy name is Xinmin and whose title is called Yiweng. A native of Renhe, Zhejiang (now Hangzhou). He once served as the chief envoy of Zhejiang Province and the shogunate. His birth and death dates are unknown, but he lived around 1450 in the 15th century. He was a mathematician during the Jingtai period of the Ming Dynasty in China and the author of "Nine Chapters on Algorithms and Analogies".
4. What are the poems related to mathematics?
1. "Mencius Poetry" by Shao Yong, Song Dynasty
After going two or three miles, there are four or five houses in Yancun.
There are six or seven trees in front of the door, with eighty or ninety flowers.
2. "Poems of a Resentful Man" by Zhuo Wenjun
After parting, the two places missed each other, only saying that it was March and April;
Who knew May or Six In the year, I have no intention of playing the lyre;
There is no letter to pass on the eight-line script, and the nine-link chain is broken in the middle;
The ten-mile long pavilion is full of eyes, full of lovesickness, thousands of longings, and all kinds of helplessness to complain.
There are thousands of words to say, and I am bored by ten columns. I climb high to see the geese. The moon is full in the Mid-Autumn Festival in August and people are not round;
In the middle of July, I burn incense and ask questions. Heaven, in the dog days of June, everyone is fanning my fans;
In May, the pomegranates are like fire, but the cold rain watered the flowers; in April, the loquats are not yet yellow, and I want to look into the mirror and feel confused;
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In March the peach blossoms turn with the water, in February the kite string breaks;
Oops! Lang, Lang, I wish you would be a girl and I would be a boy in the next life.
3. "Looking at the Lushan Waterfall" by Li Bai, Tang Dynasty
The incense burner in the sunshine produces purple smoke, and you can see the waterfall hanging in front of the river in the distance.
The flying stream plummets down three thousand feet, which is suspected to be the Milky Way falling from the sky.
4. "Early Departure from Baidi City" by Li Bai, Tang Dynasty
Bai Di's farewell speech was among the colorful clouds, and a thousand miles of rivers and mountains were returned in one day.
The apes on both sides of the bank can't stop crying, and the boat has passed the Ten Thousand Mountains.
5. "Weicheng Song" Wang Wei, Tang Dynasty
The morning rain in Weicheng is light and dusty, and the guesthouses are green and willow-colored.
I advise you to drink another glass of wine. There will be no old friends when you leave Yangguan in the west.
5. Poems about mathematics
The majestic ancient temple is in the mountains and forests. I don’t know how many monks there are in the temple.
Three hundred and sixty-four bowls, look at them all.
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Three people can eat one bowl of rice, and four people can eat one bowl of soup.
Could you please tell me how many monks are in the temple?
The meaning of the poem is: There are three hundred and sixty-four bowls in the temple. If three monks eat one bowl of rice and four monks eat one bowl of soup, each monk will eat one bowl of soup. If you have something to eat, how many monks are there in the temple?
"Everything is perfect" means that it is very accurate, and the late number is just like this, not bad at all.
Obviously, this algebra problem can be solved by junior high school students with just a little use of their brains. Solution - Suppose the number of monks is In the book "Algorithm Unification" written by the great mathematician Cheng Dawei, there is a mathematical application problem in the form of poetry, called the Hundred Sheep Problem.
A drives a flock of sheep to chase the lush grass, and B drags a sheep to follow. Afterwards,
A was asked playfully if he wanted one hundred? What Jia Yun said is correct,
The result is such a group, and then add half a group of smaller groups,
You only need one to make it together, who can guess the mystery?
The meaning of this question is: A shepherd was driving a group of sheep to find a place with lush green grass. A man leading a sheep followed from behind and asked the shepherd: "Do you have this place?" Are there 100 sheep in the flock?" The shepherd said, "If I have another flock of sheep like this, plus half and a quarter of this flock, together with your sheep, it will be exactly 100." Who can Use a clever method to find out how many sheep there are in this flock?
The solution to this question is:
(100-1)÷(1+1+1/2+1/4)=36
3 .Li Bai makes a drink
Li Bai walks on the street, carrying a pot to make a drink;
When he encounters a shop, he pays twice as much, when he sees a flower, he drinks a bucket;
Three encounters Shop and flowers, drink up the wine in the jug.
How much wine was originally in the jug?
This is a folk arithmetic question. The meaning of the question is: Li Bai is walking on the street, holding a wine pot and drinking wine. Every time he encounters a hotel, he doubles the wine in the pot. When you get to the flower, drink a dou (a dou is an ancient unit of capacity, 1 dou = 10 liters). In this way, when you meet the flowers in the shop three times each time, drink all the wine. Ask how much wine is in the pot? < /p>
4. One Hundred Buns and One Hundred Monks
There is such a question in "Algorithm Tongzong" written by Cheng Dawei, a great mathematician in the Ming Dynasty:
One hundred buns and one hundred monks Hundreds of monks, three senior monks, no more;
Three junior monks are divided into one, how many monks are there each?
This question can be solved by the hypothesis method. Now assume that there are 100 great monks,
(3*100-100)÷(3-1÷3)
=75 (people)………… Number of young monks
100-75=25 (people) Number of big monks
5. The mute buys meat
This It is also an arithmetic problem in Cheng Dawei's "Algorithm of Tongzong":
A dumb man comes to buy meat. It is hard to tell the amount of money. A pound is less than forty,
Nine taels is more than sixteen .I would like to ask those who can count, how much meat is there now?