Year: Song Author: Xin Qiji Genre: Ci
When you are drunk, you look at the sword and dream of blowing the horn.
Eight hundred miles of moxibustion, fifty strings of external sound.
Autumn soldiers on the battlefield.
The horse makes the road fast and the bow is like a thunderbolt.
Despite the king's affairs in the world, he won a reputation before he died.
Poor hair has become a white-haired man!
To annotate ...
This word was written when the author was frustrated and lived in Xinzhou. He has not experienced previous battlefield battles, but he has a passion for battlefield battles. By creating a magnificent artistic conception, the word expresses the strong feelings of killing the enemy and serving the country, restoring the mountains and rivers of the motherland and establishing fame. Finally, I expressed my grief and indignation at my unfulfilled ambition.
[Creation background] This word was written around 1 188. At that time, Xin Qiji was dismissed and lived in a lake in Jiangxi. Chen Liang, a commoner, was "brilliant, fond of talking about military affairs, argumentative and lively, and wrote thousands of words at once." Xin and Chen are both talented and ambitious people, and they are both people who advocate rejuvenating the country with gold.
[Content Analysis] This poet, who was full of worries about his home country, drank wine to drown his sorrows after his friend left. He lit the oil lamp, drew his sword, and returned to the fighting situation in a daze. The loud horn blew all over the "company camp", and the soldiers were sharing large pieces of barbecue on the vast land. At this time, the drums and instruments are all ringing, reflecting the magnificent military music of the frontier fortress life in the poet's works, and the seemingly effortless scene of ordering troops naturally gushes out fierce fighting passion. The word "Lian" reveals the grandeur of momentum and the incorruptibility of military capacity. "Eight Hundred Miles" and "Fifty Strings" are natural, and complement each other with "Blowing Fighting", creating a magnificent and broad artistic conception.
The next film begins with two close-ups: the horse flying fast and the arrow thundering, which is thrilling. Horses and arrows, two typical things, are vividly written in colorful words. All this is to "end" the national humiliation, restore the "great events in the world" in the Central Plains, give full play to one's talents, and win "fame before one's death" for the country! After reading these, the vivid scenes of commanding soldiers, the heroic soldiers who will raise flags, and the sincere loyalty of "ending the king of the world" are all on the paper, but a sudden turning point-"poor white hair is born"! From the peak of ideal to the abyss of reality, the whole word came to an abrupt end, leaving readers with endless thoughts.
The tone of this poem is majestic and high-pitched, which is really worthy of being "unreasonable." But the tragic and touching ending of the sentence is in sharp contrast with this, which makes people feel emotional and thoughtful. The structure of this word is also different from ordinary words. The semantic coherence of the first and the last sentence is a typical work of Xin Qiji's "depression and frustration".
[Notes on Difficult Words] ① Chen Tongfu: Chen Liang (1143-1194), whose real name is Futong, is a good friend of Xin Qiji. He is brilliant, insists on resisting gold and has never been an official. He was an important poet of the Southern Song Dynasty. ② Subordinate: refers to his subordinates.
Li Bai has a poem called Yue revisiting the ancient times. The poem reads: "Gou Jian, the king of Yue, broke Wu Gui, and the soldiers returned home dressed in gold. Maids-in-waiting like full spring palace, but now only partridges are flying! " In this seven-character poem, there are three sentences about the prosperity of Gou Jian, the king of Yue, and the last sentence points out the decline of Yue. Although the feelings expressed are obviously different, the layout of the poems is similar. Ci begins with two dialogues, two, two, and shows multi-level affection through concrete and vivid description. The first sentence, only six words, used three continuous and distinctive actions. After being "drunk", why not go to bed, but "light up"? "Pick" this "light", why don't you do nothing, just pull out your sword and look at the light again and again? This series of questions, as long as you look at the whole word carefully, may make the answers you deserve, so there is no need to explain. "Silence is better than sound". What kind of "explanation" can show the inner world of the characters more powerfully than this wordless action?
The action of "lighting" once again highlights the night scene. In the dead of night, when everything is silent, the strong man can't sleep, so he has to eat wine alone. If you still can't calm down after being drunk, just follow the "lighting" and then "watching the sword". He tossed and turned and finally fell asleep.
As soon as I fell asleep, everything I just thought became a dream. I didn't say what I "dreamed", but I quickly put on a new lens: "Dream Back to Blowing Horn Camp". A brave man woke up from a good dream and it was dawn. A military camp is connected to a military camp, and a bugle sounded. How powerful the horn sounds! And that brave man happens to be the general in charge of these barracks. So he jumped up, armed to the teeth, trying to turn everything he thought in his "drunk" and "dream" into reality.
Three or four sentences, there is no need to talk about antithesis, and poets also use even sentences. Here, however, the opposite is true. Two words of great skill and vigor highlight the majestic military capacity and show the high fighting mood of the vast number of soldiers. "One man commands 800 Li, and fifty strings cross the Great Wall": The soldiers rejoiced and enjoyed the roast beef distributed by the generals; The army played exciting fighting music. As soon as the beef is finished, it is neatly arranged. General high-spirited, "beginning of autumn stand guard". How well the word "autumn" is written! Just when the autumn in Mazhuang was crisp, the "point soldier" went out, indicating an invincible prospect.
According to the score, Broken Array consists of two films with the same syntax, level tone and rhyme. The beginning of the latter film is called "Guo pian", which is generally written as: it must be related to the previous film and "change its meaning", thus indicating that this is another paragraph, forming a realm of "breaking mountains and clouds".
Xin Qiji often breaks through this restriction, for example, Twelve Brothers by He Xinlang Biemao's family, and so is this song. After "Autumn Soldiers Go to the Battlefield", the momentum is magnificent, which runs through the film "Ma Zuolu flies, the bow is like a thunderbolt": the general leads an iron horse, gallops on his horse, rushes to the front line with his whip, and the bow is thundering and ten thousand arrows are fired in unison. Defeated soldiers, messy; The general took the lead, pursued victory, and ended the battle instantly; The song of triumph is played and colorful flags are flying.
This is a counterattack. The general is patriotic, but he also pursues fame. If you win the first world war, you will achieve great fame and fortune, which will not only "end Wang's world affairs" but also "make contributions before you die." Isn't it magnificent
If we stop here, it will really be "arguing irrationally". However, in that era when capitulationists dominated state affairs, the conditions for really "strong words" were not yet available. What I wrote above is exactly the ideal that the poet is striving for. The poet expanded his rich imagination and became a general in the world. He just climbed to the peak of his ideal, and suddenly plunged back to the cold reality, sighing: "Poor Bai! White hair has been born, but the ideal of recovering lost ground has become a bubble. When I think that I only have lofty aspirations, but I "have no battlefield to serve the country" (to borrow Lu You's poem "Tap Water"), I can only eat wine in sleepless nights, watch the sword in a drunken dream and chase the battlefield in my dreams. This situation is really "sad". However, who "pities" him? So he wrote this "Zhuang Ci" and gave it to Chen Tongfu, who was also in poverty.
Fortis is Chen Liang's word. Scholars call him Mr. Longchuan. He is brilliant, bold and free to speak. He claimed to be able to "tear down the wisdom and courage of the whole life and open the heart of the times." He wrote Five Theories on Zhongxing and Filial Piety, and actively advocated the war of resistance, so he was hit by capitulationists.
In the winter of Song Xiaozong's fifteenth year of Xichun (1 188), he visited Xin Qiji in Shangrao and stayed here for ten days. After that, Xin Qiji wrote a poem "He Xinlang" for him, and he also wrote a song. Later, I sang the same epigraph over and over again. This song "Broken Array" was written around this period.
In the sense of the whole word, the first nine sentences are a paragraph, which vividly depicts the image of a brave, loyal and brave general, thus showing the poet's great ambition. The last sentence is a passage, expressing the grief and indignation of "ambition is hard to pay" with deep regret. From this comparison, we can think of the court in the Southern Song Dynasty.
There is something noteworthy about the tone of this word. There are two six words in Broken Array, namely "Pingqi" in the upper sentence and "Pingqi" in the lower sentence, which constitute a harmonious homophonic. The unity of contradictions is formed. The author makes good use of this tone of contradiction and unity, and appropriately shows the complex psychological changes of the lyric hero and the transformation of many scenes such as battle preparation, battle progress and battle victory in the dream, which has received vivid artistic effects.
The layout of this word is also noteworthy. The phrase "watching the sword while drunk" suddenly began, followed by the awakening of the horn, the division of company battalions, the deployment of troops on the battlefield, and the rout of the enemy, just like an eagle rising and soaring in the air. However, when soaring in the sky, it suddenly fell, sighing that "poverty happened", which forced readers to shed tears of regret and pity for the author's ambition.