"Grass"
Tang Dynasty: Bai Juyi
The grass grows in Liliyuan, withering and growing every year.
The wildfire cannot be burned out, but the spring breeze blows it again.
The distant fragrance invades the ancient road, and the clear green meets the deserted city.
I sent the king and grandson off again, and the love was full of farewell.
"Wildfire never burns out, but the spring breeze blows and grows again." This is the development of the word "withered and prosperous", changing from a concept to an image. The characteristic of ancient grass is its tenacious vitality. It cannot be cut down or hoed to an end. As long as a few roots remain, it will become greener and longer in the coming year and spread quickly across the wilderness. The author grasped this characteristic and instead of saying "it can't be cut down with hoeing", he wrote "it can't be burned by wildfire", thus creating a heroic artistic conception. Wildfires ignited a prairie fire, and the flames were terrifying. In an instant, large tracts of dead grass were burned to the ground. The emphasis on the power of destruction and the pain of destruction is to emphasize the power of regeneration and the joy of regeneration. Fierce fire can "burn out" all the weeds including their stems and leaves, but the author prefers to say that it "cannot be burned out", which is very meaningful. Because no matter how fierce the fire is, it can't help the roots hidden deep in the ground. Once the spring breeze turns into rain, the life of the weeds will revive, and with rapid growth, they will cover the earth again and answer the abuse of fire. Look at the "Grass on the Plain", isn't it a green flag of victory? "Spring breeze blows and rebirths", the language is simple and powerful, and the word "rebirth" is three-part in language but full of meaning. Wu Zeng's "Neng Gai Zhai Man Lu" of the Song Dynasty said that these two sentences are "not as simple and full of meaning as Liu Changqing's "Spring comes into the burnt mark green"", which is actually not the case.
These two sentences not only describe the character of "Yuan Shang Cao", but also write an ideal example of rebirth from the fire. One sentence describes withering, the other describes glory, "cannot be burned" and " "Blow and live" is so interesting to sing and sigh, and the dialogue is also natural and exquisite, so it will be outstanding through the ages. Although the meaning of the Liu sentence is similar, it lacks charm and is far less popular than the Bai sentence.
If these two sentences inherit the word "ancient original grass" and focus on writing "grass", then the fifth and sixth sentences continue to write "ancient original grass" and focus on "ancient original grass" to introduce "ancient original grass". The meaning of the title is "Farewell", so it is a turn. The beauty of the pairing of flowing water in the previous couplet lies in its naturalness; while the beauty of the pairing in this couplet lies in its fine craftsmanship, and the changes are quite consistent. "Yuanfang" and "Jingcui" both describe grass, but the imagery of "Yuanshangcao" is more concrete and vivid. Fang means "far away", and the fragrance of the ancient plains is diffused and smellable; Cui means "clear", and the green grass is bathed in the sun, and the beauty is as beautiful as you can see. The words "invasion" and "connection" follow "rebirth", and write a trend of spreading and expansion, once again highlighting the image of the strong weed in the competition for survival. "Ancient Road" and "Desolate City" are very relevant to the title "Ancient Plains". Although the ancient city was deserted, the growth of green grass restored the ancient plain's youth. Compared with the Qiuyuan in Seng Guhuai's "Autumn Grass on the Plain", which is "creeping in the ancient moat and the remaining sun shining on the deserted terrace", it appears to be full of vitality.
The author did not write about "Guyuan" for the sake of writing about "Guyuan". At the same time, he also arranged a typical setting for farewell: the earth returns in spring and the scene of ancient plains with lush grass is so charming, and the farewell takes place against such a background. How melancholy it is, and how poetic it is at the same time. The word "Wang Sun" is borrowed from Chu Ci to form a sentence, which generally refers to travelers. "The kings and grandsons have never returned from their travels, and the spring grass grows luxuriantly." It refers to people who see the luxuriant grass and miss people who have not returned from their travels. But here the meaning is changed and used. It writes about seeing the luxuriant grass and adding to the sorrow of farewell. It seems that every blade of grass is full of farewell. It is really: "Departure and hatred are just like spring grass. The longer you travel, the farther you will live." (Li Yu's "Qing Ping Le"). What a meaningful ending! At this point in the poem, the word "farewell" is pointed out, the meaning of the title is clarified, and the whole poem is connected. "Guyuan", "grass" and "farewell" are integrated into one, and the artistic conception is extremely harmonious.
The language in the whole poem is natural, smooth and neat. Although it is a propositional poem, it can be integrated with deep feelings of life. Therefore, every word contains true feelings and the language has an aftertaste. It is not only appropriate, but also unique, so it can It is called the swan song in "Fu Dede".