Looking back at Chang 'an, Mount Li is like a pile of splendid scenery, and the gates of Huaqing Palace on the top of the mountain are opened in turn. As soon as I rode on the smile of smoke and smoke, no one knew that the fresh fruit litchi was sent from the south.
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Looking back on Chang 'an, Mount Li looks like a pile of magnificent scenery. On the top of the mountain, thousands of doors of Huaqing Palace opened in turn. As soon as I rode, the smoke billowed and the princess smiled. No one knows that the south has sent litchi fresh fruit.
Creation background
This epic was written by Du Mulu when he arrived in Chang 'an via Huaqing Palace, feeling that Tang Xuanzong and Yang Guifei were extravagant and misunderstood their own country. Huaqing Palace was once a playground for Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty and Yang Guifei. According to "Biography of Yang Guifei in the New Tang Dynasty", "My concubine loves lychee, and she must be born, so she rode it for thousands of miles, and her taste has not changed, and she has arrived in the capital". As a result, many policemen were exhausted and the post horse fell dead on the way from Sichuan to Chang 'an. The quatrains crossing the Qing Palace intercepted this historical fact, attacked the arrogance, extravagance and ignorance of feudal rulers, satirized the present with history and warned the monarch. ?
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The first sentence describes the scenery of Mount Li where Huaqing Palace is located. The poet writes from the perspective of "looking back" in Chang 'an, just like a film photographer. First, he shows a broad and far-reaching panorama of Mount Li in front of the audience: lush trees, lush flowers and plants, palaces and castles stand among them, just like a beautiful group. "Embroidered Pile" not only refers to the East Embroidered Ridge and the West Embroidered Ridge on both sides of Mount Li, but also describes the beauty of Mount Li.
Then, the camera moves forward to show the magnificent palace on the top of the mountain. The normally closed palace door suddenly opened slowly. Then there are two close-ups: outside the palace, an emissary is riding a horse, flying fast, raising clouds of red dust behind him; In the palace, the princess smiled. Several shots seem unrelated to each other, but they all contain suspense carefully arranged by the poet.
Why did "Qianmen" open? Why did "One Ride" come? Why does "concubine" laugh? The poet deliberately kept silent until the tense and mysterious atmosphere made the reader want to know, and then implicitly and euphemistically revealed the mystery: "No one knew it was litchi." "Litchi" tells the whole story. "Biography of Yang Guifei in the New Tang Dynasty": "My concubine loves litchi and wants to be born, so she rode it for thousands of miles, and her taste has not changed. She has arrived in the capital." Knowing this, the suspense in front was released at once, and those shots naturally merged.
Wu Qiao's "Poems Around the Furnace" said: "Poetry has connotations, especially those who tell stories without opinions." The artistic charm of Du Mu's poems lies in its implication and profundity. In the poem, I don't understand Xuanzong's dissolute lust, imperial concubine's love and arrogance. However, the sharp contrast between "Galloping the World of Red Dust" and "Laughing at the Noble Lady" has received much stronger artistic effect than directly expressing her opinions.
The word "princess laughs" has a profound meaning. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Zhou Youwang smiled for Bo Feizi and lit a bonfire, which led to the country's demise. When we read here, is it easy to think of this well-known story? The word "unknown" is also thought-provoking In fact, "litchi lai" is not unknown, at least "concubine" knows, "riding it" knows, and there is another emperor who doesn't mention it in his poem.
This writing is to show that this matter is very important and urgent, and there is no reason for outsiders not to know. This not only exposes the absurdity of the emperor's doing everything he can to please his favorite concubine, but also echoes the unusual atmosphere rendered earlier. The whole poem does not need difficult words, allusions and carvings. Simple and natural, profound and powerful. It is a masterpiece of history in the quatrains of the Tang Dynasty.