Luo
Cicadas sing in the west, and guests think of the south.
I couldn't stand the dark temple shadow, so I poisoned my bald head.
His flight passed through the thick fog, and his pure voice was drowned in the world of wind.
Who knows if he is still singing? Who will listen to me? ?
This poem was written in senior three (678). At that time, King Robin was appointed as an assistant inspector. He was falsely accused of taking bribes because he touched the marquis of Wu in this matter. Syntactically, the first two sentences are antithetical sentences, but in practice, cicadas are used to arouse the guests' thoughts. At the beginning of this poem, Qiu Chan sings loudly, which makes him deaf. Next, it points out that the poet deeply misses his home in prison. Three or four sentences, one about cicada and one about myself, form a flowing pair with "I can't help it" and "I'm right" to connect things with me. The poet satirized Wu Zetian several times and even went to jail. Great young people, after all kinds of political torture, have disappeared, with stars and white hair on their heads. Seeing this singing Qiu Chan in prison, he was still in the dark, and he couldn't help hurting himself. At the same time, he recalled his childhood, which was not as good as Qiu Chan's singing. Now he has accomplished nothing, even went to prison. In these ten words, the poet's method of action is more than ridicule, which euphemistically and tortuous expresses this sad feeling. At the same time, Whitehead is the name of Yuefu music. According to legend, after Sima Xiangru's love for Zhuo Wenjun in the Western Han Dynasty was not special, Zhuo Wenjun wrote a "Whitehead Song" to self-harm. His poem says: "Sadness is heavy and sad. You don't need to cry when you get married. You must unite and never give up. " (See Miscellanies of Xijing) Here, the poet skillfully interpreted this allusion, further implying that the ruler failed the poet's loyalty to the country. The word "Bai tou yin" plays a pun role here, which is deeper than willingness. On the cross, it says, "What's so sad? What's so sad about it? What's so sad? " None of them are used, but they are deliberately hidden, which fully shows the implicit beauty of poetry.
The last five or six sentences are purely "bi". There is not a word in the two sentences that is not about cicadas, and there is not a word that is not about yourself. "Exposing the weight" and "windy" are metaphors of environmental pressure, "flying hard" is a metaphor of political dissatisfaction, and "speaking loudly is easy to sink" is a metaphor of suppressed speech. Cicada is like this, so am I. Things are mixed here and inseparable. Only when the poems about objects are written in such a state can they be regarded as "reposing in the distance".
When the poet wrote this poem, he was full of emotion and skillful, so he was strong in the end. The seventh sentence, make persistent efforts, still use the comparative level. Qiu Chan is on high, eating the wind and drinking the dew. Who believes it doesn't eat fireworks? The poet Yu's character was not known at that time. Instead, he was framed and imprisoned. "Who knows if he is still singing?" It is also an excuse for accepting bribes. However, as Chu Gan Yuan said in Li Sao during the Warring States Period: "The world is turbid and has no points, so it is beautiful and jealous." In this case, who will avenge the poet? "You must pity me and pity you", only cicada can sing for me, and only I can sing for cicada. The last sentence is in the form of a question. Cicada and the poet are integrated.
This poem, written in adversity, is full of emotion, clear metaphor, natural allusions and witty remarks. It expresses feelings in chanting things, from things to people, from people to things, and achieves the realm of unity between things and me. It is a masterpiece in chanting poems.
(Shen) According to
Yu Yishui gives people a unique skill.
Luo
In this place, Jing Ke bid farewell to Yan Taizi Dan, and the strong man was sad and sorrowful.
No one was there at that time, and the water is still cold today.
Chen Xijin, a Qing Dynasty man, said: "The young people in the seaside are down and out, and the humble officials are bankrupt. At first, I was defeated by tribute, but later I put all my eggs in one basket because of grass "(Luo Linhai's Notes). These four sentences roughly sum up Luo's tragic life.
King Robin was indignant at his fate and deeply dissatisfied with Wu Zetian's rule. He is looking forward to the opportunity to do something for the restoration of the Li and Tang Dynasties. However, before this opportunity came, the situation of sinking and depression made the poet fall into the anguish of wandering and seeking. The unique work "Yishui Send Someone" reflects the poet's mood in a tortuous way.
According to historical records, at the end of the Warring States Period, Jing Ke revenged Yan Taizi Dan, trying to coerce the king of Qin with a dagger and make him return to the land of princes. Before leaving, Yan Taizi Dan, Gao Jianli and Yi Song sent the white clothes (mourning clothes) to Yishui, and Gao Jianli struck the floor. Jing Ke replied: "The wind is rustling and the water is cold, and the strong man is gone forever." Song solemn and stirring way, "and? Eyes, hair on the crown. " The first couplet of this poem, "If yan dan is not here, a strong man will break his wrist", is about this. "Here" means Yishui in the poem. The tragic farewell scene and the impassioned emotions of the characters are summarized by "the crown of a strong man" to express the poet's deep respect for Jing Ke. It is natural to say goodbye to friends by the river Yi and think of the story of Jing Ke. However, this way of writing poetry gives people an abrupt feeling. It abandons the common contents of farewell poems such as friends' communication, parting and parting thoughts, but goes straight into history. This vivid brushwork reflects an uncontrollable anger in the poet's heart. He cherishes the present by recalling the past and combines the past with the present. So as to prepare the conditions for the lyric behind and brew the atmosphere.
The second couplet reads, "People left in the past, but the water is still cold today". These two sentences are antithetical sentences, and the former sentence naturally leads to the latter sentence. This last sentence is also the center of the whole poem. It contains feelings in the scenery, and the contrast between the scenery and the scenery not only means that Jing Ke's high morality and integrity, which is not afraid of violence, still exists for thousands of years; It also implies the poet's deep feelings about reality. The function words "Ji" and "You" are used in this poem. Even if the sentence becomes natural and fluent, the syllables become slow and soothing, giving people a thrilling feeling and expressing the grief of depression more effectively.
The title of this poem is "Giving People away", but it doesn't tell us anything about friends leaving, nor does it tell us who to send them to. However, people can completely imagine the passionate and magnificent scene of "generously relying on the sword and singing to send the king away" from its content, and they can also imagine that the people who sent it must be close friends who care for each other. Because only in this way, the poet is willing and able to irresistibly spit out the pieces in his heart when he leaves, saving all the usual farewell words. The title of this poem is "Giving away", but it is purely to express one's feelings. As a farewell poem, this quatrain can be said to be the first to open the atmosphere.
(Zhao)
Thirty-eight senses (part two)
Chen Ziang
Lan Re was born in spring and summer, where is the prosperity!
You are alone in the forest, and Zhu has purple stems.
It's getting late and the autumn wind is coming.
Years old, China is teetering, but what is the significance of Fang?
This five-character poem is dedicated to Lan Xiang Du Ruo. Vanilla and Rico are both herbs, which are beautiful and fragrant. The beauty of Lan Ruo, of course, lies in its beautiful colors, but good flowers need green leaves. Lan Ruo is gorgeous only when the branches and leaves are shaded and meet. Therefore, the work begins with Lan Ruo's branches and leaves, and repeatedly uses synonyms of "avant-garde" and "green" to describe the branches and leaves with the word "he" in the middle, which is full of admiration. If "a thousand tails" is used to set off the beauty of flowers and colors, then "purple stem vermilion" is portrayed from the front with stems and flowers. This kind of stroke is described by colorful "Zhu" and "Zi", and the word "Mao" is used to combine "Zhu" and "Zi Gan" into one. The whole sentence means that scarlet flowers droop and are covered with purple stems, which not only draws the figure of Lan Ruo, but also highlights the modality of his flowers.
Lan Ruo doesn't hold his head in full bloom like chrysanthemum, pretending to be lofty; It is not as magnificent as peony. If blue has red stems and purple flowers, Ye Er is green and looks elegant and delicate. "Lonely and empty forest color", the poet praised Lan Ruo's outstanding beauty, and compared Lan Ruo's outstanding charm with the flower's eclipse. Among them, the combination of contrast and contrast greatly enhances the artistic effect. The word "loneliness" shows narcissistic meaning in the poem.
The first four sentences of this poem praise the beauty of Lan Ruo's elegant demeanor, while the last four sentences turn to lament the passing of his youth. "It's getting late, and the autumn wind is born." From summer to autumn, the days get shorter and shorter. The word "late" describes this gradual change. Use "curl" to describe the autumn wind, which is vivid, cold but not bitter. However, the autumn wind is not harmonious. "Sad autumn for gas also! Bleak, vegetation is declining "(Song Yu's Nine Debates), fragrant flowers naturally wither.
Experience is a group of poems written by Chen Ziang with the theme of expressing life experience and current political feelings. There are thirty-eight poems, and this article is two of them. Lan Ruo's self-comparison in his poems entrusts his personal life experience. Chen Ziang has political talent, but he has been repeatedly excluded and oppressed, and there is no way to serve the country. Forty-one-year-old, murdered Duan Jian in Shehong County. This is like Lan Ruo, beautiful and lonely, withered and withered under the destruction of wind, sword and frost.
This poem is about comparison. The first half of the poem praises Lan Ruo's overwhelming charm, but actually compares his outstanding talent with his "secluded and empty forest color". The second half uses "day and night" and "born in the autumn wind" to describe the passage of youth, which is cold and threatening and full of the feeling of beauty dying. The words "Old China" and "Xiangyi" are puns. With the withering of flowers and plants, they lament the passing of their years and the disillusionment of their ideals, which means sadness and deep feelings. This poem is quite similar to the Five Laws in form, but it is actually a five-character ancient poem. It takes modernization as innovation and inherits the traditional techniques of Ruan Ji's "Yong Huai", which has far-reaching significance. Compared with those beautiful and colorful poems in the early Tang Dynasty, they are particularly full and fresh, just like the fragrant Lan Ruo, emitting attractive fragrance. (Yan) according to
Two hometown couplets
He zhangzhi
Young people leave home, old people return, and the local accent has not changed.
When children meet strangers, they will smile and ask where the guests are from.
I have been away from my hometown for many years, and I have been half-dead recently.
Only in front of Jinghu Lake, the spring breeze does not change the waves of the past.
In the third year of Tianbao (744), He resigned and retired to his hometown of Yongxing, Yuezhou (now Xiaoshan, Zhejiang). At that time, he was eighty-six years old, and he had left his hometown for more than fifty years in middle age. Life is easy to get old, the world is vicissitudes, and my heart is filled with emotion. The word "even" in hometown books not only means that poetry was written by accident, but also reveals the meaning that poetry comes from life and from the bottom of my heart.
The first song was written when I first came here, expressing my feelings of hurting the old for a long time. In the first and second sentences, the poet was in a familiar and unfamiliar environment in his hometown, and he felt quite uneasy all the way: he left home in his prime; When I got home today, I couldn't help feeling. The first sentence summarizes the fact that you have been away from home for decades with sentences like "running away from home when you are young" and "going back to your boss", which implies the feeling of hurting your boss. The second sentence inherits the previous sentence with "the decline of sideburns (Cui Cui, which means sparse)", and specifically writes out his own "boss" state, and sets off the changed sideburns with the constant "local accent", which means "I don't forget my hometown, can my hometown still recognize me", thus paving the way for the following two sentences to arouse children's questions. Three or four sentences changed from an emotional self-portrait to a dramatic scene in which children smiled and asked questions. "
Laugh and ask where the guest comes from ",among children, this is just a faint question, so stop here; It was a heavy blow to the poet, which led to his infinite emotion. In his later years, the sadness of the opposition between subject and object was included in this seemingly dull question. This is the place where the whole poem ends quietly, but the meaning is like an empty valley, full of sadness and boundless.
As far as the whole poem is concerned, one or two sentences are mediocre, while three or four sentences are like twists and turns, with no boundary. The beauty of the last two sentences lies in the powder on the back, which is seamless: although mourning is written, it is expressed in a happy scene; Although I wrote about myself, it was turned out from the side of the child. The scene where children ask questions is full of life interest. Even if we are not infected by the poet's long-term feelings of hurting the elderly, we can't help but be moved by this interesting life scene. The second song can be regarded as a sequel to the first one. After the poet got home, he learned about the personnel changes in his hometown through conversations with relatives and friends. While sighing for a long time, he could not help sighing about the impermanence of personnel. "parting
I have been in my hometown for many years, which is equivalent to the last song "When I was young, I left home to be the boss". The poet took pains to repeat this sentence in order to turn over the discussion about personnel conveniently. The phrase "people have lived for half their lives recently" seems abstract and objective, but it actually contains many specific contents that deeply touch the poet's feelings. The sigh of "finding half our friends dead" and all kinds of sighs caused by the sinking of relatives and friends are included. It's too numerous to mention, and you have to go in a cage. After three or four sentences, the poet's eyes shifted from personnel changes to the description of natural scenery. Jinghu Lake is located at the northern foot of Huiji Mountain in Shaoxing, Zhejiang, more than 300 miles from Fiona Fang. He's former residence is next to Jinghu Lake. Although it has been decades since I left Jinghu Lake, the water waves in Jinghu Lake are still rippling in the surrounding spring scenery. By the independent mirror lake, a feeling of "things are different from people" naturally came to my mind, so I wrote a poem "Only the mirror lake in front of the door, the spring breeze will not change the old waves". The poet compares "semi-killing" with "unchanging", further develops the meaning of "semi-killing" with "only", and emphasizes that almost all things in the past have changed except the lake wave. From one or two sentences directly expressed to three sentences describing the scenery and discussing, it seems very idle and irrelevant. In fact, this is a clever contrast, which only strengthens the feelings to be expressed from the opposite side. Under the background of continuous lake waves, the feelings of personnel are getting deeper and deeper. It should also be noted that words expressing time such as "many years", "recent" and "old times" run through the whole poem, which makes the whole poem shrouded in an atmosphere of deep meditation and overwhelming emotions. Compared with the first Prime Minister, if the poet once felt that being among his relatives was a little relief when he first entered the house to see his children, then he became more and more sad when he became independent from the sparkling mirror lake after listening to the introductions from his relatives and friends.
Lu You said: "The article is natural, and it is wonderful." In the final analysis, the success of the two poems "The Return of the Native" lies in the fact that the poems show a state of transformation. The feelings of poetry are natural and vivid, and the language and rhythm seem to flow naturally from the heart, unpretentious and unadorned, unconsciously introducing readers into the artistic conception of poetry. Such a good poem comes from life and from the heart, which is very rare. (Chen Zhiming)
willow
He zhangzhi
Jasper dressed up as a tree,
Ten thousand green silk tapestries hang down.
I don't know who cut off the thin leaves,
The spring breeze in February is like scissors.
This is an object-chanting poem about willow trees in early spring and February. Where should I start writing willow? There is no doubt that the beauty of its image lies in Naman's long branches. Once a year, it grows new green leaves and hangs down, which has a charming posture in the spring breeze. This is something that everyone can appreciate. In classical poetry, we often see this kind of image beauty to describe and compare a beautiful woman's slim figure and graceful waist. This poem is original. Turn it over. "Jasper makeup is as high as a tree", beginning with Vitamin beauty; "Thousands of strands of blue silk tapestry hang down", and these countless hanging silk also became her nepotism. The word "Gao" in the previous sentence sets off the graceful charm of beautiful Tingting; The word "hanging" in the next sentence means that the slender waist is swaying in the wind. There are no words "willow" and "waist branch" in the poem, but the beauty embodied by weeping willows and willows in early spring is vividly written. "Southern History" said that Liu Yong was the secretariat of Yizhou and presented several Shu Liu plants. "These stripes are very long and look like silk threads." Emperor Wu of Qi planted these willows in front of Taichangyun Palace, but he didn't give any appreciation, saying only that they were "romantic and lovely". Here, wicker is called "green silk tapestry", which may be the hidden use of this famous allusion about willow. But it's a waste, and you can't see any traces.
"Jasper makeup" leads to "moss tapestry" and "who cut it". Finally, the intangible and unpredictable "spring breeze" is also vividly depicted by "scissors". These "scissors" cut out bright green flowers and plants and put on a new makeup for the earth. It is a symbol of natural vitality and a wonderful inspiration given by spring. From Jasper Makeup to Scissors, we can see a series of processes of the poet's artistic conception. A series of images in poetry are closely linked.
Some people may think: There were many famous beauties in ancient China, Liu. Why should we compare them with Jasper? I think this has two meanings: first, the name Jasper is related to the color of willow, and the words "green" and "green" in the next sentence complement each other. Second, Jasper will always leave a young impression in people's hearts. When it comes to Jasper, people will associate it with the popular Jasper Song "When Jasper Broke a Melon" and Jasper's Little Family Daughter (Xiao Yi Picking Lotus Poems) and other poems. Jasper has almost become a general term for young and beautiful women in ancient literary works. Comparing jasper with willow, people will imagine that this beauty has not yet reached its heyday; This willow is still a small willow in early spring, and it is too late to cover the crow with dense leaves; This is also related to the "thin leaves" and "February spring breeze" below.