1 The image of wine in Li Qingzhao’s poems: wine, sick wine, light wine
Li Qingzhao writes about wine, drunkenness, and bottles (wine glasses) in her poems. many.
These images of wine in the poem can reflect the ideological content and emotional connotation of the poem. "Ru Meng Ling" records an unforgettable travel experience of hers: "I often remember that the sunset in the creek pavilion, intoxicated I don’t know my way back. I returned to the boat late after my excitement, and wandered into the depths of lotus flowers. Fighting for the crossing, I was startled by a group of gulls and herons. The wine here can reflect the author’s happy mood at that time, and he was traveling in groups. Drinking to get drunk and boating on the pond, the image of wine here can be said to be about using wine to add to the fun.
Of course, our common images of wine generally express melancholy, as stated in "Recalling the Flute on the Phoenix Stage": "The fragrant and cold golden horse is turned into a red wave, and I get up to comb my hair lazily. Ren Bao's funeral is full of dust, and the sun is hanging on the curtain. I'm afraid of the pain of separation. I want to talk about it. It's not because I'm sick and I'm sad. I'm going back to Yangguan this time. It's hard to stay. When I miss Wuling, the smoke locks the Qin Tower. Only the water in front of the building should miss me. From now on, there is a new sorrow in my eyes. , it is clear that drunkenness leads to sorrow and sadness, and drunkenness and sadness are all superficial images. Through these images, one can understand how melancholy the author is feeling at this moment. In "Slow Voice", "It's most difficult to breathe when it's warm but still cold. Three cups and two glasses of light wine can't defeat him. The wind comes late." Is wine really "light"? After analysis, we found that during the special period when the country was destroyed and her husband was dead, and the climate was cold, we originally wanted to use wine to get rid of the infinite sorrow in her heart, but it was unable to dispel the heavy clouds of sadness in her heart.
Wine, travel and sorrow are the favorite things of Chinese literati. Many poets and poets in ancient times used wine in their poetry creations. There are similarities and differences.
Wine that can help to cheer up and increase happiness, such as "You can laugh a few times in your life, but you have to quit when you meet for a drinking fight" (Cen Shen's "A Night Gathering with the Judges in the Liangzhou Pavilion"), old friends gather together in Together, they have a good time drinking and drinking together, and then rest after getting drunk. It describes the joyful situation of friends getting together and drinking happily, and expresses the author's heroic, optimistic and high-spirited spirit.
There are wines with great ambitions that are difficult to repay, broad-minded and unrestrained, such as "The caller will come out with fine wine. I will sell the eternal sorrow with you" (Li Bai's "Jianjin Wine"), which expresses the author's frustration and ambition in life. Unrequited worries, but not shrinking or depressed.
There are wines that are helpless to reality and life, such as "It doesn't matter if you get drunk for the king. I'm afraid it will break your heart when you wake up" (Qin Guan's "Yu Meiren·Bitao Supreme Plant and Dew"), It is written about a beautiful woman standing in front of flowers, secretly sad that spring is about to end: She pities the loneliness of the flowers and wants to drink deeply for the flowers, so as to relieve the helplessness in her heart. "Everyone gets drunk without being drunk." The analysis of the causes of drunkenness is exactly where the emotion of poetry lies.
2 Flower images in Li Qingzhao’s poems: plum, chrysanthemum, flower blooming, flower falling
The Four Gentlemen Plum, Orchid, Bamboo and Chrysanthemum are also favorites of Chinese literati, and Li Qingzhao is no exception.
She has many poems describing flowers, and there are six poems that all sing about flowers. Among them, there are three poems that directly praise plum blossoms, namely "Yu Jia Ao·Xueli Knows the Spring Letter Has Arrive", " "Jade House Spring·Red Plums" and "Man Ting Fang·Fragmented Plum Blossoms"; there is one poem that directly chants "Chrysanthemum", which is "Duoli·Ode to White Chrysanthemum"; there are two poems that directly chant "Gui", which are "Partridge" "Tian·Gui" and "Shanhuazi·Rubbed to pieces of gold and ten thousand points of light". There are a total of twenty-one other phrases mentioning flowers, such as: The plum blossoms fall in the evening breeze courtyard ("Huanxisha").
Li Qingzhao wrote many poems about plum blossoms in his life, which is an image that almost runs through the author’s lyrics throughout his life. Of course, in addition to plum blossoms, the author also wrote many other flower images, including osmanthus, osmanthus, Chrysanthemum, pear blossom, crabapple, peony, etc. Among them, plum blossoms are written thirteen times, lotus four times, chrysanthemums three times, osmanthus twice, crabapples twice, pear blossoms twice, etc. Almost all of them are flowers with unique charm and escaping from the world. In Li Qingzhao's writing, these flowers are more than just simple flowers. Li Qingzhao placed his emotions on the shapes, fragrances, colors and gods of flowers, giving these flowers a symbolic meaning.
In Li Qingzhao’s poems, plum blossoms refer to proud, strong, and unyielding gentlemen. “Plum” is one of Li Qingzhao’s favorite objects of singing.
Plum blossoms are the first to bloom in the severe cold, and then bring out the fragrance of brilliant flowers. Therefore, in poetry, plum blossoms are often a symbol of purity and purity, and do not conform to the secular world. However, the author's emotions expressed in specific words are not consistent.
"It is known that spring has arrived in the snow, the winter plum blossoms are dotted with delicate branches, the fragrant face is half-opened and charming, and in the court, the beauty takes a bath with fresh makeup. The fate may be intentional, so the moon shines beautifully . *** The bounty is green ants, don't be drunk, this flower is not comparable to other flowers. "Pure snow jade plum, if the beauty adds new makeup after bathing, she will be shy and graceful, even the Creator will prefer it. Under the moonlight, the viewers raised their glasses to the plum blossoms and exclaimed, "This flower is not comparable to other flowers." The beauty of the plum blossoms, from movement to stillness, is vividly displayed on the paper, making people suddenly feel that the plum blossoms are not plum blossoms, but the incarnation of the author. The sentence "Don't compare with others" proudly expressed her confidence.
There are some other flower imagery. "After dusk when I drink wine in Dongli, there is a faint fragrance filling my sleeves. I can't help but lose my soul. The west wind blows behind the curtain, and people are thinner than yellow flowers."
"During the Double Ninth Festival, when the family is supposed to be reunited, but her husband is not around, the author can only stay alone in the empty room, frequently raising a glass to the withering chrysanthemums in the dusk, so as to eliminate the pain of missing her husband and the sorrow of being apart. Unexpectedly, The biting west wind blows through the curtains, adding to the desolation and melancholy, making people thinner than chrysanthemums. At this time, chrysanthemums are a symbol of steadfastness, strength, nobility and refinement.
Li Qingzhao often uses flower imagery in his poems. Flowers blooming represent hope, youth, the brilliance of life, and falling flowers represent withering, frustration, setbacks in life and career, cherishing spring, and nostalgia for beautiful things. By learning and summarizing the representative meaning of flower images, students can learn about them. When studying poetry, you can more quickly understand the emotional tone of the poem. Take "Plum Blossom" as an example. In "Early Plum Blossoms" written by the Tang Dynasty poet Zhang Wei, "I don't know that the water blooms first, it is suspected that the winter snow has not disappeared." "Every line of plum blossoms, which look like jade but not snow, blooming near water, describes the form and spirit of early plum blossoms. It also describes the poet's cognitive process of seeking and exploring. "Plum Blossoms" in Song Dynasty poet Lu Meipo's "Snow Plum" The snow is three cents white, but the snow is less fragrant than the plum blossoms. "One sentence is full of rationality and interest. In "Plum Blossom" by Song Dynasty poet Lin Bu, "The sparse shadows are slanting across the clear and shallow water, and the faint fragrance floats in the moonlight dusk. "This sentence captures the characteristics of plum blossoms with slanting branches, sparse flower shadows, and quiet fragrance. It is then set against the clear water and dim moonlight to show a very beautiful state. "Floating as if" in "Falling Plum" by Liu Kezhuang, a poet of the Song Dynasty. Immigrants come across the ridge, and they fall like poets going to Hunan. "This sentence vividly depicts the miserable scene of fallen plum blossoms withering and drifting in the wind. It has two meanings. It not only uses the relegation and exile of "immigrants" and "scholars" to compare "falling plum blossoms", but also uses the noble character of plum blossoms to praise " As for chrysanthemum, some people praise its strong character, while others appreciate its noble temperament. It has always been favored by literati. Tao Yuanming of the Eastern Jin Dynasty loved chrysanthemums the most, and planted chrysanthemums all over his home. "Pick chrysanthemums under the eastern fence, leisurely "See Nanshan" ("Drinking") is a beautiful line that has been passed down through the ages. The poet integrates emotions, scenery, and rational interests.
3 Other images in Li Qingzhao's poems: curtains, lone wild geese, and west wind
In ancient Chinese poetry, most men ask their daughters to write boudoir poems, which is just a kind of pseudo-girly moaning and does not reflect the true feelings of women. Since Li Qingzhao, the charm of poetry has changed greatly. As a woman, she has a deeper and deeper Detailed, appropriate and true presentation of the flavor and personality of boudoir poetry
In Li Qingzhao's poetry, the curtain is the dividing point between the boudoir and the outside world. Outside the curtain is the place of disputes among the world, and inside the curtain is the inner monologue of women. , a place where nature stretches, so the changes in the image of the curtain are closely related to her life changes and encounters. From the girlhood to the young womanhood, the curtains in these two eras are mostly "curtains" and mostly "roller curtains" and "sparse curtains" , because the poet's life was happy and happy during this period. Although she occasionally had some minor melancholy, her life during this period was perfect and happy. However, after her husband died of illness, the Northern Song Dynasty fell, and she went south alone, Li Qingzhao never appeared in her poems again. The idea of ??"rolling curtain" was replaced by "draping curtain" and "double curtain". In her early work "The Beauty of the Queen: A Feeling of the Blooming Plum Blossoms in the Hou Pavilion" she wrote: "The jade is thin and fragrant, the sandalwood is deep and the snow is scattered. I hate that it’s too late to explore plum blossoms this year. Jianglou Chu Pavilion, the water is far between the clouds. The clear day is forever, leaning on the railing and the green curtain is rolled down. When a guest arrives, the wine in front of him is full, and the sound of singing is as loud as the water. The south branches can be planted, but they need to be pruned frequently. Don't wait for the west tower to sound the Qiang pipe several times. ""Cui Curtain Low Roll" uses the word "Cui" and the word "Volume" to express that her life is beautiful and happy, and the poet has feelings in her heart. By the time of the later "Nan Ge Zi", The image and connotation of curtains are completely different: “The stars in the sky are turning, and the curtains on earth are hanging down. Liang Sheng's pillow was stained with tears, and he got up to take off his clothes and talk about how the night was. The green lotus pods are small, and the gold-pinned lotus leaves are sparse. The weather is the same as the old clothes, only the feelings are different, the old home! "The curtain hangs down and covers the entire world. Lying alone in bed on a desolate night, how lonely and desolate it is. From the image of this curtain, we can see that the same image can represent different connotations at different times.
The poet Wu Rong wrote in "Huaqing Pool" "There are flying snow and dark clouds in the suburbs, but in this palace it is falling and dry. Green trees and green curtains cover each other, and no one knows that it is cold outside. "Curtains are also used, and women's lives are also written about, but his curtains are used to compare the life of palace ladies with the outside world. The people outside are not only cold in heart, but also colder in body. They have an extra layer of helplessness compared to the life of palace women. And pain. The word "goose" appears only seven times in Li Qingzhao's poems. However, most of the poems in which "wild goose" appears are Li Qingzhao's classic works, "A Cut of Plum Blossoms", "The fragrance of red lotus roots lingers in the jade mat in autumn." He undressed Luo Shang lightly and boarded the orchid boat alone. Who in the clouds sent brocade books? When the wild goose returns, the moon is full on the west tower. The flowers float and the water flows. One kind of lovesickness, two places of idle sorrow. There is no way to eliminate this feeling, so I just frown, but it is in my heart. "As passionate and delicate intellectual women, their husband and wife spend less time together and more time apart, so the word "goose" naturally flows into the writing. What is conveyed in this place is hope, longing, and a touch of parting and separation, although there is the sadness of not being able to meet each other. Emotions, but still full of sweetness. From this we can see that in ancient poetry, the image of wild goose generally represents the characteristic meanings of loneliness, homesickness, missing relatives, and missing news. We can also read it in Li Qingzhao's "Slow Sound". To: "The wild geese are passing by, I am sad, but we are old acquaintances. "I miss my family, the country is in mourning, I am alone, and in the desolate evening scene, wild geese happen to fly across the sky. When I am sad, I feel like I have seen you before. At this time, the lone wild goose represents far more than the young woman who lives in the courtyard and misses her husband. She is in a gloomy mood. An old woman who cannot be relieved.
It can be seen that the image shows different effects according to the poet's heart. When we understand the image of wild geese, it will be easier to understand poems about wild geese.
Let’s take a look at Li Qi’s "Farewell to the Capital of Wei Wan" "I heard the wanderers singing songs of departure in the morning. Last night there was a slight frost and I first crossed the river. The geese couldn't bear to listen in sorrow. The clouds and mountains are like a guest." It is also used here. When they arrive at the wild geese, they are ambitious wild geese that can come and go freely. Unlike the lone wild geese in Li Qingzhao's works, they are lovesickness and the departing wild geese. They can only stay alone with empty hopes and wishful thinking. Li Qingzhao's poems contain many images about nature and climate change. Each poem describes the environmental background at that time. We can understand the author's views and attitudes at that time through these climate images. Generally speaking, the emotional color of the images written by the author follows the author's inner feelings. For example, it is written in "Drunk Flower Yin", "There is no way to be in ecstasy, the west wind blows behind the curtain, and people are thinner than yellow flowers." Here The west wind represents loneliness, melancholy, and decline. From this, we can see how desolate the author was feeling at that time. There are also many climatic images, for example, light rain means spring scenery, hope, vitality, vitality, and subtle enlightenment; frost means the easy aging of life, the harsh social environment, the rampant evil forces, and the bumps and setbacks in life. Natural climate images seem to describe the external environment, but upon closer analysis, it is not difficult to discover the inner emotions contained in them.
By conducting a specific analysis of the images in Li Qingzhao's poems and comparing them with the images in other poems, we can have a basic understanding of the connotations of some poetic images. Understanding the inseparable relationship between imagery and emotion makes it easier for us to learn to understand the entire poem. Combined with the theme of the poem, we can analyze why the poet wrote this image to express his feelings, and then be able to grasp the entire poem and describe the function or effect of the image.
When appreciating literary works, grasping the implicit meaning conveyed by the external images is the key to successful appreciation. When ancient poems express thoughts and feelings, they often use concrete and vivid images to project complex and profound inner feelings onto objective objects by placing their feelings on objects, thereby making the author's thoughts and feelings - "meaning" and objective The images and objects-"images" blend with each other, fit with each other, and penetrate each other until they finally achieve the unity of water and milk. Imagery is a key link that permeates the author's emotions. Appreciating the image of poetry is to get rid of the mysterious appearance of imagery and see the true emotional expression of the work.