Tang Gaozong Li Zhi came to Ganye Temple, a royal temple not far from the Palace, to pay tribute to his dead father Li Shimin. This day is the anniversary of Li Shimin's death, and he must come.
After doing the business of worshipping incense, he also did a private thing. I went to see a person, specifically, a woman.
The bald and clothed woman cried as soon as she saw him, and said a lot of sad love words, such as "you damn fool, why are you here?" , she also presented a poem:
Zhu Jian thinks in succession, looking haggard and fragmented.
If you don't believe me, you will cry. Open the box and take the pomegranate skirt.
This poem is called Ruyi Niang. You should have guessed that the author of this book is Li Shimin's youngest wife of Emperor Taizong, and later Tang Gaozong, Li Zhi's eldest wife. She was called "wuyue" in the past, "Wu Mei" after she entered the palace, "Wu Zhao" in the future and "Wu Zetian" in history.
Celebrities in history, although with average poetic titles, are not ranked in number.
For convenience, let's call her "Wu Zetian", the most famous name, although she didn't know that she was still called by this name before her death.
There are 47 complete Tang poems by Wu Zetian. It is recognized that this poem Ruyi Niang is not only her highest artistic level, but also the most important poem in her life.
Because this poem changed her fate.
Exactly one year ago, Li Shimin passed away. As one of Li Shimin's concubines and Li Zhi's concubines, Wu Zetian was forced to become a monk in Ganye Temple according to the royal system of the Tang Dynasty.
Being a nun is undoubtedly the deepest trough in Wu Zetian's life.
During this period, if there is no accident, as a widow of the deceased emperor and a weak woman in the imperial power era, 99% may wither and wither like an out-of-season flower, and "falling into the mud and grinding dust" will disappear silently in the long river of history.
What was life like during the period of nun? History is unknown. As you can imagine, Buddhist scriptures are naturally oil lamps, but Qi Fei is gone and crying. It's lonely.
Loneliness is because of who I miss.
Who is Miss Wu Nu-gu, and who is at the bottom?
This time, her object is Li Zhi of Tang Gaozong, who is regarded as an illegitimate child in generations.
I See Zhu Sixun: The first sentence is that I have missed you so much in the past year, and I have changed from red to green in a trance. Judging from the poems, the phrase "Look at Zhu" here seems to be a common idiom in the Tang and Song Dynasties. Li Bai once wrote a poem: "Urging the strings and caressing the pillars and drinking with the monarch, watching Zhu and Yan". You can also say "look at Zhu", just as Xin Qiji wrote: "Looking at Zhu by leaning on the bar loses its fragrance."
"I am haggard and fragmented": I am haggard and tired because I miss you. Still clinging to the pain of lovesickness.
"If you don't believe, tears will grow": The third sentence is hypothetical, "If you don't believe, I have been in Lacrimosa for a year".
"Open the pomegranate skirt": The fourth sentence is to show the evidence: then please open it and see the tears that I have dripped on the pomegranate skirt.
Poetry is a good poem, but if you really want to take the pomegranate skirt, it may not be that the tears on that skirt haven't dried for a year. It's too exaggerated.
It can be seen that the real intention of Wu Zetian's last sentence is to remind Li Zhi of the good old days when she was wearing a pomegranate skirt, which is quite seductive.
The subtle temptation of poetry will surely succeed.
Only when you can write poetry can you fall in love happily. Both ancient and modern.
The temptation of Wu Zetian's poems is quite successful.
It is this poem that rekindled Li Zhi's love for Wu Zetian.
There is evidence that when they met this time, Wu Zetian gave her a poem and then gave her life. Two people are better than newly married, Wu Zetian in the Buddhist temple, bareheaded and Li Zhi rolled sheets again. There are a few points to teach:
Li Yue's room became a happy Dojo; In Ganye Temple, it is a paradise.
No wonder Wu Zetian, who was forced into Buddhism, couldn't keep these rules. Why else would there be a pomegranate skirt in the box?
So, I said, is there any evidence that they are rolling sheets, a Buddhist country? There must be evidence, otherwise it is not innocent out of nothing?
The evidence is actually hidden in history books, and we can find it.
The evidence is the birth time of Li Hong, the eldest son of Wu Zetian and Li Zhi. It is enough to check Li Hong's birth time and compare Wu Zetian's time of entering the palace.
First of all, we can confirm that the time for Wu Zetian to return to the palace again was after May 26th, the third year of Yonghui (AD 652). Shortly after she re-entered the palace, the immortal was promoted to the second-class Zhao Yi.
Look at Li Hong's birth time.
It is recorded in Zi Tong Zhi Jian (Volume 200), which shows the first year of Qing Dynasty (AD 656). "In spring, in the first month, Xin Wei ... made Wang Hong, the son of the queen, the crown prince, and was born for four years." According to the Book of the Old Tang Dynasty, Emperor Xiaojing, in the second year of Shang Yuan (AD 675), Prince Hongxun was twenty-four years old. On the whole, it can be concluded that Li Hong was born in the winter of the third year of Yonghui (AD 652).
To put it bluntly, Wu Zetian was pregnant and returned to the palace again. Shortly after returning to the palace, Li Hong was born.
Having a baby in the winter of 652, ten months later, is basically 65 1 year. This year, Wu Zetian himself was still in the dry leaf hall and did not enter the palace.
As a result, the dragon species were planted in Ganye Temple. It was said that Wu Zetian didn't wear a hat, but Li Zhi rolled up the sheets and didn't wronged her.
After this poem, Wu Zetian and Li Zhi rekindled their old love. With the help of the latter, Wu Zetian re-entered the palace from Kanye Temple, from Zhao Yi to Empress, from Empress to Tianhou, and from Tianhou to Zhou Tianzi, becoming the first female emperor in history.
It was this poem that captured Li Zhi's heart. Of course, there are pomegranate skirts.
"Skirt", originally written as "vomit". At first, it was not clothes enjoyed by women alone, but clothes shared by men and women. This makes sense. Scottish plaid skirts are still worn by men on formal occasions, which shows that this statement is true.
The origin of "skirt" is because our ancestors had a shy idea that they should cover the private parts of the body, so they found something to cover the private parts of the body, so they produced an apron. The apron skirt is not big, and the fabric texture is mostly animal skin and leaves.
In the pre-Qin period, "skirt" was called "decline" and was often worn below the waist, so it was also called "undressing".
Clothing in the true present sense appeared in the Han Dynasty. It gradually became a fashion for women to wear skirts with short coats such as Confucian jackets on their upper bodies after entering the Han Dynasty.
In the Tang Dynasty, skirts became one of the standard items for women's wear. Women's dress in Tang Dynasty comes standard with three treasures: skirt, blouse and purse. That is to say, they are wearing skirts below and shirts and shirts above.
In historical materials, there are many such evidences.
Niu Monk-ru, the prime minister and leader of the party struggle in the Tang Dynasty, had nothing to do with creation, leaving a collection of legendary novels, The Secret of Heaven. Although it is a legendary novel, the costumes and utensils recorded in it are of historical significance.
Niu Monk-ru's Mystery Record once recorded the dress of a civilian woman: "The child broke the box, which contained an old green skirt, a white shirt and a green wallet." Three treasures came out: skirt, coat and wallet.
Rich women also wear it. The novel Biography of Xu Zhiweng in the Tang Dynasty records that Li, the wife of Cao, a scholar in Yizhou, wore a dress of "Huang Luo Yin Ni skirt, five dizzy Luo Yin Ni shirt, and a single line of red and silver Ni Pei Zi". Although the decoration is more luxurious and colorful, it is still three treasures: skirts, tops and wallets.
Although it is a triple gem, there are only women's skirts in the Tang Dynasty.
Women's skirts in the Tang Dynasty were very long.
Compared with the previous generation of women, its length increased obviously, and mopping the floor with skirts was a common phenomenon at that time. In order to show the slender skirt, women wear skirts with high waists and often put their waists under their armpits. The upper limit of the skirt often reaches the chest, and the skirt covers the feet, sometimes dragging it underground. Meng Haoran described this kind of long skirt in the poem "Chun Qing", saying that "clothes are wrapped in fine grass when sitting, and skirts sweep plum blossoms when walking". In fact, where is "sweeping plum", it is simply sweeping the floor.
Women in the Tang Dynasty often wore this kind of long skirt with a thin gauze skirt on their upper body, and the neckline was very low, which was completely the feeling of modern low-cut evening dress. In the movie "Golden Flower in the City", the "big steamed bread" squeezed out from Gong Li's chest is quite realistic. So the poets in the Tang Dynasty were very happy. They swept such a beautiful female landscape into their eyes and wrote it in their poems. Such as "half-exposed slow-beam skirt", "snow red light inclined chest", "pink chest half-covered suspected sunny snow" and so on. In short, it is visible white.
Women's skirts in the Tang Dynasty were very wide.
Women's skirts in the Tang Dynasty are generally six pieces of cloth and silk, and there are also seven or eight pieces. According to the stride width at that time, it was equivalent to the width of more than 3 meters, which was quite wide. Skirts of this width will not only affect women's mobility, but also cause great waste of cloth.
You know, in the Tang Dynasty, cloth was a very precious thing, and sometimes it could even be used directly as money. It's a bit unfair that a skirt wastes so much cloth. Therefore, the issue of women's skirts once caused official interference and was personally concerned by emperors of past dynasties. Tang Gaozong and Li Zhi once pointed out: "Different colors of silk brocade and floral dresses waste a lot of money and are harmful to female workers." Tang Wenzong and Li Ang directly demanded: "There are only five skirts and the floor is no more than three inches."
Look, look, a skirt has alarmed the government.
According to the requirements of Li Ang, the circumference of five skirts is about 2.65 meters, which looks like a waste of cloth. Moreover, it seems that women in the Tang Dynasty did not seriously implement the above provisions. Also, who is so boring, when she sees a woman wearing a skirt, she still has to take it off and see how many pieces and inches are mopping the floor?
Anyone who takes off his skirt for the purpose of law enforcement is a hooligan.
Women's skirts in the Tang Dynasty are very expensive.
Ladies' skirts in the Tang Dynasty are generally more expensive. Because, in addition to using a lot of fine fabrics, we also do all kinds of decorations on skirts, including patterns, gold and silver, pearls and so on.
For example, striped skirts have three or five colors of vertical stripes; For example, "painting a skirt" means painting on the skirt fabric to play a decorative role; Another example is the halo skirt, the color changes a lot, and the fabric color is arranged from deep to shallow, and then from shallow to deep, just like the dark color spreading to both sides, so it is called "halo".
There are more expensive skirts decorated with gold and silver. In order to decorate skirts with gold and silver, there are two main ways: one is mud gold and silver, that is, gold powder or silver powder and adhesive are made into gold mud and silver mud, which are then coated on the printing plate and finally printed on the fabric; The other is gold and silver thread, that is, cutting extremely thin gold foil and silver foil into thin strands, then winding them on the silk thread coated with adhesive to make twisted money and twisted silver thread, making patterns on the fabric with this gold thread and silver thread, and finally fixing them with needle and thread. The famous poem "Year after year, she sewed gold thread on the wedding dress for other girls" is to make this frowning skirt with gold thread.
There are pearls embedded in skirts, which are called "real pearl skirts".
One of the most expensive clothes in the Tang Dynasty is called "Feathers of a Hundred Birds", which belongs to Princess Anle, the daughter of Li Xian, Tang Zhongzong. Moreover, the creativity of the production also comes from this arrogant and extravagant princess. Legend has it that her dress "looks the same color from the front, the same color from the side, the same color from Japan and China, the same color from the shadow, and the shape of Bai Niao can be seen in the skirt". Although a little boastful, the color of the skirt is unpredictable and may be true.
Princess Anle's idea doesn't matter, but the bird is suffering. History calls it "the home effect of hundreds of officials and people." Mountain Lynch birds and animals, search mountains and valleys, sweep the floor. "Birds have no worries about their lives, but their hair is cold.
These clothes are made of gold and silver and are worn by rich women. Neither the peasant women in the Tang Dynasty nor the ordinary women in the city have the financial strength to wear such skirts. Their clothes are relatively simple and natural. Generally, only skirts made of coarse cloth such as ramie and kudzu vine are worn, and there is often no printing and dyeing decoration. So their skirts are usually the color of the fabric itself, such as white skirts, as rachel said in Tian Ge. Of course, skirts can also be dyed cyan with indigo, so that the word "Tsing Yi" has long been synonymous with young maids.
Women's skirts and flowers in Tang Dynasty.
Their flower skirts generally have several main colors: red, green, yellow, purple and white. Through the chromatographic analysis of Tang Dynasty silk fabrics unearthed in Turpan, it is found that women's skirts in Tang Dynasty are very rich in color. Red has five colors, such as silver red, crimson red, water red, scarlet and crimson red, green has 24 colors, such as green, emerald green and lake green, and yellow has six colors, such as goose yellow, golden yellow, chrysanthemum yellow, apricot yellow, khaki yellow and dark brown.
"See the creeping grass skirt" and "Lotus leaf skirt cuts one color", which means green skirt, also known as "green skirt" and "green skirt".
"The skirt is stained with blood and wine", "the skirt is red and jealous of pomegranate flowers" and "the broken skirt is red as fire", which refers to the red skirt, also called pomegranate skirt. Wu Zetian's pomegranate skirt is this kind of red skirt.
Red skirt is the favorite of women in Tang Dynasty. The preference of women in the Tang Dynasty for this kind of bright color with strong visual stimulation shows that they are not willing to be dull, want to attract people's attention, become the focus of men and even society, and also reflect their enthusiastic and positive personality.
According to the principle of chromatics, red has the longest wavelength in the visible spectrum, which is the color of active, expanding and extroverted warm-tone areas. And red has the most obvious and eye-catching stimulating effect on human eyes, and at the same time, it can make people feel emotional. Experiments show that people's metabolic rate will increase when they see red, and red will also cause physiological reactions such as high blood pressure, shortness of breath and rapid heartbeat.
I'll tell you, why did Wu Zetian want Li Zhi to "solve the pomegranate skirt"? It turns out that she wants Li Zhi to have high blood pressure, shortness of breath and a fast heartbeat ... The word 1500 is omitted here.
Then, why did the Tang people name the red skirt after the pomegranate skirt?
The first statement: the red skirt is dyed with dyes extracted from pomegranate flowers.
Pomegranate flower does contain red pigment, but according to the records of related books and records, the dyeing technology of pomegranate flower as a plant dye was obviously not widely used in the production practice in ancient China, which shows that this dye must have some shortcomings.
Since pomegranate flowers can't be dyed red, how did the craftsmen in the Tang Dynasty dye it red? It turned out that they were dyed red with traditional dyes such as safflower and madder, which was the mainstream means of making red in the printing and dyeing industry at that time. Therefore, the pomegranate skirt, which was all the rage in the Tang Dynasty, was actually mainly dyed with plant dyes such as safflower and madder.
Safflower, also known as red blue and yellow blue, belongs to Compositae and is the main red dye in Tang Dynasty. In fact, according to historical records, safflower was planted in Guannei Road, Henan Road, Shannan Road and Jiannan Road in the Tang Dynasty.
The second statement: this red skirt is decorated with pomegranate flowers, which means auspiciousness. Why are pomegranate and pomegranate flowers auspicious patterns? Because pomegranate has many children. In ancient times, broken pomegranate fruit patterns were often used to express good wishes to many descendants.
The third statement: The skirt of the red skirt looks like pomegranate or pomegranate flowers.
Based on the three statements, although the skirt fabric was not dyed red with pomegranate flowers in the Tang Dynasty, the reason why the red skirt was called pomegranate skirt was mainly due to its similar color and shape, as well as the auspicious implication of having many children and grandchildren, so the red skirt was given a romantic name by poets and women-pomegranate skirt.
Obviously, Wu Zetian's enterprising personality, driven by her initiative, enthusiasm, informality, freedom and openness, must feel that the red dress suits her best, and she likes pomegranate skirt best. It is conceivable that when Wu Zetian's life is successful step by step, there will definitely be many pomegranate skirts with exquisite workmanship in her suitcase.
But I always believe that Wu Zetian's favorite pomegranate skirt must be the one that Li Zhi took out of the box.