The first year of Yingzong Zhiping-four years (1064- 1068)
The first year of Zongshen Xining-the eighth year of Yuanfeng (1068- 1086)
Zhezong (1086- 1 100) was in power during the reign of Yuan You (1086- 1093).
Hui Zong (110/-kloc-0/126) was the empress dowager (1 100).
Fengxiang Tongguan period
In the winter of the sixth year of Jiayou (106 1), Su Zhe sent Su Shi to Zhengzhou, broke up with him and gave him a poem, which was a harmonious work of Su Shi. Su Zhe was the master book of Mianchi County at the age of 19, and was a scholar before his appointment. He and Su Shi passed Mianchi on their way to Beijing to catch the exam, lived in the county monastery and wrote poems on the wall. Now Su Shi has to go through Mianchi to be an official in Fengxiang, Shaanxi Province, so he wrote "Huai Mianchi sent his son to look after his brother".
Farewell to Dong Chuan is a farewell poem written by Su Shi to his good friend Dong Chuan, which was written when Su Shi returned to Chang 'an from Fengxiang. Su Shi was in Fengxiang, and Dong Chuan had followed Su Shi. Dong Chuan lived in poverty at that time, and his clothes were simple, but he was well-read and knowledgeable. Ordinary clothes could not hide his optimistic spirit.
Tongguan period in Hangzhou
This group of poems was written in the sixth year of Xining (1073).
In the fifth year of Xining in the Northern Song Dynasty (1072), the author was a general in Hangzhou. On June 27th this year, I visited the West Lake, saw the wonderful lakes and mountains on the boat, and then went to Wanghulou to drink and wrote five quatrains. The poet Su Shi was on the boat first, then on the roof, and quickly captured the rapidly changing natural scenery on the lake: clouds turning, rain pouring, wind rolling, sunny and fine, writing far and near, moving quietly, colorful and moving, picturesque and affectionate. Reading, you will have an immersive feeling-as if you had experienced a sudden rain in the lake and came to Wang Hu Tower to enjoy the beautiful scenery of water and sky.
This word was written by Su Shi when he visited the West Lake with Zhang Xian (990- 1078), a famous poet who was over eighty at that time, from five years (1072) to seven years. The author closely follows the topic of "Wen Qin Qu" with great interest, and describes the beauty and touching music of the pianist from many aspects. In the poem, the violinist was placed in the beautiful lakes and mountains of Chu and Qing after the rain, which made the characters and scenery set each other off, and the music and mountains complemented each other. In the description of characters, the author uses metaphor and contrast.
Zhang Xi 'an, a poet in the Northern Song Dynasty, was praised for his beautiful poems. "Ancient and Modern Poetry Talk" said: "A guest named Zi Ye said:' Everyone is called Zhang Gong No.3 Middle School, which means things in the heart, tears in the eyes and people in the heart." Zi Ye said, "Why not call it Zhang Sanying?" The guests don't know. People say that' clouds break the moon and flowers make a shadow',' soft and lazy curtains make a shadow' and' willow path is empty and Liu Xufei has no shadow', which I am proud of all my life. Later, people called him "Zhang Sanying". Mr. Zhang has a rich life, a romantic life of poetry and wine, and many stories. A good friend Su Shi gave a poem "The poet is old, Yingying is here, and her son is busy with Yan Yan"? Describe his life. It is said that Zhang Xian married a woman of 18 years old as a concubine when she was 80 years old. At a family dinner, I proudly wrote a poem: "I am eighty-eight, Qing is a beauty, and my hair is white." "Same age as Qing, only separated by a flower. "Su Shi also attached an impromptu song:" Eighteen brides and eighty lang, with gray hair and red makeup. Two nights in the quilt, a pear tree crushed Haitang. Later, this concubine gave birth to two men and two women for him in eight years. Mr. Zhang has ten sons and two daughters all his life. There is a gap of sixty years between the eldest son and the youngest daughter.
Mizhou satrap period
1074 (the seventh year of Xining in Song Shenzong) In autumn, Su Shi moved from Hangzhou to Mizhou (now Zhucheng in Shandong). In August of the following year, he ordered someone to repair the old platform in the north of the city. His brother Su Zhe titled it "Transcendence" and took the meaning of "Although I have a glorious view, I am detached". 1076 (Nine Years of Xining) At the end of spring, Su Shi boarded the detached platform, looked at the misty rain in spring, touched the feeling of homesickness, and wrote this work. This heroic and graceful poem, through the complex changes of spring scenery and the author's feelings and demeanor, expresses the poet's open-minded and detached mind and attitude towards life.
This word was written by the author during the Mid-Autumn Festival in Song Shenzong on 1076 (the ninth year of Xining). Su Shi once asked to be transferred to a place near Su Zhe to be an official. In A.D. 1074 (the seventh year of Xining), Su Shi knew little about Mizhou. After arriving in Michigan, this wish still cannot be realized. On the Mid-Autumn Festival in A.D. 1076, the poet was filled with emotion in the face of a bright moon, so he wrote this famous article with a pen.
When Su Dongpo was nineteen, he married Wang Fu, who was sixteen. Wang Fu is young, beautiful and very filial. They love each other deeply. Unfortunately, Wang Fu died at the age of 27. This is a great blow to Dongpo. In a.d. 1075 (the eighth year of Xining), Dongpo came to Mizhou. On the 20th day of the first month of this year, he dreamed of his beloved wife, Wang, and wrote this eulogy, which will be read through the ages.
Chasing a literati stone may be an accidental whim, but his belief in serving the country and making meritorious deeds was encouraged by this small test and he confidently asked to go to the northwest battlefield to kill the enemy. Su Shi was only forty years old when he was appointed as well-known in Mizhou. He came to this northern border county from Hangzhou four years ago because he didn't agree with Wang Anshi's political views and volunteered to work in other places. In addition to devoting himself to local achievements, he has always demanded that the world be of great use. The situation in the northwest was tense at that time. In the third year of Xining (1070), Xixia attacked Huan and Qing on a large scale. Four years, trapped in Funing Zhucheng. "I will bow like a full moon, look northwest and shoot Sirius." It refers to the war between Song and Xixia.
The first half of the word is hunting, and the second half is fighting. Not only the scene is warm and the syllables are loud, but also full of pride, ambition and enthusiasm. Compared with Su Shi's other bold words, this is a magnificent and powerful word. I changed the feminine and charming childlike innocence in my words into the heroic spirit created by Kong Wugang. Su Shi is also quite conceited about this. In a letter to his friend Xianyu in Michigan, he said: "This is a very small word. Although it doesn't smell like Liu, it is also a family. I hunted in the suburbs the other day and gained a lot. It's a shovel, which makes the strong men of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty sing, play flute and drum for the festival, which is quite spectacular. " That's the word.
Judging from the whole poem, the poet wrote about spring scenery and spring people, and the latter can also be regarded as a special scenery. The poet tried to work hard, but he failed in the end. The whole poem truly reflects a psychological process of the poet, and its artistic conception is hazy and memorable.
Xuzhou satrap period
The tenth year of Xining (1077) was written in Xuzhou on August 15th. My younger brother Su Zhe met Dongpo in February of that year, accompanied him to Xuzhou in April, and didn't leave until after the Mid-Autumn Festival in August. This is the first time that the two brothers have got together for the Mid-Autumn Festival in seven years. This word was born under this background. This little word, entitled "Mid-Autumn Moon", is naturally the joy of writing "Full Moon"; Sticking "Yangguan District" involves other feelings. It describes the reunion of the author and his younger brother Su Zhe after a long separation, enjoying the Mid-Autumn Festival, and also expresses the sadness and emotion of breaking up soon after the reunion.
Huangzhou exile
This object-chanting poem was written in the fourth year of Yuanfeng, Song Shenzong (108 1). Su Ci is famous for its boldness, but there are also graceful and restrained works, and this poem "Shui Long Yin" is one of them. It turned a "heartless" flower into a "thoughtful" person by the way of leaving home in late spring, and expressed universal sadness with lingering bitterness and ethereal flying. At the end of the article, "it seems that it is not a small flower, but a little bit is a drop of tears." It's really an ambitious pen. It has been repeatedly recited and pondered by people for thousands of years, which is a stroke of genius.
When Su Shi's Mid-Autumn Ci is mentioned, everyone will think of the famous "Shuidiao Song Tou", but this poem "Xijiang Yue", which was also written in the Mid-Autumn Festival, seems very lonely and should have been written when he was relegated to Huangzhou. In this poem, Su Shi takes the Mid-Autumn Festival, a festival with profound emotional significance, as the background to express his feelings of belittling Huangzhou's loneliness and bitterness. At the same time, he lamented the passage of time and expressed his deep thinking about life history and deep attachment to the true feelings of the world. In the creation of a cold artistic atmosphere, readers can see the tragic and graceful side behind Su Dongpo's broad-minded detachment.
1082 spring (five years in Yuanfeng, Song Shenzong), written by the author while swimming in Qingquan Temple.
This word was written in the third spring after Su Shi was demoted to Huangzhou (1082). Looking at the complete word, we will have a new understanding of the ups and downs of life and the joys and sorrows of emotions. Through the encounter of wind and rain on the way to the wild, I saw the profound meaning in simplicity, gave birth to a strange alarm in the ordinary, showed a broad-minded and detached mind, and embodied an extraordinary ideal of life.
This word was written in Yuanfeng five years, and Dongpo Huangzhou fell for three years. The style of the whole poem is broad and elegant. On the night of late autumn, the writer was drinking and having fun in Tang Xue, Dongpo, and returned to Lingao's residence after drinking, which showed the poet's life ideal, attitude towards life and desire for complete liberation, and the author's broad-minded and sad mood.
This quatrain was written in the seventh year of Yuanfeng in Song Shenzong (1084). The language of this poem is simple and profound. At the time of writing this poem, although the poet has passed the age of no doubt, this poem does not give people a feeling of depression and depression. From such vivid images as "east wind", "worship of light", "fragrant fog", "high candle" and "red makeup", we can clearly feel the poet's broad-minded and natural mind.
The feelings expressed in Night Tour in Chengtian Temple are subtle and complicated, including the sadness of relegation, the feeling of life, the joy of enjoying the moon and the leisure of walking. When the author "undressed and wanted to sleep", he "entered the house by moonlight", so he "set off happily". Moonlight is rare and can't help but make people happy. However, no one enjoyed the moon with him, so he had to go to Zhang Huaimin and he was demoted. How much demeaning sadness and perception of life! Two people strolled in the atrium, which was very leisurely. Compared with "idle people", it contains all the meanings. The vivid description of the transparent and wonderful moonlight reveals the author's special mood, which is self-adaptive and self-contemptuous, although he has subtle feelings in belittling. Expressed the author's love for moonlight, expressed the author's self-explanation, self-pride, self-mockery, longing and appreciation of natural life, and despised and satirized the "idle people" with "busy people" (court officials).
This is Su Shi's noun "divination operator". There is a small preface in the popular anthology of various versions: "Huangzhou will make Huiyuan the home." According to historical records, this word was first written in Huangzhou in 1083 (the sixth year of Zongshen Yuanfeng). Dinghui Garden is in the southeast of Huanggang County, Hubei Province, and Su Shi has another article "You Ding Hui Garden". As can be seen from the above, this poem was written by Su Shi when he first demoted Huangzhou to live in Dinghuiyuan. After being demoted to Huangzhou, although there are problems in life, Su Shi is optimistic and open-minded, and can lead his family through the difficulties in life through his own efforts. But my inner loneliness and loneliness are beyond others' understanding. In this poem, the author uses the image of loneliness and glory on a moonlit night to express his feelings of aloof, self-confidence and contempt for the world.
There is another way of saying this word. According to Sixty Sentences of Dongpo Ci in Song Dynasty, this word is orderly and tells a sad and sad story. The extract is as follows: Huizhou has a women's prison in Duwen, which is quite colorful. Sixteen years old, refused to get married. I'm glad to hear about Poe's arrival. Every night, when I smell Poe's irony, I wander under the window. When I touched the slope and pushed open the window, my daughter climbed over the wall. So Poe came to him and said, "Tell Wang Lang to marry his son. A few days later, the slope crossed the sea, and the woman died and was buried on the beach. Po Hui Hui, give this word.
The threshold is so high. . . . .
End the exile in Huangzhou and go to Ruzhou to find Ying Yong.
In the seventh year of Yuanfeng (1084), Zongshen was demoted from Huangzhou to Ruzhou Youth Training Assistant. When he went to Ruzhou, he passed through Jiujiang and visited Lushan Mountain with his friends. The magnificent landscape triggered a vigorous and magnificent idea, so I wrote several poems about Lushan Mountain. The title Xilin Wall is a summary after visiting Lushan Mountain.
This poem was written in the seventh year of Yuanfeng (1084). On the way to Ruzhou (now Ruxian County, Henan Province), Su Shi passed through Sizhou (now Sixian County, Anhui Province) and traveled to Nanshan with Liu Yi of Sizhou. This poem, in a vivid picture with gorgeous colors and an open realm, embodies the author's open and elegant aesthetic taste and attitude towards life, giving people beautiful enjoyment and endless reverie.
After the death of Empress Dowager Gao, she returned to Beijing.
Wang Gong, a good friend of Su Shi, was demoted to the hinterland of Lingnan, Pennsylvania, because he was involved in the Wutai poetry case that killed Su Shi. When Wang Dingguo was demoted, her geisha Rounu resolutely accompanied her to Lingnan. 1083 (in the sixth year of Yuanfeng), Wang Gongbei returned, and Rounu (pseudonym Yu Niang) advised Su Shi to drink. When Su Shi asked about the customs of Guangnan, Rounu replied, "This peaceful place is my hometown". Su Shi was greatly moved after hearing this, and wrote this word to praise it.
Two Late Scenes of Hui Chong Riverside are two poems written by Su Shi for Hui Chong in Bianjing (now Kaifeng, Henan) in the eighth year of Shen Yuanfeng (1085). This poem was written in Jiangyin.
Hangzhou magistrate period
This poem was given by the poet as a gift to his good friend Liu Jingwen. The first two sentences of the poem describe the scenery, and grasp the "lotus flower exhausted" and "chrysanthemum remnant" to describe the bleak scene in late autumn and early winter. There is a sharp contrast between "nothing" and "still there", which highlights the image of Chrysanthemum Ao Shuang fighting the cold. The last two sentences discuss the scenery and reveal the purpose of giving poems. It shows that although the winter scenery is bleak and cold, it also has fruitful and mature harvest, but it is incomparable in other seasons. The poet wrote this to describe a person's prime of life. Although youth has passed, it is also the golden stage of maturity and great achievements in life. Encourage friends to cherish this wonderful time, be optimistic and make unremitting efforts, and never be depressed and laugh at yourself.
Su Shi's To Liu Jingwen was written in the fifth year of Yuanyou (1090), and Su Shi was appointed as the secretariat of Hangzhou. "Tiaoxi Fishing Hidden from Conghua" says that this poem sings about the scenery in early winter, "The song is wonderful." Although this poem was written for (when Su Shi gave it, Liu was 58 years old and was inevitably dying), it was written about the scenery in late autumn and made no mention of Liu's own moral articles. This does not seem to be the proper meaning in the title, but in fact, the author's genius lies in praising Liu's character and moral integrity. Into the description of the early winter scenery without trace. Because in the author's opinion, the most beautiful scenery in a year is the orange-green early winter scenery. Citrus, like pine and cypress, can best represent people's noble character and loyal moral integrity.
This poem was written in 109 1 year (six years in Yuan You, Song Zhezong). Su Shi learned about Hangzhou, in order to bid farewell to his old friend Qian Mufu who passed through Hangzhou from Yuezhou (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang). The whole poem has changed the sentimental, sad and generous style of farewell poems in the past, and has made some innovations in statutes, resorting to bold, argumentative and frank writing, which has both charm and interest, and fully embodies the author's broad-minded and free-spirited personality. The poet's affection for his old friend as soon as possible is deep and delicate, and it is full of twists and turns and touching.
Huizhou period
Shao Sheng wrote Huizhou for three years (1096). There are two songs under this topic. Choose the second one here. Lingnan and Guangdong were wild places in the Song Dynasty, and most guilty ministers were exiled here. Here, moving guests to demote officials often leads to many lamentations, but Dongpo is not. In this poem, he shows his consistent optimistic, broad-minded and carefree spirit, and also expresses his love for Lingnan scenery.
This word was written in the author's later years, and it is a sad autumn work. After Shao Shengyuan (1094) moved to Huizhou, Su Shi suffered from hemorrhoids in Shao Sheng (1095) in July and began to recover in August and September. At this time, it was already late autumn, which was in line with the scenery described by this word. This word may have been written at this time. The whole poem integrates mourning for autumn as nature, mourning for autumn as life and mourning for autumn as artistic conception. The style is sad and sad, the emotion is gloomy and lingering, and it is full of appeal. Its tough words, through the recovery in autumn, expressed the sigh of the ups and downs of officialdom and the vicissitudes of the world, revealing the sadness at the time of dying. The author had a rough life and was demoted several times. At this time, the once proud wit, looking back on his life's wandering, seems to have seen through the past indifferently, firmly and freely in the autumn wind. At this time, he lost his arrogance and was really hurt. In the sadness of the whole poem, the author is as broad-minded as ever, and also expresses the author's meaningless attitude towards the rough life, letting go of his feelings in sadness, mourning without hurting.
This poem was written by Su Shi for mourning, and it was also a secret mourning for Zhao Yun, the concubine who resolutely retired to Huizhou in Lingnan. The plum blossom in Huizhou described in the ci is actually the embodiment of Chaoyun's beautiful face and noble character.
Danzhou and its return period
During Shao Shengyuan's reign (1094), Song Zhezong was in charge, Cai Jing and Zhang Dun were in charge of the court affairs, specializing in the Yuan Dynasty; Su Shi became the main target of attack and persecution, and was demoted again and again, from Yingzhou to Huizhou, and finally released to Danzhou for seven years. It was not until Zhezong died that he was forgiven. This poem was written by Fu Yuan when he returned from Hainan Island in June of the third year (1 100).
11kloc-0/In March, Su Shi set out from Ganzhou, passed through Nanchang, Dangtu and Jinling, and arrived in Zhou Zhen (now Yizheng, Jiangsu) in May. He planned to live in Changzhou through Runzhou in June. The Portrait of Jinshan was made by Su Shi when he visited Longyou Temple in Jinshan, Zhou Zhen. When writing this poem, it was two months before Su Shi's death, and the author was over sixty years old, so he came to the end of his life. Looking back on my life, I feel depressed and depressed. Even if I have the mighty spirit of loyalty to serve the country, I have to turn it into a long sigh, with unfulfilled ambition. The author can only lament generously and sigh for depravity. The following "Like a Ship Not Tied" refers to his wandering in his later years, expressing his wandering sadness. If it is limited to "entering the play". Su Shi will not be the "Dongpo old man" who makes people smile. He won't and won't indulge in sorrow. Let's look at the last two sentences, "Ask about your life achievements, Danzhou, Huizhou and Huangzhou:" Contrary to the sad mood, it is amazing to replace the sadness of life frustration with the broad-mindedness that has long been used to the world. Su Shi believes that his achievements in life are neither as a minister in the Ministry of Rites, nor as a foreign minister in his ancestral department, nor as a magistrate in Valve State, Xuzhou and Mizhou (the author used to be a magistrate in these three places). In three degraded states. It is really "full of absurd things", but this "Dongpo watch" can best "forget the machine when you are old." Frustrated or bumpy, he doesn't lose his true colors. It's really hopeless romance. The last two sentences are humorous and self-deprecating, but they also profoundly convey the author's delicate mood at the moment.
The age of creation is unknown
The whole article is clear and picturesque. In the calm and natural description, the author implicitly and euphemistically reveals his deep condemnation of those who are drunk, dream of death, love pleasure and spare no effort. This poem is gorgeous, implicit and intriguing. In particular, "a moment in spring is worth a thousand dollars" has become a famous sentence that has been passed down through the ages, and people often use it to describe the brevity and preciousness of its beautiful scenery.
Some people commented that "going to Yaotai" means that the villain is in power at a high position; "Can't be swept away" means that it is of no help for honest ministers to repeatedly write letters and expose them; Three or four sentences: the ethereal masculinity falls, the flower shadow disappears, the bright moon rises, and the flower shadow reappears, which means that the villain disappears temporarily, but finally appears on the political stage. From the analysis of the poet's bumpy career and political frustration in his life, he may have feelings of despising small groups and hating official corruption. However, poetry, as a literary work, obviously cannot be a record of life. It should be more general, more concentrated and more typical than life itself. So if you want to sit down and say which sentence refers to who or what, it will inevitably be a bit far-fetched.