Yi Lee? Tang dynasty
At dusk, drums are like a border state. I went to this building thirty years ago.
Today, the mountain city is sad not only for autumn, but also for tears.
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Boarding Ruzhou Tower, looking at the dim dusk scenery in front of you, it seems that you are in a frontier fortress, and the familiar drum horn sounds in your ears. It was thirty years ago that I first climbed the tower.
I think that the war has not been extinguished and the country is devastated; Full of melancholy is not only because of this bleak autumn!
To annotate ...
Ruzhou: Linru, Henan, located in the hinterland of the Tang Dynasty. In the middle of the founding of Tang Dezong, Huaixi made Li Xilie rebel, and Ruzhou fell, which became the battlefield of Tang Jun and the rebels.
Border state: border city.
Distinguish and appreciate
This is a touching work. The realm is desolate and deep. In the first sentence of the poem, "drumming at dusk" is what you see and hear, and "like a border state" is what you feel and think. Li Yi has been in the army for a long time, and of course he is very familiar with the frontier scenery, especially the sound of gongs and drums in the military camp. At this time, I boarded the tower of Ruzhou (now Linru County, Henan Province), and what I saw in front of me was the dim dusk scenery, and the sad drums sounded in my ears. I will meet things, and love will follow the scene. Once so familiar with the frontier life, resurfaced in front of him, can not help but make him feel that he is in the hinterland of the Tang Dynasty, and actually feel that he is in a border state. This kind of feeling is rooted in personal life experience and contains the content of the times, which is extremely heavy. Although only the word "like a border country" is used here, these three words are endless and run through the whole article.
The first sentence is to recall the distant frontier life from space; Next, the second sentence "I went to this building thirty years ago" is to recall the long years in the past. This sentence looks ordinary and is written simply. It does not describe the scene of climbing a building 30 years ago, nor does it describe the changes of people in the past 30 years. However, between the lines, the feeling is related to one sentence. As Sun Zhu said in his comment on Du Fu's poem "Encountering the River" in 300 Tang Poems: "The chaos of the world, the rise and fall of the years, ... are all in it."
According to textual research, this song "Building on Ruzhou County" was written in 804 AD (the twentieth year of Zhenyuan) when Li Yi was 57 years old, which has been 30 years since, and his first time on the building was roughly during the official period of Zhengjun, Huazhou. Try to investigate what happened between his two visits to the building: As far as the author's personal experience is concerned, he lived a gloomy life in Zhengxian for several years, then went to the frontier fortress and lived a long military life in the scenes of Shuofang, Youzhou, Yanfang and Yongning. As far as the changes of the current situation are concerned, the Tang Dynasty is in decline, and it is becoming more and more difficult to return to the separatist situation in the buffer regions. In the period of Daizong and Dezong, not only the three towns in Hebei, but also Ziqing and Huaixi became the source of unrest. In 783 AD (the fourth year of Dezong Jianzhong), Ruzhou was once captured by Li Xilie, our time in Huaixi; When Li Yi visited Ruzhou for the second time, the rebellion in Huaixi had not been settled. Thirty years has changed a lot. He started all over again, and at the thought of this body, he changed from youth to aging; Think of this place, it's a backcountry but it's like a border. The battlefield remains the same and the personnel are completely different. At this time, thinking about the present and the past, I have many feelings, worrying about the world when I am hurt, and worrying about the world when I am in the tide. I can't help but lament the changes of the years and the ups and downs of the national fortune. This is why the poet immediately wrote the sentence "Today the mountains and rivers cry" in this poem.
This third poem will remind people of the story of the people crossing the river in the Eastern Jin Dynasty crying in Xintianting. It will also remind people of the famous sentence "Although the country is broken, the mountains and rivers remain forever" in Du Fu's poem "Spring Hope". At that time, Li Yi said that he couldn't express his feelings in such a small poem, and he didn't want to say it all, because it was autumn when he went upstairs. Finally, without explaining the reason, he ended his poem with the sentence "Sorrow is not just for sad autumn". Since Song Yu sent out a sad song in Nine Arguments, "Sorrow for autumn is the spirit, and the grass languishes", "Sorrow for autumn" has become a common content in poetry. In fact, there is no simple sorrow for autumn. If Song Yu only mourns autumn for the sake of mourning autumn, Du Fu would not have to say "decline" meaningfully in Five-character Poems: I know Song Yu's sorrow. Here, Li Yi only tells readers that the reason why he is sad is "not just the sadness of autumn", and the poem comes to an abrupt end. The meaning and implication of this poem can only be left for readers to explore.