It was created by Li Shangyin, a poet in the Tang Dynasty.
Tianya
Spring is at the end of the world, and the sun is slanting at the end of the world.
The oriole cries like tears, which is the highest flower in wetness.
Appreciation
At the beginning of this poem, the poet creates an atmosphere of strong contrast between environment and mood. The first sentence is straightforward and contains extremely deep and sad feelings. "Spring Day" describes the beauty and loveliness of time, and "Tianya" refers to the distance of wandering; when the two words are used together, the beautiful spring scenery is intertwined with the sorrow of traveling. The second sentence uses the "thimble" pattern, repeats the word "Tianya", and then points to the meaning of the question. The more beautiful and lovely the spring day is, the more desolate the poet is, the more melancholy the poet far away in the world feels. "Spring is at the end of the world" already makes people feel sad; and "The sun is slanting at the end of the world" goes up a level, which further exaggerates the desolate atmosphere of wandering alone in the ends of the world, wandering in poverty. "The sun sets again" means that the time is getting later and one day is about to pass, which casts a tired and dark shadow over the beautiful spring scenery. Even though the spring flowers are blooming and the setting sun is setting in the west, they will be lost in the vast twilight in a short time. Day after day, spring will eventually lose its beauty and pass away quietly. Time is fleeting and flowers are bound to wither, which is consistent with the frustration and wasted time on the poet's life path. With the word "you", it means that the sun is setting, the road is exhausted, the fatigue, the loneliness, the pain of being empty and helpless are all beyond the words.
The first two sentences contain the meaning of infinite nostalgia and cherishment for beautiful things, but also the helplessness of the sadness that life will wither. Li Shangyin often writes about the setting sun in his poems. If the poet still had a hint of passion in "The sunset is infinitely beautiful, but it's almost dusk", here he only has a deep sense of twilight. These two sentences are extremely clever in the use of language. The "日" in the first sentence refers to the time, and the "日" in the second sentence refers to the sunset; the "Tianya" at the end of the first sentence generally refers to the distant frontier, and the "thimble" technique is used in the second sentence to " It begins with "End of the World", but actually refers to the horizon that you can see. These two words appear together in two sentences. The imaginary writing and the real writing complement each other in semantics, and they go back and forth in phonetics, forming a special kind of linguistic beauty that makes people chant with endless meaning and lingering sound.
Then the poet turned his pen, spread the wings of his imagination, and created a unique artistic conception. Originally, the oriole's cry from thousands of miles away was a beautiful spring song, but in this situation, it sounded like a sad cry to the poet. Moreover, the poet was always filled with melancholy, imagining that if the oriole crows with tears, he hopes it can bring tears to the poet's ears. Wet the tallest flowers on the branches. This seems bizarre, even unreasonable, but it is precisely in this unreasonableness that the poet's emotions are vividly expressed. Du Fu has a poem that says "when he feels the flowers, he sheds tears." Whether it is Du Fu who sheds tears on the flowers when he feels them, or the flowers contain dew and seem to shed tears, in short, there are tears or things like tears as the basis. Here, Li Shangyin has nothing to rely on. He associates the real orioles with crying, imagines tears from crying, and then thinks of tears wetting flower branches. In terms of artistic feelings, he combines hearing ("crying"), vision (looking at flowers), and touch ("flowers"). "Wet") are integrated into one, writing out the poet's keen associations and deep feelings, resulting in a strong artistic appeal.
Qian Zhongshu called this "quyu" in "Tan Yi Lu", that is, a tortuous metaphor. This expression method can best express the author's deep emotions. The "tallest flower" in the poem refers to the flower that blooms the latest in spring. The flower blooms to the highest branch, and all other flowers have withered, so spring is about to pass. The melodious orioles in these two sentences form another contrast with the poet's imaginary tears, deepening the contrast between the environment and emotions caused by the previous two sentences, and echoing the waning spring and sunset, revealing a sense of loss. . In fact, it is the poet himself who wants to cry in sorrow, but his torch has turned to ashes and his tears have dried up, so he can only ask the oriole to cry to express his hatred.
In general, from the perspective of expression techniques, the two sentences "Spring is at the end of the world, and the sun is slanting at the end of the world" use the thimble technique to repeat the word "end of the world", which makes the melancholy of the poet far away in the horizon more prominent; The two sentences "The oriole cries like tears, the wettest flower" use the technique of embodying emotion in the scene and empathizing with the object. "The warbler's cry" is gentle and sweet, but the poet feels that the oriole seems to be crying, and the oriole's tears make the water wet. The flowers at the highest point are highlighted, highlighting the poet's wandering and sorrowful mood. The "highest flower" means that spring has passed, and beautiful things are about to disappear, doubling the sadness; the "highest flower" has no one to protect it, and is exposed to wind and rain, which is similar to the fate of a poet who is talented and ambitious but spends his life in poverty. The poet lived in the declining Tang Dynasty in the late Tang Dynasty, which was characterized by political corruption, separatist vassal towns, eunuchs' monopoly power, and cliques. He was born in a poor family, experienced many vicissitudes, had a bumpy career, had a bleak future, had no talent, and was unable to make progress; when the good times were about to pass, , the wandering poet faced the sunset and expressed the emotion of the end of the world.
This little poem expresses a strong sense of loss and sadness. This emotion not only contains the poet's sadness about his boss's decline, but also reflects the gloom and decline of the times, showing the poet's feelings towards Disappointment of personal and even era prospects. Therefore, this beautiful and sad quatrain is not only the elegy of spring, but also the elegy of life, and it is also the elegy of the poet's era.