Li Bai will want to travel by boat,
Suddenly I heard singing on the shore.
Peach Blossom Lake is deep in thousands of feet,
Not as good as Wang Lun.
[Brief analysis]
When Li Bai plays in Taohuatan, Jingxian County, he often visits Wang Lun, a villager. When he left, Wang Lun came to see me off, so Li Bai wrote this poem to leave. This poem expresses Li Bai's deep affection for Wang Lun, an ordinary villager.
The first two narratives: "Li Bai was about to leave by boat when he heard singing on the shore." Li Bai is going to leave by boat. Wang Lun came to see me off with a group of villagers. They walked arm in arm and sang. Considering "desire" and "sudden smell", he wrote the poet's surprise model. "Will and desire" is the time when the ship is ready to go; "Suddenly smell" means unexpected. Maybe Wang Lun gave a farewell dinner last night, which means something can't be delivered the next day. But now he has not only come, but also brought a group of villagers to see him off. Why not make the poet excited! What language is used to express it? The Peach Blossom Pond is nearby, so the poet has a handy hand to compare the depth of the Peach Blossom Pond with Wang Lun's affection for himself. "Peach Blossom Lake is deeper than thousands of feet, not as good as Wang Lun's love for me." Shen Deqian commented in Qing Dynasty: "It is a common saying that Wang Lun's love is better than thousands of feet's. The wonderful scene is just in a transition. " Indeed, the beauty of these two sentences is that the word "less than" connects two unrelated things. Taking thousands of feet Peach Blossom Pool as a reference, it is both vivid and intriguing to turn intangible friendship into tangible. The pool is "deep in thousands of feet", so how deep is Wang Lun's friendship?
Tang Ruxun in the Ming Dynasty said in the Interpretation of Tang Poems: "Lun, the ear of a village, how can it be near white?" It's time to make wine, and it's time to say goodbye to our ancestors. Our feelings are solid and extraordinary. It is too white, unreal and convenient, so it is eternal. "This comment is very appropriate.
24. Sitting alone in Jingting Mountain (Li Bai)
Birds fly high,
Lonely clouds go to leisure alone.
Never tired of looking at each other,
Only Jingting Mountain.
[Brief analysis]
This poem was written by Li Bai when he left Chang 'an and wandered for ten years to Xuancheng. In the long-term wandering life, he tasted the coldness of the world and added a sense of loneliness. However, his proud and stubborn personality remains the same. During this period, he wrote a lot of poems to relieve his depression by wandering around immortals and drinking, and also wrote a lot of poems to express his feelings and feelings. This poem shows that the poet feels lonely in real life and is comforted in the embrace of nature.
The first two sentences, "Birds fly high, and lonely clouds go to leisure alone", reveal a sense of loneliness. Many birds in the sky flew away and disappeared without a trace; Even the only solitary cloud refused to go to stop for a minute, and floated away alone. The mountain was particularly quiet. In the poet's view, everything in the world hates him and leaves him. The words "fatigue", "loneliness", "independence" and "idleness" show the poet's strong sense of loneliness. This is precisely the mental outlook of many literati with ideals and talents and political oppression in feudal society.
Three or four sentences, "Never tire of seeing it, only Jingting Mountain", personify Jingting Mountain in a romantic way. Although the bird flew away, the poet didn't go back, and he didn't want to go back. He stared at the quiet and beautiful Jingting Mountain for a long time and felt that Jingting Mountain seemed to be looking at himself affectionately. There is no need to say anything between them, and they have reached emotional communication. "Never tire of two things" shows the emotional affinity between the poet and Jingting Mountain. "Only" does not mean too little, but a kind of pride and satisfaction of "knowing one thing in life is enough".
25. The Yellow Crane Tower bid farewell to Meng Haoran (Li Bai) on the way to Yangzhou.
My old friend resigned from the Yellow Crane Tower,
Fireworks fell in Yangzhou in March.
Lonely sails, distant shadows, blue sky,
Only the Yangtze River flows in the sky.
[Brief analysis]
Li Bai is a poet who loves nature and likes to make friends. His book According to a Constant Habit in My Life covers almost the whole of China, leaving many works praising the beauty of nature and friendship. Farewell to Meng Haoran on the Yellow Crane Tower is a famous sentence that has been sung all the time. This poem was written by Li Bai when he was traveling in Sichuan. It describes the poet's infinite attachment when he bid farewell to his friends, and also describes the magnificence of the motherland.
The opening sentence of the poem, "An old friend stayed in the Yellow Crane Tower in the west", closely follows the theme and points out the place of farewell and his relationship with the person who was sent away. The word "old friend" illustrates the profound friendship between the two poets. "Yellow Crane Tower" is a world-famous scenic spot, a place where poets hang out and meet, and also a legendary place where immortals ascend to heaven by crane. Now two elegant poets say goodbye here, which is more poetic and romantic. The second sentence, "Fireworks will descend in Yangzhou in March", followed by the first sentence. Write down the time of seeing off and the place where the person who was sent will go. "Yangzhou" is a metropolis in the southeast, which has been prosperous since ancient times. "March" is a season of beautiful spring and blooming flowers. The poet decorated "March" with "fireworks", which not only vividly wrote the gorgeous face of Yangchun, but also reminded people of the prosperous and peaceful scene of Yangzhou with flowers and embroidered curtains. The place where Meng Haoran is going is really a good place and the time is right. Li Bai naturally envies his friend's trip very much. The beautiful and vivid poem "Fireworks in March in Yangzhou" expresses the poet's inner happiness and yearning. However, Li Bai is also an emotional poet. When a friend sails, the feeling of parting arises spontaneously. From Li Taibai's poems, we can see that there are many poems between Li Bai and Meng Haoran. In a letter to Meng Haoran, Li Bai wrote: "Master, I sincerely salute you. Your reputation has risen to the sky. In the rosy youth, you gave up the importance of hats and chariots and chose pine trees and clouds; Now, whitehead. " It can be seen how much Li Bai admires Meng Haoran and how deep their friendship is.
The third and fourth sentences of the poem are exactly the farewell feelings of Li Bai when he bid farewell to his poetry friends. "Lonely sails sail in the blue sky, and only the Yangtze River flows in the sky." On the surface, these two poems are all about scenery, but in fact they have distinct poet images. "Lonely Sail" does not mean that there is only one sailboat on the vast Yangtze River, but that all the poet's attention and feelings are focused on the sailboat that his friends are riding. The poet saw off at the edge of the Yellow Crane Tower, watching his friend's boat hang sail, drifting away, getting smaller and smaller, getting blurred, leaving only a little shadow, and finally disappearing at the junction of water and sky, while the poet still stood for a long time, watching the river flow to the sky, as if entrusting his affection to the river, accompanying the accompanying boat and sending his friend to his destination. What a profound friendship these two poems express, but the word "friendship" can't be found in them. The poet skillfully pinned his deep affection for parting on the dynamic description of natural scenery, and completely integrated his feelings with the scenery, which really made him memorable.
In addition, in the rhyme of poetry, the poet also ingeniously chose the melodious rhyme of the three tones of "Lou", "Zhou" and "Liu", and recited it in a lingering way. This is very consistent with the distant scene of solitary sails, the river flowing to the sky and the poet's longing and affectionate expression. In addition, the language is beautiful and natural, and the artistic conception is rich and open. This poem really makes people like it more and more. No wonder it has been sung through the ages.
A Qing poet Shen Deqian commented on the artistic features of Li Taibai's seven-character quatrains in Tang Poems: "The seven-character quatrains are close to feelings, and more importantly, they are hidden. Just looking at the prospect, there is an implication in speaking, which makes people stay away from it, too white and awkward. " Li Taibai's four wonders are really unique in poetry.
26. Arrive in Baidicheng early (Li Bai)
Say goodbye to Bai Di,
Thousands of miles in Jiangling, one day.
Apes on both sides of the Taiwan Strait kept crying.
The canoe has crossed Chung Shan Man.
[Brief analysis]
This is a seven-character quatrain that has been told through the ages.
In the spring of 758 AD, Li Bai was exiled to Yelang (present-day western Guizhou) because of his involvement in Li Lin, the shogunate of Wang Yong, and was pardoned only when he arrived in Baidicheng. On the way back to Jiangling, I wrote this poem, expressing the poet's happy mood.
In the first sentence, the poet recalled that the sailing time was in the morning and the place was Baidicheng. "Caiyun" is about the height of Baidicheng. Colorful clouds blend with the poet's joy of forgiveness. The second sentence describes the poet's wish and the speed of the ship, which takes only one day to reach Jiangling. The poet used exaggerated techniques to write the trend of a long river running thousands of miles, and at the same time expressed the mood of the poet "anxious to return".
The third and fourth sentences vividly describe the rapid driving of canoes. "The apes on both sides of the strait are crying, and the canoe has passed Chung Shan Man." The cries of apes on both sides of the strait have not stopped, but the brisk boat has passed Qian Shan Wanling. These two sentences are very clever rhetorical devices: the poet writes the ape first, then the canoe, and connects "can't cry" with "crossing Chung Shan Man" with a word "you", and uses the echo of the ape to set off the rapidity of the canoe. The poet's desire to return to the East is permeated with the bright rhythm of poetry.
The whole poem is lyrical about the scenery, lively and lively, expressing relaxed and happy feelings, reaching the point of blending scenes.
27. Qiupu Song (Li Bai)
White hair three thousands of feet,
Fate is like a long sorrow.
I don't know. In the mirror,
Where to get autumn frost.
[Brief analysis]
This poem expresses the poet's difficulty in displaying his talents with romantic exaggeration.
The first sentence "three thousands of feet with white hair" is a wonderful exaggeration, which seems unreasonable. A person can't have seven feet tall and three thousand feet long hair. I didn't understand until I read the next sentence, "Fate is like a long sorrow", because sorrow is like this. "Fate", because; "Long", so long. White hair is born of sadness and grows because of sadness. This 3000-foot white hair is a symbol of inner sadness. The tangible white hair in the poem is replaced by intangible sadness, so these three thousands of feet white hairs are naturally understood as artistic exaggeration. The last two sentences "I don't know where to get autumn frost in the mirror" mean: I look at the clear bronze mirror and see my rustling white hair, but I don't know how my hair has become so white. By asking myself questions, I further strengthened the characterization of the word "sorrow" and expressed the poet's difficult dilemma. "Autumn frost" refers to white hair, which has a sad and haggard emotional color.
This poem was written in the last years of Tianbao in Li Longji, Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty. At this time, the Tang Dynasty was politically corrupt and the poet was deeply worried about the whole situation. At this time, Li Bai was over 50 years old, and his ideal could not be realized, but he was suppressed and excluded. Why not let the poet worry about his white hair and dye his temples with autumn cream?
28. Wangtianmen Mountain (Li Bai)
Tianmen interrupted the opening of the Chu River,
Higashi Shimizu flow by this time.
Green hills on both sides of the strait are opposite.
Lonely sails come from the sun.
[Notes]
1. Tianmen Mountain: Located on both sides of the Yangtze River in Hexian County, Anhui Province, southwest of dangtu county. It is called Xiliangshan in the north of the Yangtze River and Liangshan in the south of the Yangtze River. The two mountains face each other across the river and look like portals, so they are called "Tianmen".
2. Chu River: Yangtze River. The middle reaches of the Yangtze River in ancient times belonged to Chu State, so it was called "Chu River".
3. Back to this point: the Yangtze River flows eastward to the vicinity of Tianmen Mountain and turns northward.
4. back: detour.
5. Out: Excellent.
6. The edge of the sun: the horizon.
29. The banks of the Yellow River were recovered by the imperial army (Du Fu)
The news of this distant western station! The north has been recovered! At first, I couldn't stop crying on my coat.
Where are my wife and son? There is not a trace of sadness on their faces. However, I packed my books and poems crazily.
On a green spring day, I began to go home, singing my songs loudly and drinking my wine.
Come back from this mountain, pass another mountain, go up from the south and then go north-to my own town! .
[explanation]
The Anshi Rebellion brought great disasters to the country and people, and Du Fu had long hoped that the Anshi Rebellion could be settled as soon as possible. When the day finally came, he was so excited that he cried with joy. The first four sentences are from "sudden biography" to "first smell" and then to "look" and "roll". Several continuous movements describe the mood of surprise to the fullest. The last four sentences try to describe the excitement of "ecstasy" through imagination: he not only wants to sing loudly and drink loudly, but also wants to return to his hometown immediately in a beautiful spring. It can be seen from the four place names he listed in one breath that his heart has already flown away along this route!
30. quatrains (Du Fu)
Two orioles sing green willows,
A line of egrets flew into the sky,
The window contains autumn snow in Xiling,
Mambo Wu Dong Wan Li Ship.
[Brief analysis]
This poem was written by Du Fu when he lived in Huanhuaxi Caotang, Chengdu, and * * * wrote four quatrains. This poem is the third of them, describing the spring scenery in front of Huanhuaxi Caotang.
This poem consists of two neat antitheses. The first two sentences, "Two orioles singing green willows and a row of egrets flying into the sky", are about moving scenery. In front of the hall, orioles sing among the green willows, and get a close look; Egrets fly into the sky, which is a kind of vision. The pictures of these scenes are colorful: yellow birds, green willows, snow-white egrets and blue sky, and the four colors are impressive. Not only the color, but also the sound, coupled with Ying Ge's euphemistic singing, is really a vibrant and beautiful scene. The last two sentences, "The window contains the autumn snow in Xiling, and the boating gate in Wan Li, Wu Dong", describe the static scenery. The two verbs in the first two sentences are "Ming" and "Shang", and the last two sentences are "Han" and "Bo", which are dynamic and static. The third sentence is about the snow in Xiling, which is a vision. The word "Han" is personified, which is very appropriate and vivid; "Qian Qiu" points out a long time and shows its tranquility. The fourth sentence says that the boat in front of the door is close-up. "Berthing", berthing, but this berthing is a ship about to sail for Soochow, and there is movement in silence; "Wan Li" illustrates the vastness of space. Every sentence of this poem contains a scene, in which the moving scene, the static scene, the close-up scene and the long-range scene alternately reflect each other, forming a colorful, beautiful and peaceful picture scroll, which is refreshing and never tires of reading.
3 1. Send flowers to Qing (Du Fu)
Jincheng silk tube day after day,
Half into the river, half into the clouds.
This song should only be in the sky,
How many times can the world smell?
[explanation]
The first two sentences of this poem say that the music in Chengdu is booming, playing day after day, and music is floating everywhere. After the second sentence, he said that this kind of music is only available in heaven, and it smells bad on earth, thus praising the superb beauty of Chengdu music. For famous songs, later generations often quote these two sentences to praise. In the novel Return of Colorful Clouds, after singing the songs chosen by her husband, Tao said, "Tonight is a perfect match, so it is called Song Ji! Ahem! No wonder the ancients said:' this song should only be in the sky, and the world can listen to it several times'! "
32. On "Meeting Li Guinian Downstream" (Du Fu)
It is common to see you at the home of the King of Qi.
Cui Tangjiu has heard it several times before.
It is the beautiful scenery of Jiangnan.
When the flowers fell, I met you again.
[Brief analysis]
This poem is the latest of Du Fu's quatrains, written in the fifth year of Tang Daizong Dali (770). "Ming Taizu Miscellaneous Notes" records: "During the Kaiyuan period, Li Guinian, a musician, was good at singing and dancing and took care of himself. He grew up in Du Dong. Later, he lived in the south of the Yangtze River. Every time he met the beautiful scenery, he sang a few songs to people. When he heard them in his seat, he stopped crying and drinking. Du Fu tasted poetry (that is, this poem). " Du Fu's boyhood was a prosperous time of Kaiyuan, and he was familiar with Li Guinian. Forty years later, the country has declined, and the two met in despair, unable to overcome the sense of the past and the present, so they wrote this affectionate poem.
The first two sentences, "Seeing home is a common thing, which Cui heard several times before", are reminiscing about the friendship in the prosperous period of Chang 'an in the past. "Qi Wangfu" and "Cui" were the first royal residences in Chang 'an, Kyoto during the Kaiyuan period, and they met frequently. The last two sentences, "It's the beautiful scenery in the south of the Yangtze River and the season of falling flowers." It's time for the beautiful scenery in Jiangnan again. This "falling flower season" contains a lot of contents, which is not only the season when Ming and Syria met, but also a metaphor for the situation that the Tang Dynasty turned from prosperity to decline. With the passage of time, they have reached the dusk of the falling flower season. These four words are deep and implicit. The word "you" expresses the poet's feelings of remembering the present and the past.
Retired scholars in the Qing Dynasty commented: "The chaos of the world, the ups and downs of the years, and the desolation of each other are all among them." It can be seen that this poem has a high evaluation.
33. Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night (Du Fu)
Good rain knows its correct time;
When spring comes, it will fall.
The wind blows its mouth at night;
Silent, it moistens everything.
The night road is dark,
A lantern loomed in the boat.
Dawn sees saturated red;
The town is full of flowers.
[Brief analysis]
This is a poem describing and praising the spring rain. The word "hi" in the title controls the whole article. There are eight sentences in the poem, although there is not a word "hi", but the poet's joy is beyond words.
The first couplet is about the arrival of spring rain: "Good rain knows the season, when spring comes", and the word "good" expresses the poet's praise for spring rain. Spring is the season when plants germinate and grow. When it needs to rain, it begins to rain. The poet praised Chun Yu's understanding with personification, as if he understood people's wishes.
Zhuan Xu described the characteristics of spring rain: "Sneaking into the night with the wind, moistening things silently." It is accompanied by the warm spring breeze, quietly floating on the earth in the night, constantly dense, silently moistening everything, Dont Ask For Help knows, and has no intention of pleasing. Spring rain has such a noble character that poets like it even more.
The neck couplet wrote a rainy scene on a spring night: "The night road is black and the river boat is bright." The poet hopes that it will rain enough. When he opened the door, he saw that the sky was overcast and the ground was so dark that he couldn't even see the path clearly. Only the fishing fire on the boat in the river showed a little light.
The couplet "Look at the red and wet place at dawn, flowers weigh heavily on Jinguan City" is the poet's imagination: at dawn the next day after the spring rain, the whole Jinguan City must be a scene of flowers, and the wet, heavy and red flowers must be more attractive. If the flowers are like this, the crops in that field will surely grow sturdily. Spring rain has brought vitality to the earth and brought people the hope of a bumper harvest. How can a poet not praise?