China has a long history of poetry development. Precisely because there is such a long tradition and history, and precisely because poetry occupies an important position in social life and literature and art, in the long-term development process, Chinese classical poetry has become both ideologically and artistically. Great achievements have been made. To sum up, Chinese poetry has four basic characteristics, namely: beauty of artistic conception, beauty of personality, beauty of architecture and beauty of phonology.
1. The beauty of artistic conception: The so-called artistic conception generally refers to a state expressed through the objects in the poem, and the thoughts and feelings to be expressed through the poem are expressed by the scenes written in the poem. For example, Ma Zhiyuan's "Autumn Thoughts on the Pure Sky and Sand" with dead vines, old trees and dim crows, small bridges and flowing water, people's homes, the west wind and thin horses on the ancient road. The sun sets in the west, and the heartbroken people are on the horizon. Although there are only 28 characters, it contains extremely rich content. It depicts The 10 kinds of scenery form a perfect picture, which expresses the loneliness and pain of the wanderer on the horizon. The emotions blend into the scenery, the scenes blend together, and the scenes are highly concentrated in this picture. The blending of scenes and natural language in the poem can make the artistic conception appear profound and beautiful. For example, Liu Yuxi's poem "Stone City": "The mountains surround the motherland, and the tide beats the empty city back lonely. The old moon is still there in the east of the Huaishui River, deep in the night. "Come across the female wall." These four lines describe the scenery. The poet placed the stone city in the silent mountains, the cool sound of the tide, and the hazy moonlit night, which shows the desolation and desolation of the old capital. The decline also reveals the poet's infinite sentimentality about the depression of his motherland and the desolation of his life.
2. Personality beauty: The so-called personality in poetry generally refers to the self-image, portrait, etc. of the protagonist depicted in the poem. The poet's self-image often includes descriptions of portraits, actions, expressions, psychology, and social and natural environments. For example, Liu Bang's "Song of the Great Wind": "The strong wind is blowing and the clouds are flying. Weijia is returning home, and the warriors are guarding the four directions?" Although the poem is simple and short, the characters are fully displayed. After the Hongmen Banquet, Liu Bang defeated Xiang Yu and became the founding emperor of the Han Dynasty. This made him excited, happy, and ambitious. However, there was deep fear and sorrow hidden in his heart: it is easy to win a country, but difficult to defend it. Therefore, he is extremely eager to obtain good generals and lofty ideals to consolidate the country and stabilize the country. It can be seen that this poem not only expresses his heroic and successful side, but also expresses his inner worries and contradictions. Its vivid image emerges vividly on the page. There is also Zhang Ji's "Night Mooring on the Maple Bridge": "The moon is setting, the crows are crying, the frost is full, the river maples are fishing and the fire is sleeping with melancholy. Outside the Hanshan Temple in Suzhou City, the midnight bell is ringing for the passenger ship." This poem is a masterpiece that blends scenes, and the autumn night By the river, the moon is setting, the sky is full of frost, and I am full of nostalgia. I am lying alone on a passenger ship, with only the ruined river maple and the flickering fishing fires for company. It makes people unable to sleep all night. In addition, the bells from Hanshan Temple outside Suzhou City late at night , which further highlights the lonely and nostalgic feeling of the wanderer. It depicts the unique image of a wanderer homesick.
3. Architectural beauty: The so-called architecture in poetry mostly refers to the harmony and rhythm of the poem, the rhetorical method used, the way of expression, etc. When people read the poem, they feel that the form of the poem is neat and diverse, very regular, just like the building it is built. , the form is neat but not single, there are square ones up and down, pyramid ones and stepped ones. For example, Zhang Ji
"Autumn Thoughts" Seeing the autumn wind in Luoyang City, I want to write a lot of things. I am afraid that I will not be able to explain them all in a hurry, and the pedestrians are about to leave.
The expression of this poem The method is narrative, and the writing is simple and natural. In terms of imagery, this poem uses an "autumn wind". When you see the autumn wind, you will have a feeling that time is flying fast. The year is coming to an end, and you have been away from home for a long time. When is the time to return? Therefore, a feeling of homesickness arises spontaneously; a kind of infinite melancholy will be caused by the autumn wind falling leaves and the cooler climate. From the perspective of narrative characteristics, this poem captures a typical detail: "The traveler returns to Kaifeng before leaving. ", very realistically writes the poet's infinite and deep longing for his family. It is like a beautiful pearl embedded in a building, which makes the building extremely damaged.
Four. Phonological beauty: The so-called phonology in poetry means that the poems are not only rhymed but also have strong cadences, alternating priorities, long and short lengths, and harmonious rhymes, thus enriching the expressive power and artistic beauty of the poems. In addition, double tones, overlapping rhymes, and overlapping sounds. Onomatopoeia is widely used in Chinese classical poetry. Such as "Separate water chestnuts", "Green seeds, my heart is leisurely", "Liao Xiaoyao meets the sheep", "Altair far away, bright river Han woman", "The countryside is deserted after the war, the flesh and blood are wandering on the road", "Boundless The falling trees rustle, the endless Yangtze River rolls in" and "Looking and searching, deserted, miserable and miserable" are appropriately used, which not only increases the beauty of the sound, but also strengthens the lyrical effect.