"The Story of Yueyang Tower" is a note written for the reconstruction of Yueyang Tower. It was written by Fan Zhongyan, a writer of the Northern Song Dynasty, on September 15, the sixth year of Qingli in the Northern Song Dynasty (1046), at the request of his friend Teng Zijing, the governor of Baling County. Among them, the poems "Be worried about the worries of the world first, and be happy after the joys of the world" and "Don't be happy with things, don't be sad with yourself" are the more famous and frequently quoted sentences. "The Story of Yueyang Tower" became a famous book handed down from generation to generation not because of its description of the scenery of Yueyang Tower, but because Fan Zhongyan used "The Story of Yueyang Tower" to express his worries first and happiness later, and his concern for the country and the people.
Embrace.
Table of contents
Original text
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Idioms
Word explanation
Ancient Chinese Sentences
Poetry Appreciation
Full Text Analysis
Problem Research
Author Introduction
Creative Background
p>About Yueyang Tower
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In the spring of the fourth year of Qingli, Teng Zijing was relegated to Baling County. In the next year, the government was well-connected and people were harmonious, and everything was restored. Yueyang Tower was rebuilt, its old structure was added, and poems and poems by Tang Xian and modern people were engraved on it. Belong to (zhǔ) and write (yǔ) to record it.
I watched Fu (fú) Baling Shengzhuang in a lake in Dongting. It holds the distant mountains and swallows the Yangtze River, and the vast and vast water (shāng) (shang) stretches endlessly; the morning light and evening clouds create a myriad of phenomena; this is the grand view of Yueyang Tower, which has been described by predecessors. However, it is connected to Wu Gorge in the north and Xiaoxiang in the South Pole. Migrant poets and poets often meet here, and the feeling of looking at the things is the same?
If the husband is lustful (yín), the rain is falling, and the moon is not open; the wind is howling, and the turbid waves are emptying; the sun and stars are hidden, and the mountains are invisible
; business travel is not possible, and the qiáng (qiáng) ) is destroyed by pouring; Thin (bó) twilight is dark, tigers roar and apes cry. Climbing the tower, there are those who are nostalgic for their country, worried about slander and fear of ridicule, their eyes are full of desolation, and they feel extremely sad!
When spring comes and the scenery is bright, the waves are calm, the sky is bright above and below, and the sky is a vast expanse of blue; sand gulls gather in the sky, brocade scales swim, and the shore is full of orchids, lush and green. Or when the long smoke disappears, the bright moon shines thousands of miles away, the floating light leaps into the gold, the silent shadow sinks into the jade, and the fishermen answer each other's songs, how wonderful is this joy! When you climb the tower, you will feel relaxed and happy, forgetting your favors and disgrace together, drinking wine in the wind, and you will be overjoyed.
Sigh (jiē) husband! I try to seek the heart of ancient benevolent people, or do it differently from the two. Why? Don't be happy with things, don't be sad with yourself. If you live high in the temple, you will worry about your people; if you live far away from the rivers and lakes, you will worry about your ruler. It means that you are worried when you advance, and you are also worried when you retreat. But when will you be happy? He must say: "Be worried about the worries of the world first, and be happy after the happiness of the world"! Yi! People from Weisi, who can I return to?
It was September 15th, six years ago.
Ancient Chinese Translation
In the spring of the fourth year of Renzong’s Qingli reign, Teng Zijing was demoted to Baling County as the prefect. In the second year, political affairs went smoothly, the people were happy, and all kinds of neglected projects were started. So the Yueyang Tower was rebuilt, expanded to its original size, and poems and poems by famous Tang Dynasty figures and contemporary people were engraved on the Yueyang Tower. Ask me to write an article to record this incident.
I think the good scenery in Baling County is all on Dongting Lake. Connected to the mountains in the distance, it swallows the water of the Yangtze River. The water waves are vast and boundless; it may be cloudy or sunny (in a day), and the scene changes endlessly. This is the majestic scene of Yueyang Tower. The previous records (already) are very detailed. In this case, it leads to Wu Gorge in the north and Xiaoshui and Xiangshui in the south. Most of the officials and poets who were demoted and transferred to distant places gathered here. The emotions triggered by seeing the natural scenery will probably be different, right?
Like the continuous rain that never clears up for months, the cold wind howls, and the turbid water waves rush into the sky; the sun and stars hide their brilliance, and the mountains disappear. body. Merchants and travelers were unable to travel, masts were toppled and oars were broken. In the evening, the sky is dark, the tigers roar and the apes cry. (At this time) When you climb up this building, you will leave the capital, miss your hometown, worry about others saying bad things, fear of being criticized and criticized. When you look up again, you will see a scene of depression and desolation, sighing to the extreme and feeling sad. .
As for when the spring breeze is warm and the sun is shining brightly, the lake surface is calm and there are no rough waves. The sky and lake light meet each other, and it is green and vast. Seagulls on the sandbank sometimes fly and sometimes rest, beautiful fish swim around, and the flowers and plants on the shore and on the small island are lush and green. Sometimes the large smoke dissipates completely, the bright moonlight pours down thousands of miles, the fluctuating light shines golden, the quiet moon image sinks into the water, and the fisherman's song sounds and sings in harmony. How can such fun be endless? At this time, when you climb up to the Yueyang Tower, you will feel open-minded and happy. You will forget about glory and humiliation. When you pick up the wine and drink in the breeze, you will feel really happy and happy.
Alas! I once explored the thoughts and feelings of people with noble moral character in ancient times. Perhaps they were different from the moods of the above two people. Why is this? People with high moral character in ancient times did not feel happy or sad based on the quality of external objects or their own gains and losses. When he is an official in the court, he worries about the people; when he is not an official in the court, he worries about the monarch. In this way, I am worried about being an official in the imperial court, and I am also worried about being in a remote world.
In this case, when will you feel happy? Then they will definitely say, "Worry before the world is worried, and be happy after the world is happy." Alas! If there is no such person, who should I go with?
The time is September 15th, the sixth year of Qingli.
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Note: a style of writing. It can describe scenes and narratives, mostly discussions. But the purpose is to express the author's feelings and ambitions (to elaborate on some of the author's ideas).
1) Selected from "The Collection of Fan Wenzhenggong" Fan Zhongyan (989-1052), courtesy name Xiwen, posthumous title (shì) Wenzheng, known as Fan Wenzhenggong in the world, Wuxian County, Suzhou (now Wuxian County, Jiangsu Province ), politician, military strategist, and writer of the Northern Song Dynasty. Yueyang Tower
[Yueyang Tower]
Yueyang Tower
Located at the foot of Baqiu Mountain in the northwest of Yueyang, Hunan Province, its predecessor was the military parade platform of Lu Su, the governor of Wu State during the Three Kingdoms period. In the fourth year of Kaiyuan (716) of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, Zhang Shuo built a pavilion at the former site of the military parade and named it "Yueyang Tower". He often climbed the tower with scribes to compose poems.
2) The fourth year of Qingli: 1044 AD. Qingli, the reign name of Song Renzong Zhao Zhen.
3) Teng Zijing was demoted (zhé) to guard Baling County: Teng Zijing was demoted to be the governor of Yuezhou. Teng Zijing, named Zongliang, Zijing is his given name, and a friend of Fan Zhongyan. In ancient times, friends often referred to each other by words. Relegation: In ancient times, officials were demoted or transferred to distant places. Shou, be the governor of a state or county. Baling: The name of the county, namely Yuezhou, where its governance is now Yueyang City, Hunan Province.
4) Yue Nian: In the second year, it is the fifth year of Qingli (1045). Yue, Ji, arrived.
5) The government is harmonious and the people are harmonious: the government affairs are smooth and the people are happy. Zheng, political affairs; Tong, smooth; He, harmony. These are words of praise for Teng Zijing.
6) Everything that needs to be done but has not been done is put into place. Abandoned, all kinds of wasted undertakings. Tou, Tong "Ji", all, all. Xing, revival.
7) Yueyang Tower was rebuilt and its old structure was increased: Nai, so; increase, expand. Old system: original building scale.
8) Tang Xianren: celebrities from the Tang Dynasty and modern times (Song Dynasty).
9) Belong (zhǔ) to (yú) write a composition to record it: Belong, pass "instruction". Composition, writing articles. To, used, conjunction.
10) Yu Guanfu Baling Shengzhuang: husband, modal particle, untranslated. Scenic spot, scenic spot, good scenery. One: All.
11) Title (xián) distant mountains, swallowing the Yangtze River, vast water: title, connection. Swallow, swallow. Haohaotangtang: The appearance of mighty water waves. Tangtang (shāng): The water flow is large and rapid.
12) Hengwujiya: wide and boundless. Horizontal: wide and far. Jiya: edge. (The difference between Ji and Ya: Ji refers specifically to the land boundary, and Ya refers specifically to the water boundary).
13) The sun shines in the morning, the sun sets in the evening, and the weather changes in many ways: sooner or later, there are many changes in cloudiness and sunshine (in a day). Chao, in the morning, the noun serves as an adverbial. Hui: sunlight. Weather, scene. Thousands, ever-changing.
14) This is the grand view of Yueyang Tower: This is the majestic scene of Yueyang Tower. This, this. Then, just. Grand view, majestic scene.
15) The descriptions of predecessors are prepared: The descriptions of predecessors are very detailed. The previous description refers to the "Poetry and Fu of Tang Xian and Modern People" mentioned above. Prepared, detailed, complete. Yes, the modal particle "了". Of, of.
16) However, the north leads to Wu Gorge: However: Since this is the case, then... North: The noun is used as an adverbial, to the north. Pass: Arrive
17) Xiaoxiang, Antarctica: Direct access to Xiaoshui and Xiangshui in the south. Xiaoshui is a tributary of Xiangshui River. The Xiangshui River flows into Dongting Lake. South, to the south. Extreme, end, arrival, arrival.
18) Most of the poets who moved away from home will meet here: moving away from home, officials who were demoted and transferred to distant places. Saoman, poet. Qu Yuan wrote "Li Sao" during the Warring States Period, so later generations also called the poet Sao Ren. Meeting, gathering. At, in. This, here.
19) The feelings of looking at things are the same: the emotions triggered by looking at natural scenery are probably different, right? View, see, enjoy. There is no..., maybe..., probably... Different: different.
20) Ruofu (yín) Yu Feifei (fēifēi): Ruofu is a word used to start a discussion at the beginning of a paragraph. The word "Zhi Ruo" below is used at the beginning of another paragraph to cause another level of discussion. "Ruofu" is similar to "like that". "Zhiruo" is similar to "as to" and "like" 骪(yín) rain, continuous rain. 霜霏(fēi), the appearance of heavy rain (or snow). Ge, too much.
21) Open: The original meaning is to lift, but in this article it means that the weather has cleared up.
22) The wind howls (háo), the turbid waves empty: Yin, cold. Horn, whistling; turbid, turbid. Empty, take to the sky.
23) Sun and stars hide their brilliance (yào): the sun and stars hide their brilliance. Yao, brilliance.
(23) Mountains have hidden form: mountains have hidden form. Yue, a tall mountain. Dive, disappear. Shape, trace.
24) The mast fell and the oar was broken. Qiang, mast. Ji, oar. To lean, to fall.
25) Dusk: The sky is dark in the evening. Thin, approaching. Mingming: dark appearance.
26) Si: This refers to Yueyang Tower here.
27) If you go to your country, you will miss your hometown, worry about slander and fear of ridicule: then, just go. Have, produce...(emotion).
When leaving the capital, I miss my hometown. I am worried about others saying bad things and afraid of being criticized and criticized. Go and leave. Guo, capital, refers to the capital. To go to the country, to leave Kyoto, is to leave the imperial court. Fear, fear, fear. Worry, worry. Slander, speak ill of. ridicule, accuse.
28) Those who look at Xiao Ran and feel extremely sad are: Xiao Ran, looking depressed. Feeling, emotion. Extremely, to the extreme. And, means successively. "Zhe" refers to sad feelings and plays an emphasis role.
29) Zhi Ruochun and Jingming: If the weather is warm and the sun is shining in spring. As if, like that. Spring is peaceful and the spring breeze is warm. Scenery, daylight. Ming, shine.
30) Calm: The lake is calm without any ripples. Jing: It means "to rise" or "to move".
31) The sky above and below is a vast expanse of green: the sky above and below are connected by the lake, and the sky is green and vast. One, all. Ten thousand hectares, extremely vast.
32) Sand gulls gather together and golden scales swim: Sand gulls sometimes fly and sometimes stop, and beautiful fish swim around in the water. Sandgull, gull on the sandbank. Xiangji, sometimes flying, sometimes resting. Set, rest, the bird rests on the tree. Jinlin refers to a beautiful fish. Scales refer to fish. Swimming: Refers to floating on the water surface. Swimming means sneaking in the water.
33) Anzhi (zhǐ) Tinglan: flowers and plants on the shore and small islands. Zhizhi: a kind of herb. Ting: Xiaozhou.
34) Yuyu: describes the lush vegetation.
35) Or the smoke disappears: sometimes the large smoke dissipates completely. And or, sometimes. Long: blockbuster. One, all. Empty: dissipate.
36) The bright moon shines thousands of miles away.
37) Floating light and gold: The fluctuating light shines golden. This is a description of water waves illuminated by moonlight.
38) Silent shadow sinks into the jade: The quiet moon image is like a jasper sinking into the water. Bi, round jade. This is the shadow of the moon in the water when there is no wind.
39) Fishermen answer each other’s songs: The fishermen answer each other’s questions by singing songs. Answer, respond.
40) He Ji: Where is the end? Extreme: the end.
41) Relaxed and happy: cheerful and cheerful. Kuang, open. Yi, happy.
42) Favor and disgrace together (xié) forget: glory and humiliation are forgotten together. Together, together. Favor, glory. Humiliation, humiliation.
43) Hold the wine in front of the wind: Hold the wine facing the wind, which is to drink the wine while the breeze blows. Hold: Hold, hold on. To face, to face.
44) Yangyang: looking happy and proud.
45) Sigh (jiē) husband: Alas. "域夫" is two words, both of which are modal particles.
46) I tried to seek the heart of ancient benevolent people: taste, once. Seek, explore. Ancient benevolent people, people with noble moral character in ancient times. Heart, thoughts and feelings (mind).
47) Or different: maybe different from (the above) two moods. Or, it means something close to "maybe" or "maybe", expressing a euphemistic tone. Different, different. Because, here refers to psychological activities. The two here refer to the "sadness" and "joy" in the first two paragraphs.
48) Don’t be happy with things, don’t be sad with yourself: Don’t be happy or sad because of external things (good or bad) and yourself (gains and losses) (this sentence is intertextual). Because.
49) If you live high in a temple, you will worry about the people; if you are an official in the court, you will worry about the people. It means to be an official in the court. Temple, ancestral temple. Hall, palace. Temple: refers to the imperial court. The word "jin" below refers to "living high in the temple".
50) If you are far away from the world, you will worry about your monarch: If you are an official in a remote place, you will worry about your monarch, which means being an official far away from the court. The "retreat" below refers to "being far away from the rivers and lakes". It is: a sign of postposition of attributive.
51) is: like this. Advance: Be an official in the imperial court. Retire: no longer serve as an official in the court.
52) It must be said, "Be worried before the world is worried, and be happy after the world is happy." Then it must be said, "Be worried before the world is worried, and be happy after the world is happy." . First, before...; later, after... Qi: Refers to "ancient benevolent people". Must: Definitely.
53) Weisi people, who should I go with? (If) there is no such person, who should I go with? Micro, no. Such a person. Whoever returns with you means "return with whom you return". Return, take refuge.
54) The sixth year of Qingli (1046)
Edit this idiom
"Be concerned about the world's worries first, and then be happy after the world's worries." "Happiness": Worry before people in the world worry, and enjoy after people in the world enjoy. It is a metaphor that hardship comes first and enjoyment comes later.
"Bright Moon for Thousand Miles": The bright moonlight shines on the lake for thousands of miles.
[The full text of Yueyang Tower written by Fan Zeng]
The full text of Yueyang Tower written by Fan Zeng
"Don't be happy with things, don't be sad with yourself": don't be sad because of external things You may be happy or sad about good or bad and your own gains and losses.
"Being relaxed and happy": describes an open mind and a happy spirit. Kuang: open; Yi: happy.
"Thousands of weather": weather: scene. Describes a scene or thing that is magnificent and varied. That's it
"Government guides people and people": the implementation of government orders is smooth and the people are united; it describes the country's stability and the people's happiness.
“Everything was abandoned and something was built”: Many abandoned businesses have been built again. Nowadays, the word form is standardized and written as "Everything is broken and prospered".
"Hao Hao Tang Tang": vast and vast. Refers to the majestic appearance of water.
"Rain is falling": describes the continuous drizzle.
"Calm": This is the scenery of Yueyang Tower on a moonlit night when the waves are calm. Nowadays, the common saying is that no matter what happens, you will not be confused and will not be surprised or surprised.
"One green and ten thousand hectares": a vast expanse of green. A short time, extremely wide.
"Anzhitinglan": vanilla on the shore, orchid on the island.
"Favor and disgrace are forgotten together": No matter whether you are favored or insulted, you don't care. Often refers to a thorough and transcendent attitude.
"春和景明": describes the warm spring breeze and bright sunshine.
Edit this paragraph to explain the words
One word has multiple meanings
To: 1) Come: Belong to me and write it down
2) Because: Don’t be happy with things, don’t be sad with yourself
Husband: 1) Nayu looked at her husband’s victory in Baling
2) At the end of the sentence, she lamented her husband
Viewing: 1) Look at the grand view of Baling, the master of Guanfu
2) This scene is the grand view of Yueyang Tower
Pole: 1) It leads to Wu Gorge in the north and Xiaoxiang in the south.
2) How can this happiness be exhausted
3) It means someone who feels deeply and deeply sad
Or: 1) Maybe it’s two different things
2) Sometimes or long smoke disappears
Empty: .1) The turbid waves in the sky empty out
2) The long smoke dissipates and disappears
< p>Tong: 1) Shunli Zhengtong and Renhe2) Beitong Wu Gorge
He: 1) He Le Zhengtong and Renhe
2) Hexu Chun and Jingming
Living: 1) Living at the height of a temple
2) Living facing a mountain
3) Not staying for a long time
One: 1) One piece: a vast expanse of green
2) Whole: a long smoke in the sky
3) Whole: a lake in Dongting
open: 1) clear : Not open for months
2) Open: Open my Dongge door
3) Open settings: Open a small window on the side
Then: 1) Then: But when will you enjoy it?
2) This is: This is the grand view of Yueyang Tower
3) It is: Living high in a temple will worry about its people
It is: 1) Behavior, activity: or a combination of the two
2) Action: The whole stone is the bottom
Attribution: 1) Through "instruction", entrustment:. Belongs to my composition. Note
2) Connection: The genus is desolate
3) Category: There are fertile fields, beautiful ponds, mulberry and bamboo species
Scenery: 1) Scenery, scenery: The scenery of the four seasons is different.
2) Sunlight, sunshine: as bright as spring and bright scenery.
3) Scene; Situation: What is the plan for the evening scene?
Fishing: 1) People who fish, fishermen: fishermen’s songs to each other
2) Fishing : Fishing by the stream
Lin: 1) Facing: Bringing wine to the wind.
2). Come: come to: fishing by the stream
3) Arrive, arrive at: Jieshi in the east
4) Close to, located at: Wing However, coming to the spring
Progress: 1) Being an official in the imperial court: progress is also a worry, retreat is also a worry
2) Dedication: advance with all your loyal advice
Wei: 1) If not, if not: Weisi people, who can I return to?
2) Tiny, slight: Famous and few in number.
3) Secret, secretly: I heard that there is a rat.
4) Slightly, slightly: the soil paste is slightly moist.
Tools: 1) Du; Quan: The government is connected and people are harmonious, and all wastes are replaced by tools.
2) Detailedly: Ask questions and answer them.
3) Possibility: each has its own mood
Winning: 1) Very beautiful; wonderful: I watched the husband Baling Sheng look like a lake in Dongting.
2) To surpass; to exceed: When the sun rises, the flowers on the river are as red as fire, and when spring comes, the river is as green as blue.
3) Competent and able to withstand: the white-headed scratches are shorter, and the lust is overwhelming.
4) To be able to endure it: A donkey cannot bear its anger.
Hui: 1) Rendezvous, party: Migrant poets often gather here.
2) It happens, just right: it will rain heavily.
3) Inevitability, certainty: there will be times when there will be long winds and waves.
Using parts of speech
1. A hundred wastes make new things (the verb is used as a noun, a wasted career)
2. Worry first about the world's worries (the noun is used as a noun) Adverbial, before...)
3. Hou Tianxia is happy and happy (noun as adverbial, after...)
4. Teng Zijing was relegated to Baling County (verb as Adjective, relegated)
5. Worry about slander and fear of ridicule (noun as verb, others say bad things)
6. Carve poems by Tang Xian and modern people on it (adjective as noun, Wise person)
7. Jinlin swims (Jinlin is used to refer to schools of fish)
8. Or the smoke disappears (the adjective is used as a verb to dissipate)
9. It leads to Wu Gorge in the north and Xiaoxiang in the South Pole (the noun is used as an adverbial, to the north; to the south)
10. Or it is a combination of the two (the verb is used as a noun, here it refers to psychological activities)
Different meanings in ancient and modern times
1. Various weather conditions (ancient meaning: state of affairs; modern meaning: weather changes)
2. Weisi people (ancient meaning: if there is no ; modern meaning: tiny)
3. This is the grand view of Yueyang Tower (ancient: scene; today: look)
4. Boundless (ancient: vast and far; modern: with "Vertical" relative to each other)
5. Evacuate the turbid waves (ancient: rush into the sky; today: remove them all)
6. Watch the husband's victory in Baling (ancient: Demonstrative pronoun, indicating distant reference, equivalent to "that"; today: husband, wife)
7. Predecessors have prepared the description (ancient: detailed, today: prepared)
8 .Increase its old system (ancient: scale, today: system)
9. Composition (ancient: write articles, today: composition)
10. To Ruochun and Jingming Ancient: Sunlight; Today ：Scenery, sceneries
11. There is going to the country and nostalgia for hometown. In ancient times: capital; today: country
12. There is going to country and nostalgia for hometown in ancient times: to leave; today: to go
13. I have tried to seek the ancient benevolent heart. Ancient: once; today: taste
14. Yue Ming, ancient: and, to; today: beyond
15. Favor and disgrace together, forget the past: glory; today: favor
16. Sand gulls flying in the past: birds resting on the trees; today: collective, concentrated 17. Advance and worry about the past: serve as an official in the court; Today: Forward
18 Retreating also worries about the past: no longer serving as an official in the court; Today: Retreating
Tongjiazi
1. It belongs to me to compose to record it (Tongjiazi) "Exhort", entrust,)
2. All kinds of wastes have their own merits (together with "all", all, all)
Edit the ancient Chinese syntax of this paragraph
1. Inverted sentence
Example: People from Weisi, who can I return to? (The interrogative pronoun "who" is used as the object, and the object is placed in front. The word order should be "With whom shall I return?")
2. Judgmental sentences
Example: This is the grand view of Yueyang Tower . ("Ye" indicates the tone of judgment.)
3. Omitted sentences
Example: Belong to (zhǔ) and give (yú) to write down. (The subject "Teng Zijing" is omitted.)
Edit this paragraph to appreciate poetry
The water in Dongting is under the sky, and the sky is under the sky in Yueyang. The 800-mile Dongting Lake is connected to the Xiang, Zi, Yuan and Li rivers in the south, and is divided into the Songzi, Taiping and other tributaries of the Yangtze River in the north. It has vast misty waves and reflected lakes and mountains. It has been a fascinating scenic spot since ancient times. Yueyang was called Baling in ancient times. The confluence of Dongting Lake and the Yangtze River, pillowed by mountains and lakes, is the hub of Ba, Shu, Jing and Xiang. In the sixth year of Qingli in the Northern Song Dynasty (1046), Fan Zhongyan, a famous minister of the Northern Song Dynasty, responded to the invitation of his friends and wrote a record of the rebuilt Yueyang Tower, and the famous text "The Story of Yueyang Tower" was born.
The article gets right to the point at the beginning, describing the origin and origin of the matter. The writing begins with "spring of the fourth year of Qingli" to indicate the time, and the style is solemn and upright; calling Teng Zijing "relegated to Shou" already implies the sadness of the ups and downs of his official career, setting up a lyrical ambush for the following text. In the following, only eight words are used to describe Teng Zijing's political achievements, including the reconstruction of Yueyang Tower and the writing of notes, which serve as the guide for the entire text.
In the second paragraph, the style is uplifting and the words are passionate. First of all, he said, "The beauty of Baling is located in a lake in Dongting" and set the scope of the description below. The following few words "carrying distant mountains and swallowing the Yangtze River" describe the grand view of Dongting Lake. One "title" and one "swallow", what a momentum! "The vast water is boundless," which expresses the majestic waves of the water; "The sunrise and evening clouds, the weather is myriad", which summarizes the changes of clouds and sunshine, concise and vivid. The first four sentences describe the spectacular scene of Dongting Lake from the perspective of space and the last two sentences from the perspective of time. The sentence "Predecessors have prepared their accounts" connects the past and the future, and responds to the previous sentence "Poems of Tang Xian and modern people". This sentence is not only modest, but also implies a turning point. The change of "ran" leads to a new artistic conception, from simply describing the scenery to using the brushwork of blending scenes to describe the "emotion of viewing things" of the "immigrant scholar", thus constructing a The main body of the full text.
The two paragraphs 3 to 4 are two parallel paragraphs, running in parallel, one sad and one happy, one dark and one bright, like two surging and jumping streams of emotions, conveying the mutual interaction between scene and emotion. Two completely opposite life situations.
The third paragraph starts with "Ruofu", which is meaningful. This is a word that triggers discussion, and it also expresses the sentiment of virtuality. This virtuality is the condensation, refinement and sublimation of countless realities, which is quite typical. "Ruofu" below describes a sad situation, from the bad weather to the sadness of people's hearts. Four-character short sentences are used here, layer by layer, and gradually elaborated.
The falling rain, gloomy wind, and turbid waves constitute the main scenery, which not only obscures the sun and stars, hides the shape of the mountains, but also hinders business travelers; or when the dusk falls and "the tiger roars and the ape cries", how can we not make the passers-by... Do "immigrated poets" have the emotion of "nostalgia for their country", the fear of "worry about slander and ridicule", and the feeling of "extreme sadness"?
The fourth paragraph starts with "Zhi Ruo" and opens a sunny scene. Although "Zhi Ruo" is also an enumeration tone, its syllables have become high-pitched and loud, and its style has become bright and powerful. Although the following description is still a short four-character sentence, the tone has changed, depicting a beautiful scene of a gentle spring breeze, bright scenery, and clear water and sky. There are even gulls flying freely, fish swimming happily, and even the ignorant aquatic plants and orchids are full of vitality. The author uses extremely concise pen and ink to describe a picture of lake light and spring scenery, which is as if you are reading it right in front of your eyes. It is worth noting that the sentence structure and rhythm of this paragraph are generally similar to the previous paragraph, but there are also variations. The sentence "And or" further expands the artistic conception, enhances the meaning of superimposed chants, and pushes the "joyful" atmosphere to a climax, and the state of mind of "climbing the tower" has also become the detachment and harmony of "loving, humiliating, and forgetting together." "Bring wine to the wind" with ease.
The fifth paragraph is the focus of the whole article. It starts with "域夫" and has both lyrical and argumentative meanings. After the author listed the two situations of sadness and joy, his writing style suddenly became exciting, expressing a higher ideal state beyond the two, that is, "Don't be happy with things, don't be sad with yourself"! Feel the things. Although it is human nature to move and feel sad and happy because of things, it is not the highest state of being a human being. The benevolent people in ancient times had a firm will that was not shaken by changes in external conditions. Whether "living high in the temple" or "far away from the rivers and lakes", the concern for the country and the people remains unchanged. "As we advance, we also worry, as we retreat." This seems counterintuitive and somewhat unbelievable. The author also formulated a question and answer on this, relying on the ancient sage's words, and made an oath to "worry before the world's worries, and rejoice after the world's happiness". The song ends with a graceful performance, which highlights the main theme of the whole article. "Hey! Who can I return to, Weisi people?" The conclusion is "like resentment, like admiration, like crying, like complaining." It is sad and generous, and deeply affectionate, which makes people sigh. The writing time is indicated at the end of the article, which corresponds to the beginning of the article.
The author of "Gu Wen Guan Zhi" generally commented on this article and said: "The grand view of Yueyang Tower has been written about by predecessors. The gentleman will not go into details, only describing the feelings of sadness and joy of those who climb the tower. He just translated "The following article contains a serious discussion of sorrow and joy." This comment indeed expresses the spiritual essence of this article.
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Central idea
This account describes the origin of the matter, by describing the scenery of Yueyang Tower and the people who moved there to visit the building. The different emotions generated by the scene express his life attitude of "not being happy with things, not being sad with oneself" and his political ambition of "worrying about the world first, and rejoicing after the world is happy".
Theme
"The water in Dongting is under the sky, and the sky is under the sky in Yueyang." When mentioning Yueyang Tower, people will naturally think of Fan Zhongyan, a famous minister through the ages, and the famous text "Yueyang Tower". Among them are sentences that show Fan Zhongyan's broad mind, "Don't be happy with things, don't be sad with yourself", and also praise his political ambition and life attitude of "worrying about the world's worries first, and rejoicing after the world's happiness". It can be said that people have given too much eyes and attention to Fan Zhongyan, but few people will think of Teng Zijing who has contributed a lot. It is both self-encouragement and mutual encouragement with friends.