A tree on the cliff is still leaning. Mochow's boat was once tied. Idle old traces are gray and foggy. Late at night, I climbed over the female wall and looked at Huaishui sadly.
There are wine flags and drums everywhere. Vaguely, the young lady near Xie Wang. Swallows don't know the world. When you are ordinary, it is relatively like saying ups and downs in the sunset. The first part of the poem is about the geographical situation of Jinling. It was originally called "beautiful land" with praise. "Southern Dynasties Events" points out that Nanjing has been famous since ancient times. The first two sentences are summary. "Southern Dynasties" refers to the four dynasties of Song, Qi, Liang and Chen, from Liang Wudi in 420 AD to Chen Wu in 580 AD, with Jiankang (Jinling) as its capital. Taking Who remembers as an example, it is emphasized that "the great event of the Southern Dynasties" has passed away with the running water, and people have long forgotten it.
"The old country around the mountain surrounds the Qingjiang River and is opposite." However, the shape of mountains and rivers in Jinling remains the same. These two sentences are mainly set off by mountains and water, describing the unique geographical situation of Jinling-surrounded by mountains, towering peaks and facing each other across the river; It is both an image and a beautiful view of Jinling to describe the mountain with the "bun" on the beauty's head and the river with the "clear word". Today, the capital of the old dynasty is "lonely and lonely, and the wind is far beyond the sky." Jinling, which was once "extravagant", is now an "isolated city". The beating of the tide reflects the silence and indifference of the environment, and the sails in the sky give people a feeling of emptiness and loneliness. Through the description of the scenery, the poet tried to exaggerate the neglect of these forgotten historical sites, which corresponded to the above "Who remembers" and expressed deep nostalgia.
In his ci, he described the places of interest in Jinling. At the beginning, it shows the scenery, "the cliff tree is still leaning", and it shows a "quiet" space, emphasizing the unchanging scenery, making the real scene in front of us and bringing historical colors. Let's add "Mochow's boat was once tied". Here is Mochow music from ancient Yuefu: "Where is Mochow? Living in the west of Shicheng, the boat paddled two oars to urge Mochow to come and point out the historical sites. Next, I continued to write about the scenery, "Idle old traces are gloomy, and the fog sinks half a base." "Dark and gloomy" means that the fog is very thick and looks very light and blue, burying half of the city's camps. At the end, the time is "late at night" and the place is "Shangxin Pavilion", which is midnight. The poet is still standing on Shangxin Pavilion, enjoying the scenery of Mochou Lake and Qinhuai River, and can't help but sigh that the scenery is still different. These two sentences have played a connecting role, that is, the scenery described above is seen from here, and it also leads to the nostalgia of the next paragraph.
Write a paragraph and write out the scene in front of you. "The city is full of wine and flags", which is the scenery the poet saw in front of him: restaurants and theaters are all lively scenery, and he can't help asking "What is the city". Where is this bustling market? In the first two films, the scenery remains the same, but the personnel have changed. Even the scenery has changed here. Of course, restaurants and theaters are not purely natural scenery, but include people. This situation aroused the poet's guess. "I want to be vague, Xie Wang neighborhood." In other words, the location of these restaurants and theaters seems to be Wuyi Lane, where Wang and Xie live next to each other. That is to say, Wuyi Lane, where nobles live, has now changed its owners. At this point, the poet couldn't help feeling the vicissitudes of life, so he sighed at the end that "the swallow doesn't know what world it is in, and it seems to rise and fall in the sunset in an ordinary lane". Swallow knows nothing about personnel changes, but still flies into the hall where he lived a few years ago, and now it has become the home of ordinary people. However, when poets saw pairs of swallows in the afterglow of the sunset, they thought they knew and were talking about the rise and fall! This, of course, is the poet's inner sense of rise and fall that endows the swallow. This landscape in front of us aroused the infinite sense of the rise and fall of the dynasties in the ancient capital of Jinling, thus expressing the significance of reciting history.
This article is a masterpiece of praising the old traces of Jinling and feeling the rise and fall of history. In the last film, I always wrote that Jinling is better than shape, with a broad realm, majestic and lonely. The word "loneliness" reveals the historical changes, people die and things move, so the country is prosperous and the lonely city is desolate. China's films are a blend of local legends, and it is human nature to express closely the landscape of Jinling, while Cliff, Old Trail and Fog Sink set a boundless tone for landscape painting. The next film begins with a sigh of "Where can I find a prosperous market with wine flags and drums?", focusing on the traces of the old days in "Xie Wang Neighborhood", which are hard to find and can only be vaguely identified, and expressing my thoughts on vicissitudes of life. Swallows rise and fall in the sunset, which is very smart and emotional. The whole poem strengthens the cold and sad charm of the scenery description, with an open realm and far-reaching connotation.
Since the Song Dynasty, there have been some famous works about homesickness: Nostalgia of Xiang Jin Mausoleum in Gui Zhi by Wang Anshi, Nostalgia of Niannujiao Chibi by Su Shi, and even Xihe Jialidi by Zhou Bangyan; From Xin Qiji's "Ode to Yule, Quiet Mouth, Gu Beiting's Nostalgia" to Jiang Kui's "Yangzhou Slow", it can be said that each has its own advantages and it is difficult to compete. Some of these works are good at being abrupt, and some win by secret; Between abrupt and dense is this song "Xihe". In terms of time, it is intermittently intertwined, and in terms of space, it is sparse and dense. The first Su Shi's "Niannujiao Chibi Nostalgia" is just a splash-ink painting, and the next one is centered on Zhou Yu, like a fine horse standing on a slope, which is purely outlined by thick lines. Jiang Kui's Yangzhou Slow focuses on the deep description of subjective feelings. Between pen and ink, you can vaguely hear the piercing horn, and feel the chill that accompanied the horn, but it blew in a depressed ancient city after the war. All these show that the author firmly grasps the meaningful scenery and renders it at a dense level. As for Zhou Bangyan's first poem, it seems to be somewhere between splash-ink freehand brushwork and meticulous description. For example, in the first movie, it is mainly sparse. Looking at the whole country, the poet took Jinling, the "old country", as a "land of beauty" and gave a comprehensive bird's eye view, depicting the majestic situation of peaks on the river and surging rivers. The second part is mainly secret. On the basis of the previous part, further outline: from the peaks around the "old country" in front, draw the "cliff tree" behind, and even draw the imaginary "Mochow Boat"; From the "Qingjiang River" in front and the "Huaishui" behind; Then, the "half base" in the fog and the "female wall" under the moon are drawn from the "lonely city" in front. Just like the focal plane. It is no longer a panoramic view, but a middle view and a close view. In the next film, the close-up is highlighted: a picture of swallows whispering into the homes of ordinary people. The dialogue between birds can be described in detail and dense. "Relativity" may be that swallows are opposite to swallows, or that poets are opposite to swallows, which can be completely supplemented by readers' imagination. Although their whispers have no deep meaning, in the poet's ears, they have multiplied their sense of substitution for their "ignorance of the world." "Sparseness" is conducive to "writing big scenes" (Wang Fuzhi's "Jiang Zhai Shi Hua", Volume II), and writing feelings with high intentions; "Denseness" is conducive to making the finishing point, writing "small scenes" and writing out the characteristics of things that are different from the general ones. Excellent nostalgic words can generally achieve the combination of "big" and "small", "sparse" and "dense", which is more prominent in Song Xi. Generally speaking, Zhou Bangyan's poems about nostalgia are superb in artistic skills, which is really unique compared with his large number of farewell and sentimental works. In particular, it contains sadness in the ethereal realm and is an ingenious work in nostalgia.
In addition, Zhou Bangyan's Xihe is different from other works that reflect on the past. It doesn't directly touch on huge historical events, so there is no need to make any comments. Instead, it vividly shows the vicissitudes of the author through a scene with charm, which makes people feel moved by the scene and see the details. Nostalgic works always describe the scenery that marks the vicissitudes of life. Wang Anshi's homesickness has changed from the present "a thousand miles into a river" and "the floats are bleak"-the beautiful scenery of the old country has become a "luxury struggle" in the past Su Shi's nostalgia for the past is based on the "river of no return" in his eyes, and he writes about the "heroes" in the Red Cliff War of the Ancient Three Kingdoms, and then associates his ambition with vain and the years have passed. However, unlike Zhou Bangyan's overall scenery-writing ci, which takes the tortuous scenery-writing as a clue, all the love stories are completely integrated into the scenery-writing ci from beginning to end.
References:
1, edited by Yang Liqun. Selected Poems of Tang and Song Dynasties: university of international business and economics Publishing House, 20 1 10: Page 276 2. Editor sang. Selected readings of famous poems in Tang and Song Dynasties: Shandong People's Publishing House 20 1 1.09: Comment on No.95 Sun Anbang and Sun Bei. Zhou Bangyan's collected works: Shanxi Ancient Books Publishing House, 2007.02: 195.