In the 19th year of Kaiyuan (73 1), 19-year-old Du Fu traveled to Linyi, Shanxi. At the age of twenty, Du Fu roamed wuyue for several years. In the 23rd year of Kaiyuan (735), Du Fu returned to his hometown to participate in the "rural tribute".
In the 24th year of Kaiyuan (736), Du Fu took the Jinshi exam in Luoyang, with the lowest score. Du Fu's father was Sima in Yanzhou at that time, so Du Fu went to visit relatives in Yanzhou and made a second roaming with Su Yuanming in Zhaoqi Plain.
2. Trapped in Chang 'an
In the sixth year of Tianbao (747), Xuanzong called all-round artists from all over the world to Chang 'an to take the exam, and Du Fu also took the exam. Because the Minister of Electric Power Li directed a farce of "leaving no legacy", all the students who took the exam lost the election. Because the imperial examination was not feasible, Du Fu had to turn to the powerful door to realize his political ideal, but it ended in vain.
In the 14th year of Tianbao (755), Du Fu was appointed as a small official like Hexi Wei, but Du Fu didn't want to be appointed as the official position of "if you don't be Hexi Wei, you will bend over if you are miserable", so the court changed him to the right guard and led the government soldier Cao (a junior official who was responsible for guarding the staff of armor and managing the access key). Du Fu stayed in Chang 'an for more than ten years because he was 44 years old. In order to make a living, he accepted this useless job.
3. War and displacement
In November of the 14th year of Tianbao (755), An Shi Rebellion broke out. In June of the following year, Tongguan fell and Xuanzong fled hastily. In July, Prince Hengli was appointed as Su Zong in Lingwu (now lingwu city, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region).
During the An Shi Rebellion, he always paid attention to the development of the current situation. During this period, I wrote two articles: "The Picture of Guo Shizhen's Destroying the Residual Crown in Huazhou", offering suggestions and suggestions for the rebellion in the history of An 'an. When the soldiers and horses of Li, the main force of the rebel army, passed through Huazhou, they wrote a poem "Two Kansai soldiers went to Guanzhong to stand by", expressing strong patriotic enthusiasm.
4. Short-term employment
In April of the second year of Zhide (757), Guo Ziyi's army came to the north of Chang 'an. Du Fu ventured out of Chang 'an from Jinguangmen in the west of the city, crossed the opposing two armies, and joined forces with Su Zong in Fengxiang (now Baoji, Shaanxi). On May 16th, he was canonized as Zuo Shiyi by Su Zong, so he was called "Du Shiyi".
Unexpectedly, Du Fu soon angered Su Zong by saving the house and was exiled to Huazhou (now Huaxian County), where he was responsible for sacrifice, music, schools, elections, medical care and examinations. After arriving in Iowa, Du Fu was very depressed and upset. He often goes to Zhengxian Pavilion on the Xixi River (near the old viewing platform in Xinglin Town today) to relieve his worries.
In September this year, Chang 'an was recovered. In November, Du Fu returned to Chang 'an, where he still stayed to tidy up his bones. Although he was loyal to his duties, he was eventually implicated in the Fang Yi case and was demoted to join the army in June of the first year of Gan Yuan (758).
5. Die on the boat
In the third year of Dali (768), Du Fu was homesick and went out of the gorge by boat, first to Jiangling and then to the police. In late winter, I drifted to Yueyang, Hunan, and anchored under Yueyang Tower. Boarding the long-awaited Yueyang Tower, overlooking from the porch, facing the vast Dongting Lake, I thought of my wandering in my later years and the country was troubled, so I wrote "Climbing Yueyang Tower".
In the fifth year of Dali (770), Zang Jun made an insurrection in Tanzhou, and Du Fu fled to Hengzhou again. He had planned to go to Chenzhou to take refuge in his uncle Cui Kun, but when he went to Leiyang, he had to stop at Tianyi Fang when the river rose. He didn't eat anything for five days. Fortunately, the county magistrate Nie sent someone to deliver wine and meat, and was saved. In the winter of the fifth year of Dali (770), Du Fu died on a boat from Tanzhou to Yueyang. At the age of 59.
Extended data:
The core of Du Fu's thought is the Confucian thought of benevolent government, and he has the great wish of "making the monarch Yao and Shun superior, and then making the customs pure". Although Du Fu was not famous during his lifetime, his fame spread far and wide, which had a far-reaching impact on China literature and Japanese literature. About 65,438+0,500 poems of Du Fu have been preserved, most of which are collected by Du Gongbu.
In the winter of the fifth year of Dali (770), Du Fu died at the age of 59. Du Fu's influence on China's classical poetry is far-reaching, and he is called "the sage of poetry" by later generations, and his poems are called "the history of poetry". Later generations called him Du Shiyi and Du Gongbu, and also called him Du Shaoling and Du Caotang.
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia-Du Fu (a famous realistic poet in Tang Dynasty)