"I plan to beg my way home from the highest building, but the dog refuses to stop me with the property, so I am scolded by this"
Author: Xin Qiji
I plan to beg my way home, The dog didn't stop me because of the land.
He gave me this scolding.
I am in decline, when will I be rich?
Wealth is a crisis.
I forgot to leave for the moment and left my official post without getting any rice.
Mr. Mu, the magistrate of Tao County, is my teacher.
The name of the garden to be renovated is unknown,
it would be better to rename it a pavilion,
where I can drink wine and recite poems drunkenly.
If a millennium of land is exchanged for eight hundred owners, how many keys can one person insert?
Let’s just talk about right and wrong!
Appreciation:
Ci is originally a pure musical and literary artwork, but in the process of development, its practical functions have been continuously expanded, and many works have become both practical and practical. Especially in the Southern Song Dynasty, she has entered almost every aspect of people's social interactions. She can be used to fall in love, make friends, be filial to parents, contact relatives, and even help people live their lives and pay their last respects. There are so many ways to wish someone a wedding, congratulate a child, flatter a wealthy man, and flatter a boss. However, this is the first time we have seen writing lyrics to discipline our son. If we were to compile a book of the best poems of the Song Dynasty, would this poem be considered a record?
This poem was written around the fifth year of Shaoxi reign of Emperor Guangzong (1194), when the poet was fifty-five years old and served as the governor of Fuzhou and the pacification envoy of Fujian (according to Mr. Liang Qichao and Deng Guangming). According to the poem and the preface, it can be seen that the poet planned to resign due to frustration in the officialdom, but the ignorant dog strongly opposed it. (The land and real estate at home have not been purchased yet, and the old man wanted to quit. Once he is old, Oh, what a shame. Are you asking our brothers to drink from the northwest wind?) So the poet wrote this poem to criticize him.
Since Quanzi’s reason for dissuading him is that his official position is not big enough, his salary level is not high enough, and in a word, he is not rich enough, so the poet first seizes on the two words of wealth to write an article. , opened the window to speak frankly, and said: I am old and can’t do anything anymore. When will I wait until I get rich? Next, use a concessionary tone to make progress by retreating: So what if you can survive the day of wealth? Is wealth desirable? Climb high and fall hard, it’s very dangerous!
The three sentences in the above sentence may seem to be spoken casually, but in fact every word has its own origin. It comes from "The Analects of Confucius Shu Er": Confucius (Confucius) said: "It is very true that I have declined." When does Xu Fugui come from "Han Shu". "Yang Yun's Biography" Yang Yun's report to Sun Huizong: "How long will it take for a person to live happily?" Wealth and honor are crises found in "Book of Jin". "The Biography of Zhuge Changmin". At the end of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the chief civil officer came to be the governor of the six counties of Yuzhou and Yangzhou, the governor of Yuzhou, and the governor of Huainan. He won the trust of the powerful faction and Taiwei Liu Yu, and his power was overwhelming for a while. He was greedy and extravagant, gathered many treasures and beauties, and built many mansions. However, his wealth did not bring him much happiness. On the contrary, because he was always worried about being killed, he could not even sleep well. For more than ten nights in January, he had nightmares and jumped up and down, as if he was fighting with someone. . He once sighed and said: The poor and the lowly often think of the rich and the high, and the rich and the high are bound to face crises. Later, he was killed by Liu Yu. The poet's use of his words shows that he was deeply touched by such historical lessons. So, what is the best way to avoid harming the whole body? He can only retreat bravely from the rapids, resign in time and go into seclusion. Therefore, the following article will pick out a positive example to compare with Zhuge Changmin. "Han Shu." "The Biography of King Chu Yuan" records that Liu Jiao, the younger brother of Liu Bang, the founder of the Han Dynasty, was granted the title of King of Chu. He appointed Mu Sheng, Bai Sheng, and Shen Gong as the middle officials, and treated him with great respect and courtesy. Musheng didn't like drinking, so when Liu Jiao held a banquet, he specially prepared sweet rice wine for him (rice juice with low alcohol content). Later Liu Jiao's grandson Liu Wu became king. One day he forgot to prepare a sweet wine for Musheng. Musheng withdrew and said, "It's time for me to go." The absence of wine means that the prince has begun to neglect, and if he does not leave, he will be punished and suffer disaster. After Musheng resigned due to illness, Liu Wu became more and more promiscuous. Bai Sheng and Shen Gong's remonstrances were ineffective, and instead they were punished with hard labor, which truly fulfilled Musheng's prophecy. I have forgotten the sentence and chanted this matter. Because he was talking about Mu Sheng, another sage was brought out, that is, Tao Yuanming, who was the magistrate of Pengze County and refused to give up his waist for five measures of rice. He abandoned his official position and retired to the countryside. To speculate on the poet's intention, the reason for inviting Tao Yuanming to the scene was to cope with the rhythm. This case must be contradictory, so Mr. Mu cannot be left alone, and he must find a groomsman. However, the motivation for magistrate Tao to abandon his official position is different from Mr. Mu's. Being able to bend one's eyebrows and bend one's waist to serve the powerful makes me unhappy. Therefore, his appearance adds a new content to the meaning of the poem, and its function is not only to give Mr. Mu In short, the poet's intention to regard these two masters as his teachers is very obvious: although they are rich and can be sought after, I will do as they please.) "The Analects of Confucius." "Since the imperial court doesn't trust me very much, I'm afraid there will be trouble if I continue. So what's the point of wealth? What's more, the cost of sacrificing one's own personality and dignity to gain wealth is too high. This I couldn't get rich, so I decided to go into seclusion.
I wrote four sentences about my plans after resigning: I would build a garden, build a pavilion, and spend my free time drinking old wine. .
What are you doing when you're drunk? Write poetry. Isn't it wonderful to travel leisurely? Tao Ran is delighted, how transcendent! After drinking leisurely and getting drunk, he recited poems in the form of short flowing sentences, only six words, and two consecutive dynamic pictures, which fully describe the taste of the ideal secluded life. However, we should not ignore the words "forever old" and "good". The first one, Lao Xiangye, is a auxiliary rhyme, which together with the main rhymes such as Shi, Ji, Gui, Shi, Shi, Shi, Fei, etc. form the plain rhyme and staggered leaf pattern of the original tune, with the beauty of swaying voice and emotion. , all four characters have allusions, as seen in "Zhuangzi". "The Great Master": The big block carries me with my form, helps me with life, leaves me with old age, and rests with me in death. Gai said that life is busy and only in old age can one find comfort (yi, Tongyi). There are also good words from Tang Rongyu's poem "Autumn Evening in Chang'an": It's better to be poor at home when a distant guest returns. That is to say, the so-called golden nest and silver nest are not as good as the straw nest at home. The poet wants to name the garden and pavilion after the lost old man, Yihao. Although he does not directly say that he will take care of his life and live in poverty, but the meaning of cherishing mulberry and elm trees and not admiring gold and purple has been spread out, and the charm is more profound and wonderful.
The poet himself is certainly poor, but why is Quanzi uneasy? We must give them a heads-up. So he used some words to teach his son: A thousand years of land are exchanged for eight hundred owners! What's the use of having more land? It’s just enough to make a few of you brothers become prodigal sons! How many mouths does a person have? Can you hold many spoons? I have a few acres of thin farmland at home. Isn’t that enough for you to make a simple living? Stop making irresponsible remarks! If the above paragraph is still a little bookish and not homely enough, then the last paragraph is really a quarrel. It is a live recording of me scolding my son. It is wonderful and wonderful! It is worth mentioning that although the thousand-year-old sentence is slang, there are still records in the Song Dynasty that can be used for reference. A millennium of land was exchanged for eight hundred owners. See the words of Zen Master Rumin of Lingshuyuan in Shaozhou during the Five Dynasties in Volume 11 of "Jingde Chuandeng Lu" written by Shi Daoyuan in the Northern Song Dynasty. The monk asked: What is the family tradition of a monk? The master said: The eight hundred masters of the Millennium Field. The monk asked: How is he the Eight Hundred Lord of the Millennium Field? The master said: There should be no one to repair the house in Lang Dang. These words can be traced back to Wang Fanzhi's poems even earlier: Old age builds a new house, ghosts come and clap their hands and laugh. The body can be used to sit for a while, but others will sell it after death. Thousands of years change hundreds of masters, and each one changes in cycles. There are people sitting in front of and behind you, so why is the owner present? How many spoons are inserted into each person's mouth? Four of the ten poems in "Bing Wu Xin Zheng Shu Huai" in Volume 26 of Fan Chengda's "Collected Poems of Shihu laymen" (the nature of idle people in poor alleys): If you don't have two spoons in your mouth, you will have enough grain. Note: Wu proverb says: One mouthful cannot hold two spoons. It is especially rare to use common sayings to implicitly incorporate rhymes, and the dialogues are stable. The level of the poet is really unpredictable!
This poem is full of historical speculation and philosophy of life; it is full of wisdom in the study and the breath of life; it is both solemn and humorous, elegant and slang; solemn but not sick. It is pedantic, harmonious but not slippery; elegance is popular elegance, and slang is standard slang; it shows the broad mind, high knowledge, refreshing character and deep knowledge of the words, and shows that the poet has the ability to control all kinds of words. Extraordinary abilities in different types of language arts.
Xin Ci is particularly good at using allusions and adapting predecessors into sentences. This article is an outstanding example. The Analects of Confucius is used for my weak sentences, and it is Sutra: Hanshu is used for rich sentences, and Jinshu is used for rich and noble sentences. It is Shishi: Yi Lao uses Zhuangzi, and it is also good to use Tang poetry. It's a set. In one poem, all four parts are used. In terms of era, it was used from the Spring and Autumn Period, Warring States Period, Han Dynasty, Jin Dynasty, Tang Dynasty, Five Dynasties to Song Dynasty. As far as literary style is concerned, it has been used from poems and articles to monks' quotations and folk songs and proverbs. As far as usage is concerned, it can be used into a sentence, or the meaning of the text can be refined, or the words can be added or subtracted, or the words can be changed. In this way, the poet has truly reached the level of proficiency and perfection!
In the Song Dynasty, feudal emperors used relatively generous economic benefits to win over military generals and scholar-bureaucrats in exchange for their loyal services. Therefore, the trend of bureaucratic landlords buying farms, building houses, and keeping prostitutes was very popular. For a while. At that time, the prosperous pornographic industry in the developed urban commercial economy greatly stimulated the consumption desire of the dandy children and aroused their appetite. Red candles are blowing, thousands of strings are used to buy laughter, and unscrupulous descendants who have squandered all their ancestral property in gold-selling pots are everywhere. A gentleman's fortune is often cut off in the second or third life, not the fifth. Volume 9 "Personnel Affairs" of Shen Kuo's "Mengxi Bidan" in the Northern Song Dynasty records a thought-provoking story: General Guo Jin's new mansion was completed and he held a grand banquet. . Someone asked: How can young men associate with craftsmen? Guo Jin pointed to the craftsmen and said: These are the ones building houses. Then he pointed at his disciples and said: These are the people selling houses, so of course they should sit at a disadvantage. Shortly after Jin's death, the mansion fell into the hands of others. Guo Jin is a scholar who sees problems thoroughly and does things without understanding. However, since he has foresight, why did he build a mansion? Now that it has been built, why can't the disciples be strictly disciplined to make it a success? In contrast, the poet can be careless about building property, and can even curse when his dog is grumbling. He can really be regarded as a brilliant family education expert. This was really valuable in the feudal era. Even for people today, I am afraid it still has certain educational significance? The Highest Building·Late Spring
Xue Angfu The Highest Building Late Spring
The flowers are tight and the twenty-four sorrows are there. It's the fifth watch of the storm. If moss invades the steps, it is advisable to wear socks and moisten your clothes with plum blossoms to try the incense camp. The green window is idle, people are dreaming and sleeping, and the sound of birds is quiet. Press the Yin Zheng and learn to play the Acacia tune. Write about the secret love and hate to kill the few close friends. Wherever you go, talk about romance. A trace of willow and a thousand traces of hatred, three parts of spring beauty and two parts of rest. In the falling flowers, in the flowing water, the two are leisurely.
Appreciation
Xue Angfu (12671359) was a Sanqu master in the Yuan Dynasty. Hui people.
His original name was Xue Chaowu, with the first character as his surname. His ancestors moved inland and lived on Huaimeng Road (the seat of governance is now Qinyang, Henan). Both his ancestors and father were granted the title of Duke of Qin. The Chinese surname is Ma, and also has the courtesy name Jiugao, so it is also called Ma Angfu and Ma Jiugao. According to Zhao Mengfu's "Preface to the Collected Poems of Xue Angfu" ("Song Xuezhai Collected Works"), he once served as a disciple to Liu Chenweng (1234~1297). It can be inferred that he was born between the beginning and the first year of the Yuan Dynasty. He has served as an official of the Jiangxi Provincial Order and History, a minister of the Dianrui Academy, the general manager of Taiping Road, and the general manager of Quzhou Road. Xue Angfu was good at seal script and was famous for his poems, but his collection of poems has been lost. The poems are included in collections such as "The Collection of Huangyuan Fengya" and "Selected Poems of the Yuan Dynasty". Xin Qiji Congratulations to the Bridegroom·Fu Pipa
"Congratulations to the Bridegroom Fu Pipa"
"Nice Clothes Song" is over,
A few romances.
The most miserable guest on the Yangtze River,
is waiting to go out.
Remember the yellow clouds and snow after leaving the fortress.
I am about to leave my sorrow for thirty thousand miles,
Looking at Zhaoyang Palace, I am gone,
Xian Jieyu,
It is hard to express my regret.
The messenger from Liaoyang has lost his voice.
The window is cold and closed slowly,
The eyelashes are filled with tears.
The pushing hand returned the hand affectionately,
A touch of sadness from "Liangzhou".
Things that have passed through the ages have vanished into thin air.
There is no news about Mr. He's appointment.
I want to rest in the bustling north of Chenxiang Pavilion.
When I play this,
I cry.
Appreciation:
This is a famous lyric about things. The story of Pipa is used to express the rise and fall of the country and personal frustration. The first film uses three allusions to discuss and express emotions. Since the heyday of Kaiyuan, "The Song of Colorful Feather Clothes" has gone through many generations. Yang Guifei's pipa played away the prosperity of the prosperous Tang Dynasty, and the country's fortunes have declined since then. The most distressing thing is when Ju Yi saw off guests on the Xunyang River on the first night. In order to listen to the wonderful music of pipa, the tall painting boat waiting to set off was anchored by the river. Bai Juyi listened to pipa and felt the sadness of being demoted. Wang Zhaojun was far away from the fortress, the sky was covered with yellow clouds, and ice and snow piled up in front of her horse. She was playing the pipa on the horse to complain about her separation. She was thirty thousand miles away from home and country. Looking in the direction of Zhaoyang Palace, the stray geese disappeared. Pipa Xian is kind and considerate, but Zhaojun's hatred is hard to describe. Wang Zhaojun holding the pipa and going out was a humiliation for the imperial court (history is a different story). It is hard to say in conclusion. Where do we really start talking about family affairs, state affairs, things before and after us? In the second film, the missing woman plays the pipa to express her longing for Zheng Ren in Liaoyang and to express her nostalgia for the Northern Kingdom. The Liaoyang post messenger from the north who conveyed news has been cut off, and the cold air penetrated through the carved windows. She played the pipa slowly and gently, her eyelashes filled with tears. The fall of Liaoyang aroused the sorrow of the missing woman. She played "Liangzhou" not only because of its exciting tone, but also because it was in the north, so the sound was mournful. Finally, it ends by recalling the story of He Lao, a pipa master in the Tang Dynasty, and Xuanzong and his concubine playing in the Chenxiang Pavilion, so as to lament the decline of the Song Dynasty. Xin Qiji Yulou Chun·A play on Yunshan
"Jade House Spring play on Yunshan"
Author: Xin Qiji
Who pushed the mountain in the middle of the night? There are floating clouds all around, so I guess it’s you.
I often see two or three peaks facing each other, but I can’t find any place while walking all over the stream.
The west wind glanced at the clouds and suddenly saw a pillar in the southeast sky.
The old monk clapped his hands, smiled and praised each other, and was happy that the green mountain still lives there.
Appreciation:
In the second year of Qingyuan of Emperor Ningzong of the Song Dynasty (1196), Xin Qiji moved to Qianshan (now Jiangxi Province) because his residence with a lake in Shangrao was destroyed by fire. ) Qisidu Villa in the Northeast. There is a clear spring there, which is shaped like a ladle, so the poet named it ladle spring. This poem was written while the author was living in Laoquan residence. The content is just like the title, it is a poem about Yunshan.
Although this poem is titled "Playing with Fu Yunshan", it focuses on describing the ever-changing changes of a natural phenomenon. However, the words seem to contain the poet's belief that although he insists on resisting the Jin Dynasty, The force of the Northern Expedition has been rejected and attacked by the capitulationists many times. However, just like the heavy snow that cannot crush the green pines, this anti-golden force will not only not die out, but will gradually become stronger and become the mainstay of the country.
The first two sentences are the bullet points. The first sentence asks a question and the second sentence answers it. This is more thought-provoking than simply saying that the green mountains are covered by floating clouds. Moreover, due to the use of personification, the relationship between things and myself is greatly intensified, making us seem to see the poet's mood of staring and mumbling to himself. The allusion to start a sentence is "Zhuangzi." "The Grand Master" says: A man hides a boat in a ravine and a mountain in a marsh, which is said to be solid. However, in the middle of the night, a strong person carries it and walks away. The ignorant do not know. This passage of Zhuangzi's is to express his nihilistic view that everything that exists must be destroyed. Later, Huang Tingjian's poem "Ciyun Dongpo Hu Zhongjiuhua" used its literal meaning, saying: Someone went to the mountain in the middle of the night, and suddenly felt the floating mist and warm green sky. Comparing the author's words with Huang's poems, Huang's word-holding path comes from the word "negative" in Zhuangzi's language, and seems a little rigid and simple; while the poet's word-pushing seems ethereal and clever. , more in line with the scene of green mountains shrouded in floating clouds. It can be seen that the skill of using allusions does not lie in whether you can imitate the literal words, but in whether you can understand the situation and change it according to the circumstances.
And the floating clouds all around guess that it is your sentence, why use guessing instead of knowing? The word "gaizhi" means too much to judge, which does not match the interrogative tone of the sentence, and makes the sentence look dull. The word "guess" not only matches the interrogative tone of the sentence, but also makes the whole rhyme lively. , the voice is affectionate. The first rhyme of "Xiepai" closely follows the previous rhyme. By describing his actions of searching for two or three peaks that are often relatively close to each other and the result of walking all over the stream to no avail, it further proves that the green mountains are shrouded in floating clouds, and implicitly reveals the poet's regretful mood. Why is the poet so persistently looking for the green mountains that always face each other? Because Qingshan was his close friend during his leisurely stay in Laoquan, and it was also a true reflection of his upright personality. Newly renovated eaves are completed one after another, and the green hills are just across the small window. ("Occasional Works of Shalaoquan in Huanxi") The green mountains are majestic and charming, as if they were born for my return. ("Qinyuan Spring Comes Again") I see how charming the green mountains are, and I know how charming the green mountains should be when I see them. Emotion and appearance are slightly similar. ("The Garden Pavilion in the Poppy City") You see, how deep the poet's feelings for Qingshan are! No wonder he searched diligently for it.
The first part of the poem describes the worry of the green mountains being covered by floating clouds, while the second part describes the joy of seeing the green mountains again. In the next two sentences, the scene changes suddenly: the west wind picks up, the clouds drift away, and suddenly I see the green mountains that I usually love, standing like giant pillars in the southeastern sky. It talks about the writer's joy of seeing the green mountains again, but he does not describe it directly. Instead, he expresses the author's emotional changes in an instant through the glimpse in the first sentence and the sudden sight in the next sentence. If the first rhyme of the second part focuses on the sudden change of the natural landscape when the floating clouds disperse and the green mountains are visible, then shouldn’t the first rhyme of the last part directly express the joy of seeing the green mountains again? The author did not do this. Instead, he stopped writing and described the joyful behavior and mood of an old monk when he saw the green mountains still standing in the southeastern sky. The joy of the old monk was used to reflect the joy of the poet. This way of writing not only adds a layer of twists and turns, but also enriches the context of the words, showing that there are people who love the green mountains and care about whether they are still the same. The old monk is one of them.
Although this poem is titled "Playing on Yunshan", the poet did not give a very detailed description and description of the object he was chanting. Instead, he captured the changes in the objective scenery in nature and used it to describe the scene. The light and clear writing style expresses one's inner feelings, and the meaning is profound, not just a plain sigh. The style of this little poem is bright and clear, fresh and lively, reflecting the positive and optimistic side of the poet during his time off from work.