Classical poetry contains profound cultural background and emotional resources. The clever use of ancient poetry can activate language expression, highlight the inside story of the article, and make the article exude a strong bookish and cultural atmosphere. This is undoubtedly an effective and convenient way to "shine" and "innovate" the college entrance examination composition.
Then, how to use ancient poetry to add luster to your college entrance examination composition? First, the wonderful quotation of famous ancient poems is the most common way in college entrance examination composition, which is divided into partial quotation and full quotation. (1) partial quotation.
It is to quote the famous sentences of classical poetry in the local position of the article, such as title, inscription, first paragraph, end of the article and so on. These places are located in prominent positions, which are easy to attract readers' attention and leave a good impression on readers.
Quoting ancient poems and famous sentences in the title of an article can make the title look elegant and literary, and play a dazzling and inspiring role. For example, in 2003, Fujian examinee's Moonlight at Home in how bright! Citing Du Fu's famous sentences as the topic not only closely follows the composition topic of "emotional closeness and cognition of things", but also expresses more charm; In 2004, the Fujian examinee A Storm in Ren Pingsheng quoted Su Shi's Ding Fengbo as the title, which not only closely related to the selected historical figures, but also showed the theme of the article, and wrote Su Shi's open-mindedness and detachment, which can be described as "killing two birds with one stone".
Embedding poems at the beginning of the article can make the language concise and incisive, let commentators immediately "peek" at the author's cultural accumulation and humanistic accomplishment, and leave a good first impression. For example, in 2004, Shaanxi examinee "Looking for a Happy and Beautiful Life" began: "Walking on the path with fallen leaves in autumn, I couldn't help singing:' There are endless leaves rustling and endless sadness rolling in.
Lament the sadness and misfortune of fallen leaves. In fact, the life of falling leaves may be like this, just asking for spring and colorful autumn colors.
In another way of thinking, Gong Zizhen once said,' Falling in love is not heartless, but turning into spring mud will protect flowers more'! We should rejoice and enjoy the colorful autumn scenery. Starting from the scene, Du Fu's "Fallen leaves fall like a waterfall, but I think the long river always rolls forward" naturally leads to the association of fallen leaves, and then quotes Gong Zizhen's famous sentence to properly interpret the connotation of the philosophical topic "Happiness and our way of thinking".
This treatment makes the article appear profound and poetic from the beginning, thus avoiding the boring "straight to the point" reasoning. Quoting classical poems at the end of the article has the effect of making the finishing point, enlightening people, subliming the theme, and receiving endless expression effects, which makes readers hide their thoughts and have endless aftertaste.
For example, in 2004, Fujian candidates' "Looking at the sea and relying on the sky" ended: "You can't see how the water of the Yellow River went out of heaven and entered the ocean, never to return, how lovely it was locked in a bright mirror in a high room, although it was silky black and turned into snow at night." Time flies like water, time flies like electricity. Perhaps, only history can fill the inscription on the tombstone without words, and perhaps, only history can best interpret Zeng Guofan's words that he wrote down his life's mood when he wanted to add himself to the capital of heaven: leaning on the sky shines countless flowers on the sea, and flowing water knows himself.
The three quotations are apt and natural, which makes the article colorful, well-founded and profound, and gives a dialectical and profound evaluation to Zeng Guofan, a historical figure. It is really a beautiful and powerful "leopard tail". (2) Full text citation.
It refers not only to a large number of citations in the whole paragraph, but also to a large number of citations in all paragraphs of the full text. Due to the profound cultural accumulation of classical poetry, a large number of allusions from many places will greatly enhance the cultural taste and aesthetic taste of the article and enrich the inside story of the article.
The whole paragraph is quoted as: "What is loneliness? Once upon a time, there was Li Bai's "Until, holding up my cup, I asked the bright moon to bring me my shadow and make us three". Perhaps, loneliness is the feeling of being inseparable when the moon is bright and the wind is like water. Once upon a time, Li Houzhu lamented that' the bright moon is like a hook, and the solitary phoenix tree locks the deep courtyard in the clear autumn'. Perhaps, loneliness is a deep palace courtyard, and the country is worried about the family and the people. Once upon a time, Chen Ziang lamented: "Before me, where did all those lost times go?" ? Behind me, where are the future generations? I think of heaven and earth, there is no limit, there is no end, I am alone, tears fell down. Perhaps, loneliness is an empty state of mind in which the grass remains the same, the horizon remains the same, and things are transformed! So, I, asking for the moon, the Chang 'e of Guanghan Palace, told me that loneliness is the "clear sky and clear night heart" of "the shadow of the mica screen is deep, and the long river is gradually falling into the morning star". What is loneliness? I can't answer that. "
-The first paragraph of the excellent composition "The Meaning of Loneliness" in 2000 college entrance examination quoted five famous sentences, which, as the carrier of emotion and justice in the article, endowed "loneliness" with profound cultural connotation, which not only added bright colors to the article, but also enhanced the persuasiveness and appeal of the argument, making the article rich in connotation, full of elegant poetry and rich humanistic atmosphere. However, but toward which corner of the mountain, an excellent composition cited in the whole article of Sichuan College Entrance Examination in 2003, can be regarded as a model essay.
Based on Su Shi's famous sentences, this paper implicitly deduces the title of the composition "Love and familiarity, cognition of things". Then quote Cui Hu's poem "Last year today, at this gate, peach blossoms set each other off. Peach blossoms still smile at the spring breeze when people don't know where to go, which naturally leads to an understanding of the relationship between emotion and cognition and establishes the theme of the article; Then, along the first paragraph, I quoted Li Qingzhao's Dream, Du Fu's Autumn Wind Breaking the Cottage, and Su Shi's Niannujiao? Du Mu's "Nostalgia for Red Cliff" further expounds the theme from several angles, which is vivid and rational. Finally, the full text concludes with Su Shi's "I don't know the true face of Lushan Mountain".
Throughout the whole text, the proper quotation and embedding of classical poems make philosophical thinking and emotional expression profound and profound, and make the article have a high cultural taste. Second, cleverly set up the structure of ancient poetry. Ancient people wrote poems and essays, and they were very disciplined. Every poem has its own complete writing structure and writing context. In addition, ancient poems are concise and harmonious in sound and rhyme. Using ancient poems and essays to lay the writing structure of the article can not only make the article coherent and rigorous, but also give people an elegant and beautiful feeling and impress readers in the shortest time.
At this point, the 2004 Hunan College Entrance Examination was excellent.
2. Examples of ancient prose that can be cited as a composition 1. Love the country and the people 1. Since ancient times, life has never died, and whoever has left a heart to shine.
Song? Wen Tianxiang <>2, an isolated village, does not feel sorry for himself, but still wants to defend the country. Song? Lu you
Song? Lu you
Qing? Qiu Jin <>7, looking at Chang 'an in the northwest, pitiful countless mountains. Song? Xin Qiji 8. My heart is a magnet. Doesn't mean the south won't rest.
Song? Wen Tianxiang <>9, but make the Dragon City fly, not teach Huma to spend the Yinshan Mountain. Don? Wang Changling & gt 10, if he lives at the height of the temple, he will worry about the people, and if he is far away, he will worry about the king.
Song? Fan Zhongyan <> 165438+ Tang? Du Fu 12, everyone is responsible for the rise and fall of the world.
Gu Yanwu II. An ambitious article 1. The old man crouches, aiming at thousands of miles; The martyrs were full of courage in their later years. Three kingdoms? Wei? Cao Cao <>2. One day, I will ride the wind and waves, sail straight and cross the deep sea.
Don? Li Bai>3, the wind is strong, send me to Qingyun. Qing? Cao Xueqin <>4. I suggest that God stand up again and lay down his talents in an eclectic way.
Qing? Gong Zizhen <>5, Mo Dao Sang Yu is late, because the sky is still full of clouds. Don? Liu Yuxi <>6. If you have ambition, you will live for a hundred years. If you don't have ambition, you will live for a hundred years.
Qing? Shi Yukun <>7. The incense array passes through Chang 'an, and the city is full of golden armor. Don? Huang Chao <>8, drunk lying on the battlefield, you don't laugh, since ancient times for a few people.
Don? Wang Han <>9. Once you climb to the top of the mountain, you will see that all the other mountains look short under the sky ... Don? Du Fu <> III. Moral conduct 1. Honest people are frank and self-possessed, while villains are always close.
& lt& gt2, it is upright, but not ordered; His body is not straight, although he disobeys. & lt& gt3, from frugality to luxury, from luxury to frugality.
Song? Sima Guang <>4, not indifferent, not clear, not quiet, not far away. Three kingdoms? Zhuge Liang <>.
3. How are the most famous classical Chinese sentences skillfully written in the composition? First of all, how many poems are there in your stomach? The on-the-spot reaction in the examination room should not be faked unless the examination questions are known in advance.
On a hot summer day, doors and windows are wide open and a cool breeze blows gently. Some people say: what a strong wind; Some people say: It's really sentimental, and the tide is rising in Wan Li. You will know who will be better when you go to the examination room.
Of course, this problem can be solved in the third year of high school. All the ancient Chinese in the class should be memorized, and vice versa.
Then, on the basis of class, read some extended masterpieces. For example, there is a poem by Xin Qiji in class. You need to find 10 Xin Qiji's masterpiece, read it repeatedly (don't recite it at this time), and find out your favorite 3-5 poems.
Maybe everyone says that the other songs you didn't choose are the best, but what you choose is the one that you feel and understand best, and it's also the easiest to use when you write. These are your poems. Individuality, innovation and understanding are very important, and teachers will find everything new and treat them differently. There are only a few ancient poetry writers in the college entrance examination class. After all of them are selected, there will probably be 50. At this time, you copy a song every day, stick it where you will see it when you look up, memorize, understand and think.
Cycle two or three times, you can expand the scope and screen another batch. In this way, if you are in class three, you will have 100 ancient poems in your stomach. At this time, I tell you, it's time to quote them at will. Don't feel far-fetched and stretched.
Of course, the above is based on the fact that you spent two-thirds of your three years in high school doing nothing. My favorite way is to read a lot, write down what I see and like, and add my own opinions to write a thick book.
In this case, I can not only quote poems, but also quote some sentences, chapters and opinions of celebrity articles. The ingenious integration of modern poetry between the lines is also a necessary skill in the examination room.
Second, talk about the way of quoting. The landlord asked this question, which must have been said by the teacher. You can get extra points if you quote more.
This is true, but many people use it disgusting. In fact, it is a poem: moisten things silently.
Those who put quotation marks in the article are the worst. The second difference is that the whole paragraph is exactly the same as the sentence.
Both methods despise the IQ of the marking teacher. Don't you know the poetry teacher? Do they want you to recite? No, even if you show off how much you know and how little you know, don't irritate the teacher with the same sentence. In fact, it is really low-level to open some college entrance examination composition selections casually.
The word ingenious seems simple, but it is actually mysterious. A person's article is a model of clever use of poetry: Yu Guangzhong.
Let's take an example: autumn in mainland China, whether it's phoenix rain or lotus leaf rain, always sounds a little bleak, sad and sad. Today, when you reminisce on the island, you will be caged with a layer of sadness, a lot less pride and chivalry, and you may not be able to withstand repeated storms. How many lines did this sentence use? Li Qingzhao's search in this sentence is cold, clear, sad and sad. If you open the word Li Qingzhao, compare it. Is there shelter from rain, phoenix tree, dripping water and melancholy? Not to mention what is heroic and chivalrous, what is stormy.
Read more of his articles, and one day you can suddenly learn from him, which is also an unexpected gain. Yes, as I said just now, it's called chemical utilization.
Utilization is the introduction of smart speech. But what kind of teacher can't help giving you high marks at first sight? Next, I admire the quoted image most.
There is something that appears repeatedly in China's ancient poems: rain, apes' cries, blood and tears, Jiangnan, solitary glory, climbing stairs, running water and chrysanthemums.
These all have fixed meanings and related backgrounds.
In composition, I recommend that you can pile up a large number of similar images to achieve the effect of turning emotions into * * *. This is difficult, you can try, but once you are weak, you will be extremely stupid.
To sum up, ingenious quotation methods are arranged from high to low: stacking similar images, using verses, quoting whole sentences and quoting double quotes. Be careful, don't stop typing just because I say it's stupid to quote in double quotation marks. If you really use double quotation marks alone, it means that your writing skills (punctuation application) are very good. Standardize Chinese first, and then think about how to write it better.
One more sentence: the mixed use of these four methods is the best, and the patchwork is the real beauty. Finally, let's talk about a situation that goes too far.
A few years ago, the model essay in the college entrance examination got a lot of high marks, that is, the whole composition piled up a lot of poems. In fact, it is very thin and gorgeous, and the real point of view probably has no logic. I don't want the composition to become like this after the landlord finishes writing this article. This is a tragedy.
Quoting poetry is just a rhetorical device, and it is a kind of high score, but the best articles are articles with high scores, thoughtful articles, clear logical lines and profound discussions. Some people say that what you say is not important, but what you say is the most important. This sentence is right or wrong.
How to say it is the most important thing, but what the teacher wants to see is the king of the exam, right? Think about everything you usually see, argue with your classmates and teachers more, and observe the classmates who are really good at writing. They are the people who want to read and write most. Well, good luck! Let's go
4. Summarize "Dog legs visit friends" in one sentence. The original text of this ancient prose is from Shi Shuo Xin Yu De. Jubo Xun sees his friend's illness from a distance, which is worthy of a thief attacking the county. The friend said, "I died today, and my son can go." The giant said, "if you look at each other from a distance, my son will let me go, and I will lose the meaning of survival." Did Jubo Xun do it? " When the thief arrived, he said, "The army has arrived, and a county is empty. How dare you stop alone? " Ju Bo said, "My friend is ill, so I can't bear to entrust him. I am willing to take my life for my friend." The thief said, "Those of us who have no sense of justice have joined the righteous country." So he withdrew and took the counties. These Confucian classics are mainly written for rulers. To quote a sentence from Xun Kuang, it can be summarized as follows: To call a country a ritual is harmful without any benefit. Do an injustice, kill an innocence, win the world, and the benevolent will not do it; However, support the country of the heart, but if it is solid; Those who do what they do, those who do what they do, must be righteous; The weight of virtue is comparable to the solidity of mountains and rivers, so righteousness is king.
5. paragraphs (poems) or articles seeking inspiration can quote China's ancient poems, which can be written in semi-classical and semi-vernacular: parents took drugs, began begging at the age of 8, mother died of AIDS at the age of 65,438+05, father went to a shelter, finished four years of high school courses at the age of 65,438+07, and won the first-class scholarship of new york Times at the age of 65,438+0996 and entered Harvard. The life experience of a real and hard-working girl, a life course of self-improvement and high-spirited struggle, and an inspirational American film. Classic lines: "The world is turning, you are just a speck of dust, and the earth is still turning without you. Reality will not change according to your will, because the will of others will be stronger than yours. The cruelty of life can make people feel at a loss. So some people are immersed in confusion and hesitation all day, unwilling to open their eyes to see the situation clearly. I don't want to think about what small factors have accumulated to cause this situation. " I want to change my life. I want to try my best to fight and not let myself fall into the bottom of society. I don't want to be calm and confused all day, I want to make sure of my life now. If, if I work harder? Others can do it, why can't I? Life is optional! I want to go to school, I don't want to be * * *! People will die and flowers will wither. What seems to be valuable is actually meaningless, leaving some images and vague images for your memories.