In the 20th year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty (1894), when his father Qiu Jin was appointed as the general manager of Xiangxiang County, Hunan Province, Qiu Jin was betrothed to Wang Tingjun (Zi Zifang, whose father was the shopkeeper of Yiyuan Pawnshop) in Ye He Township, Xiangtan County. In the 22nd year of Guangxu (1896), Qiu married Wang. Wang Tingjun opened a "Yiyuan Pawnshop" in Xiangtan, while Qiu Jin lived in Xiangtan most of the time and often went back to her husband's house. Yuan De was born in 1897 (Yuan De, Shen Yuan, Zhong Ying, Ai Tan, Yi Chongmin, June 27th +0897- 1955). 190 1 year-old female Guifen (word can zhi,190/kloc-0 10/October 7-1967), whose father was in Guiyang, Hunan on June 26th.
1903, Qiu Jin and Wu Zhiying became sworn brothers. Qiu Jin men's wear went to the theater in Mid-Autumn Festival, which was a sensation. 1904, Qiu Jin sold her jewelry to raise money, went to Japan in May, and successively entered a Japanese workshop and Qingshan Practical Girls' School. During his stay in Japan, Qiu Jin took an active part in the revolutionary activities of students studying in Japan, initiated a * * * love meeting with Chen Xiefen, organized a 10 meeting with Liu Daoyi, and joined Feng Ziyou and Liang Muguang, the underworld established by Sun Yat-sen in Yokohama, and was named as a "blank fan" (that is, a military adviser).
1905, Qiu Jin returned to his hometown and joined the Guangfu association in June after being introduced by Xu Xilin. In July 15, I went to Japan again. In August, Feng Ziyou introduced him to join the China League, which was founded by Sun Yat-sen and others for only half a month. 1906: In February, he returned to China to protest against the rule of prohibiting students from studying in Japan promulgated by the Japanese Ministry of Education last year12. In September, he organized Ruijin Society in Shanghai (other organizers were Yin Ruizhi, Chen Boping and Yao).
1907 China Women's Daily 10 was first published in Shanghai (only two issues were published, the first issue was 1906 on the first day of the twelfth lunar month, and the second issue was 1907 on January 20th). In March, she returned to Shaoxing and founded Ming Dow Girls' School with Xu Xilin. Soon after, he presided over the physical education department of Datong School (1905 founded by Xu Xilin, and later served as the general organ of Shaoxing Guangfu Association) and served as the school supervisor. About last spring, in July, we began to raise funds to prepare for the Jinhua Uprising, which echoed Xu Xilin's uprising in Anqing. /kloc-From July to July 4, 2000, the Guangfu Army uprising occurred in Wuyi, Jinhua and Yongkang, but all failed. On July 6th, Xu Xilin assassinated Anming, the governor of Anhui Province, and was arrested and killed. The Anqing Uprising failed. Xu Xilin's brother Xu Wei's confession implicated Qiu Jin, but Qiu Jin refused to leave Shaoxing, thinking that "the revolution can only succeed if it bleeds".
The news was learned by Zhejiang Governor Zhang Zengyang (Zhang Zhidong's uncle) and went on the rampage. He was dismayed to learn that Xu Xilin and Shaoxing Datong School supervised Qiu Jin's company. Immediately sent an urgent telegram to Shaoxing Prefecture magistrate, and sent Li Zhongyue, magistrate of Shanyin County, to seal up Datong School.
On July 14, Li Zhongyue led the pacesetter to Datong School for investigation. Li Zhongyue was afraid that the army would shoot indiscriminately, so he grabbed the sedan chair in front, and the sergeant had to shoot into the air. The troops arrived, the school gate was closed, and guns fired back at the school. Li shouted in the sedan chair, "This county is here, there is no need to hurry, there is no need to shoot." The sergeant broke through the school gate and the teachers and students scattered. The county magistrate, afraid of hurting Qiu Jin, ordered the soldiers not to shoot women. At this point, Qiu Jin was standing on the roof wearing an official robe. He listened to the call of the magistrate and took off his official robe. When the Chinese scholar saw that it was a woman, he stopped shooting and survived. Because of the summer vacation, the raid only caught Qiu Jin and eight students. In addition, one person drowned under the Shuichengqiao River, one person fell to death outside the school wall and found dozens of guns and bullets.
Qiu Jin was arrested in Datong School at 4: 00 p.m. and detained in Wolong Mountain (that is, Fushan) prison (there is a rain pavilion in Wolong Mountain today). Guifu, Li Zhongyue and Huiji County Magistrate Li Ruinian jointly tried the case. The next day, Gui Fu ordered Li Zhongyue to send someone to Qiu Jin's family outside Shaoxing. Li Zhongyue deliberately made a hasty move and pretended not to find anything. Li Zhongyue ordered Qiu Jin and other nine people to carry the official's son's drawing room. Qiu Jin's confession only wrote a poem "Autumn wind and autumn rain make people sad". Subsequently, Li Zhongyue went to Shaoxing to report the trial to Gui Fu. Your blessing is unhappy. Guifu went to Hangzhou that night and falsely reported to Zhang Zengyang that Qiu Jin had confessed the crime of rebellion.
15 was tied up in Shaoxing Gu Xuan Pavilion at 3: 00 am, tied behind his back and sentenced to beheading. He is thirty-one years old.
At that time, it was considered that the execution of Qiu Jin's generation of women and children was too harsh, and even the conservative people who did not sympathize with the revolution at that time could not agree with the government's behavior. Qiu Jin's body was wrapped by Wang Anyou, a washerwoman of Datong School, and was buried at the foot of Wolong Mountain by Tongshantang. After that, its coffin was moved several times. After the autumn case, officials asked for dozens of people, but they didn't pursue them because of public opinion (only two people were given money). The murder of the autumn case also led to the official suppression of girls' schools.
Two weeks after Qiu Jin was killed, Zhang Zengyang called Guifu: "The newspaper contains the words' autumn rain worries people'. Is it true?/You don't say. Send the nuclear immediately. " Gui Fu replied on the same day: "These seven words are in Ling's hands and have been promoted to the province." So it really happened. Your government suspects that Li Zhongyue is eccentric and intends to excuse him. After receiving the reply from the Governor of Zhejiang Province that "Qiu Jin should be punished first", Li immediately summoned and ordered the execution. Li Yue: "If there is no confession and no evidence, how can An kill people?"
1908, Hu Daonan suspected of betraying Qiu Jin was assassinated by the Guangfu Association, but Cai Yuanpei claimed that Hu Daonan's assassination was a wrongful death.
19 12 years, after negotiation between Hunan and Zhejiang provinces, Qiu Jin's body was moved back to the original cemetery next to Xiqiao Bridge in West Lake, Hangzhou, Zhejiang. On 65438+February 10 of the same year, Sun Yat-sen went to the autumn tomb to pay homage and wrote an elegy: "Edo Yadanchen, who respected the monarch and praised the League; Shed blood on the pavilion, ashamed to recruit a chivalrous female soul. "
19 19 April, the words "summer" and "autumn" in the medicine chapter of Lu Xun's work "Scream" were opposite, and "Yu" and "Jin" were opposite, which was an allusion to Qiu Jin.
1936, Li, the son of Li Zhongyue, a reporter from the Republic of China Daily, went to Hangzhou to meet Qiu Jin's brother Qiu. Qiu told Li: "My sister is at home, living alone in a small building, and all the correspondence with the martyrs is hidden in it. On the fourth day of June (lunar calendar), the whole family fled at the same time, so they hid everything. Before the raid, your father, Mr. Li Zhongyue, asked about the small building where Ms. Qiu lived and deliberately refused to let the inspection, otherwise many people would be involved. " This fully proves Li Zhongyue's painstaking efforts to save people from difficulties.
During the Cultural Revolution, Qiu Jin was regarded as a ghost. 1late October, 1965 65438+ Workers from the Northwest Management Office of Hangzhou Garden Administration destroyed the reinforced concrete tomb in Qiu Jin by blasting, then cut open the coffin, took out Qiu Jin's body and the relics buried with him, and buried the body hastily in the earth hole at the foot of Qing Ji Ma Po Ridge in Longjing Road. 198 1 year, Qiu Jin's tomb at the other end of Xiling bridge was rebuilt, a full-length portrait of white marble was carved, and Dr. Sun Yat-sen wrote "The Woman Hero" in calligraphy.