Among Jian Zhen's disciples, after Jian Zhen gave lectures, lectured on classics and spread China culture, Stowe made the greatest contribution. Situ is a monk of Kaiyuan Temple in Taizhou. From the first time to the sixth time in the first year of Tianbao, he was the only monk in China who followed him from beginning to end in the 20 years after Jian Zhen's arrival. He knew all about the hardships of Jian Zhen's six expeditions to the East. In addition, he also has a high literary accomplishment, so he wrote the biography of He Da, a monk in the Tang Dynasty, which vividly described his tortuous experience of going east again and again, as well as the customs along the way. After Jian Zhen's death, Stowe wrote a poem "Five Words Hurt the Big Monk, Passing the Light" (five laws): "When you go to Dena Cup, the golden nature has gone to the east. The fragrance of abstinence disappears, and the torch flows again. In the hidden carving of the moon, the beads fled into the Vatican Palace. Shen Fei's life and death table stays in the teaching department. " Here, "Suntech" refers to the highest virtue and the highest virtue, and "Golden Man" refers to the Buddha statue. "Cup crossing" was originally a legend of a monk crossing the water with a wooden cup in the Southern Dynasties, and later it generally referred to taking a boat. Li Bai's poem "To the Duke of Monk Cliff": "When will you join hands and go to Peng Ying for a drink?" First of all, I commend Jian Zhen for crossing the east by boat and promoting Buddhism. Zhuan Xu described the scenes of Jian Zhen's lectures and precepts: lighting incense and lighting a handle. Although the people of Sri Lanka have passed away, the legacy still exists, as if lingering fragrance. "Wind flowing" refers to the manners and sentiments handed down by predecessors. "Ling jiusan" is a holy place of Buddhism; "Brahma Palace" originally refers to Brahma's palace, and later refers to Buddhist temples. Necklace laments Meibao's concealment and mourns the death of a monk. William praised Jian Zhen for being alive, but he was spiritually above death and life. "Dharma" refers to the path for Buddhist practitioners to enter the Tao. Professor Jian Zhen's Buddhism will always be remembered in people's hearts.
Monk Fajin, a disciple of Jian Zhen, also wrote a poem for Jian Zhen called Seven Words Hurt Datong. It looks like a seven-tone poem, but it's a pity that five or six sentences are missing. The poem says, "Confucius' gracious education is round and empty, as far as Yi Deng in the eastern sea. To measure things and grass to nourish the stone, to disperse the Buddhist precepts, to trace back. After the separation, I will return to the net country. Who will be Longkao? "
"Passing lanterns" refers to the teachings of Buddhism. Buddhism, like a bright light, can break the darkness, hence the name. "Good teaching" refers to the cultivation of goodness, and "doing" refers to experience and understanding; "Round space" has no meaning to "partial space", but it is also called "tact", that is, "impartiality and accessibility". The first two sentences praise Master Jian Zhen for his compassion, rich education, crossing the ocean and spreading Buddhism. Three or four sentences describe the scene in which Jian Zhen inherited the lecture of the great monk. "Scattered flow" has the same meaning as "scattered fragrance" and "flowing wind" in Stowe's previous poems. The Buddhism of "stone room with grass" refers to the room where words prove fruit. "Translation" said: "There is a stone chamber between Wuliyan and Wuliyan in the east of Youbo Cave, which is more than 20 feet high and 30 feet wide. Filled with four inches of fine crumbs, the honorable person is close to the words, and the enlightened couple is the best. " The last two sentences praise Jian Zhen for completing his mission and finally achieving positive results. I returned to Buddhism after I ascended the dragon. "Bodhisattva" is a Buddhist term, which refers to "the world of bodhisattvas", also known as "forbearing the earth", and is the floorboard of the 3,000 worlds taught by Sakyamuni.
Gao Helin, later contemporary with Jian Zhen, was an official in the Tang Dynasty. He is a champion general. He tried too long and went to Zhu Guo. Because he was on a mission in Japan, he wanted to visit Jian Zhen, a monk in Du Dong, and even Jian Zhen had already died first. He wrote a five-character poem in memory of him, entitled "I would like to worship monk Jian Zhen instead of him because of my violation of Japan." The whole poem is as follows: "Shang" Buddha lantern biography, monk's name is Jian Zhen. If you have secret contacts with neighboring countries, it's really like transferring money to the people. The first doubt lives in the five turbidity, and the silence is far away from the hubbub. Temple From now on, the pine trees around the tower are all new. Four laws for thousands of years, ten thousand years of spring memories. ""the top is a state, a big country. "Tibetan" is the general name of Buddhist classics. "Truth as" is a Buddhist term, which refers to the eternal entity and reality, that is, the universe itself. Buddhism says that the troubles and pains in the world are vigorous and full of five kinds of turbidity, namely, moving turbidity, seeing turbidity, worrying turbidity, all beings turbidity and life turbidity, which are collectively called "five turbidity". This poem spoke highly of the historical significance of Jian Zhen's eastward crossing to Japan and teaching Buddhism, and praised Jian Zhen's leisurely and immortal death.
After Jian Zhen's death, the Japanese people praised Jian Zhen's glorious life in various forms. Officials, scholars and monks and nuns wrote a lot of poems and songs, eulogizing Jian Zhen's immortal achievements. Here are four masterpieces:
Yuan Kai's "Two Poems on the First Tour of the River"
( 1)
Mo Teng travels to Han Que, and the monk will enter the Wu Palace.
If you were a real monk, you would cross the sea with Zhang.
The Zen forest is clean and dense, and Hui Yuan has a sense of Chinese style.
If you want to weave Jin Xuan Road, you must have skills.
(2)
I am an ignorant guest, and I have lost my mind.
At present, you are tempted by kindness, and you will never be tempted by dust.
Taoist seeds will germinate in summer and fail to blossom in spring.
Since the return of Sambo, who is afraid of the Six Demons?
Yuan Kai, a Japanese monk, wrote "The Journey to the East of the Tang River" in the tenth year of Ren Guang's Treasure Turtle (Dali, Tang Daizong 14). The first of these two poems points out that Mo Teng, a monk in the Han Dynasty, and the monk association are far less than Jian Zhen, a monk in the Tang Dynasty. Jian Zhen's moral character is noble and his achievements are outstanding. He promoted Buddhism and gave directions. The second wrote, I was inspired by Jian Zhen, and I learned a lot from it, so I learned the true meaning of Buddhism.
Press: "Tong Mo" means "Kai Cecilia Yip Model", also known as "Zhu She Tong Mo" or "She Tong Mo". An Indian monk in the Han Dynasty, Emperor Hanming sent Cai Cheng to Tianzhu to seek dharma. When he met him, Yongping went to Luoyang with Zhu Falan in 10 (67) and specially built the White Horse Temple to live there. "The Biography of Emperor Han Ming" said: "Morten and Zhu Falan became monks in the Han Dynasty." "The Biography of a Bhikkhu" says: "A Bhikkhu will be the beginning of his martial arts. "Contained Chapter refers to the beauty contained in Jian Zhen." Zen forest refers to the place where temples and monks and nuns live together. Wang Jie "refers to the strict internal rules and regulations of Buddhism, as dense as a spider's web back to Jue Yuan dialect": the Buddhist language. Wang Wei's "The Great Photograph of Datong and the Table of Pagodas in Li Yue and Xie Yu": "Buddhists, who feel enough, enter the Buddha's wisdom. "'Jue Yuan' originally refers to the pure land where the Buddha lived. By referring to monasteries, it is also a metaphor for the state of mind of practitioners. " "Jin Xuan" means Buddhism benevolence "means Buddhism.
"Ignorance" is a Buddhist word, which means ignorance without wisdom. Wang Wei's comment on Zhao Diancheng in the Monument to the Master of Zen: "The teacher speaks like a utensil, and the wonderful reason is still pure water. All the troubles have destroyed the Tao's mind and lost the mystery, such as breaking the instrument, which can't stop the clean water. Blame its fault, called leakage, that is, want to leak, leak, leak without knowing. Four fruits are endless, and the name is not missing. " "Leakage of Tianjin" means omission. The "three treasures" refer to the buddhas, dharmas and monks in Buddhism. "An An's Half Life and a Xu Jing": "All Buddhists have three treasures." "Biography of Prince Liang Zhaoming in Southern History": "Believe in the Three Treasures and Read the Ten Thousand Classics." "Six demons" refers to the demons in the six paths of reincarnation of all beings.
Ishigaki's successor "Five Characters Hurt Big Harmony"
Germany has turned around, and the remaining lights want to cut off the wind.
Recruit Zen grass and avoid feeling empty in the courtyard.
Life and death are sad and hateful, really like being poor and white!
Only people who practice regularly are everywhere.
Fujiwara Blue Bear's five words hurt the great harmony.
Wan Li is full of colors, light clouds and light winds, and its national fragrance is overflowing.
The Zen is bright and the moon is bright and bright.
Sad for the pure land, sad for the spring field.
Message Teng Lanji, Hongci Wandaiguang.
The authors of these two poems are both courtiers of Japan. Shi Shangzhai Si (729-781) was appointed as Dr. Jin Guanglu and Minister of Speech and Behavior of China and Namibia; Brush the official book, but only the horse is old. "ch?n" means to eradicate weeds; "Billion" is a Buddhist language, which refers to the world and all beings. These two poems not only praised Jian Zhen's outstanding contribution to the establishment of Legalism, the teaching of classics, the construction of Zhao Ti Temple and the promotion of cultural exchanges between China and Japan; Also expressed deep condolences over the death of Jian Zhen; The last two sentences hope that the monks will carry forward the fine traditions and let Hongda's kindness shine forever.
(2) Praise the sages that day.
Modern poetry in memory of Jian Zhen.
1963 is the1200th anniversary of Jian Zhen's death. The Buddhist, literary and art circles and medical circles of China and Japan agreed to hold a commemorative event in Yangzhou, Jian Zhen's hometown. Jian Zhen lives and gives lectures in daming temple, Yangzhou, where there is Jian Zhen Memorial Hall. Jian Zhen's statue is enshrined in the main hall, and Guo Moruo's inscription "Tang Jianzhen Great Monk Monument" is engraved in front of the main hall. Among the inscriptions inscribed by Zhao Puchu, Chairman of the Memorial Committee, there is a four-character poem "Ode to Jian Zhen", the excerpt of which is as follows: "Only my master is the hero of practice. Learn three and five, and take the fork to the east. Zhi Shao Nanyue, willing to pay the long house. Strong hearts and vows, brothers and sisters of leaders. Five elements and five stops, the edge is scattered. Speaking of black wind, the king was embarrassed again. Rui did not return, and the teacher was hurt. Go all out and finally win Papman. Ten years of trekking and ten years of enlightenment. Eun-chen, the roots are deep and the trees are big. Wei Lu Store, Kangkang Nara. The solemn temple statue looks like the Tang Dynasty. Taiwan Province depends on prosperity, and the law depends on prosperity. The branches and leaves are widely distributed and the light is overflowing. Right army calligraphy, Daozi changed. The legend of green capsule, the construction of Jintang. Only the teacher's sake, and so on. Brother Yiyi, we won the honor through robbery. For thousands of years, Tao has been trusted for a long time. There is no obstacle to sharing lips and teeth. The teacher's ambition is like Lan Yixin. Teachers' achievements are updated with the world. East and west, there must be a place. Shook Lei Yin and beat the Dafa drum. Use Zhao Guangde, use policy. On the same day, wind and moon, eternal love. Xerox chased him far away and made an oath. The wisdom lamp is inexhaustible, and the law cloud hangs forever. " This long poem comprehensively describes the process of Master Jian Zhen's spreading Buddhism to the East and praises his outstanding contribution to Chinese and Japanese culture. Among them, "three studies and five understandings": Buddhism calls abstinence, determination and wisdom "three studies", abstinence belongs to law, determination belongs to classics and wisdom belongs to reason. "Five Ming" refers to five basic subjects: internal knowledge, internal strength, skillful work, medical science and propaganda. The understanding from the inside out is philosophy, the understanding from the inside out is logic, the skills from the inside out are technology and astronomy, the prescriptions prescribed by doctors are medicine and health preservation, and the external claims are grammar and exegesis. "Nanyue" refers to the master Huai Rang of the Zhongguan Conservatory in Nanyue, Tang Dynasty. The "longhouse" refers to Prince Nagaya. "Five elements" is a Buddhist language, which refers to the practice of cloth, discipline, humiliation, intensive practice and observance. "Rui" refers to Rong Rui, a Japanese monk studying abroad. "Papman" is Sanskrit, which means evil and murderer. It is the name of the devil when Sakyamuni was born. "Lu Dian" originally refers to Lu Lingguang Dian, and here refers to Tang Zhao Ti Dian. The following four sentences "Right Army" refer to the calligraphy, painting and medicine that Jian Zhen brought to Japan. "Jintang" refers to the main building of Zhao Ti Temple-Daxiong Hall. "Wisdom lamp" means that Buddhism is like a lamp, illuminating everything; "Fayun" means that Buddhism is like a cloud, covering everything.
1March, 963, Guo Moruo wrote "The 1,200th Anniversary of the Death of Monk Jian Zhen" and presented it to daming temple in Yangzhou: "Jian Zhen sailed blindly in the East China Sea, and the sincere photos were too clear. Give your life to preach, and Tang Feng is full of Nara City. "
1980 65438+ 10, Mao Dun wrote a long poem "Welcome Jian Zhen monks to visit relatives" at the age of 17, and wrote an inscription for the "Memorial Book of Master Jian Zhen's Return to China" jointly published by China and North Korea: "A generation of monks and teenagers are curious, and Jian Zhen 14 started his career. Family studies originated from the quartering method, and he worked hard to protect paddy clothes all his life. The temples in Beijing and Beijing are famous for their grandeur and beauty, and their towers are ingenious in structure. The architecture is magical and exquisite, which is beneficial for people to return to school. Guangling has been a prosperous place since ancient times, and the teacher chose this state to build the Dojo. Good men and women for thousands of generations, east, west, north and south. Incense is burned under the top gift lotus, and you see kindness with sadness and joy. Diplomatic envoys to the Tang Dynasty frequently come and go, and the cloud is the hometown of Fusang sunrise. Buddhism crossed the sea from the west, and China has been a bridge since ancient times. Jian Zhen jumped up happily and took his disciples to Shanghai. Smoke and waves are vast, water is high and wind is high, where is the realm of the heart? Sincerely opening the stone touched the gods, and Hai Ruo's former sovereign was overjoyed. At this time, the monk was blind, and Lai Youguang had a long tongue to see it. Nara Luo Jing faces each other across the ocean, and the wind sends Sanskrit drums. Today, Jian Zhen came to visit relatives, and Yangzhou took on a new look. Welcome modern envoys to Tang, and friendship will bloom in April and spring. "
1980, Su Zhongxiang, a professor in the history department of East China Normal University and the executive director of the Chinese Buddhist Association, wrote seventeen laws: "I heard that the statue of a monk will return to China for a tour, giving it strength": "Whale waves bathe in the sun and fly far away, and toads are bright. Six criminals are afraid of crossing the road and the sea, and they all rely on their great wishes to prove the day. The cultural relics of the prosperous Tang Dynasty are carried with you, and the story of stealing from the east soil. Success will increase friendship, and the merits of teachers are boundless. " This poem vividly describes Jian Zhen's courage and indomitable spirit of spreading Buddhism to the East, working day and night to break through the stormy waves.
1April, 980, Zhao Puchu wrote "Partridge Days Welcome Master Jian Zhen to Return to China", expressing his sincere hope: "Regardless of life, go to the wild waves and finally bring the bright moon to shine on the world. Qian Qiu's portrait is Defan Village, and Wan Li's fragrant flowers are a victorious cause. Great events in ancient times, to the heart, ebb and flow back and forth. There are countless new leaves in my hometown, waiting to be wiped with tears. "
In the preface of this word, the author notes: "The world is divided into three parts, and Yangzhou is divided into two parts, which shows that Yangzhou's civilization was prosperous at that time. This is a symbol of the friendship between Tang Wenhua and the Chinese and Japanese people. " It reads as follows: At the banquet to welcome Master Jian Zhen back to China for his exhibition tour, the author was very excited and full of thoughts. He remembered the famous sentence of the ancient Japanese poet Matsuo Bashō: "May the new leaves dry your tears." Jian Zhen's homesick tears can be wiped away today. But seeing the new face of the motherland's mountains and rivers after 1200 years, he will surely shed tears of joy again; Especially when he saw the seeds of friendship that he risked his life in those years, and flowers are everywhere in China and Japan today, he will be even more moved and gratified and shed tears of joy.
At the same time, Zhao Puchu also wrote a poem "Golden Melody, Welcome to Praise the Return of Master Jian Zhen": "Just like a person. Happy and lofty sentiments, return to Wan Li and cross the ocean. This is a once-in-a-lifetime event and a once-in-a-lifetime event. I can't thank you enough for generations. Is still a new look, * * * attracts the brilliance of both sides. Brotherhood is deep twice. Think back. It's hard to give up for the law and never change your mind. " The "national backbone" is not boasted, and Lu Xun really regrets it. Try to look forward to it, what's the point! Firm, serene, kind, brave, I believe that thousands of turns. Yang Yide, worship in the wind. "
At that time, People's Daily published an editorial entitled "Once in a Millennium, Once in a Millennium", warmly welcoming Jian Zhen to visit relatives in China for the first time. At the same time, daming temple, the former residence of Yangzhou, Jian Zhen, was renamed Fajing Temple in Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty. This time, Jian Zhen returned to China and restored Daming's original name. The author also thinks that in an article by Lu Xun, people who gave their lives for Buddhism in China history (such as Xuanzang and Jian Zhen) are called "national backbones". I can't help being passionate and incorporating this passionate and wonderful word.
At the same time, Xia, a famous nominalist and "one-pronoun Sect" in China, also wrote a good poem entitled "A simplified statue of Master Mulan in Chinese to commemorate her return to China": "I successfully reached another land six times in a canoe. May the power be boundless, waving and looking at the sea and sky. The high altar preaches the dharma, and the Zen lamp shines in the darkroom. There are thousands of things, and the flowers of friendship bloom all over the sea. "
"Willingness" in Shangcheng is Buddhist, which refers to the strength of volunteers. "Feng Yi", the name of the water god, refers to Jian Zhen crossing the sea six times. Although blocked by the wind and waves, it finally succeeded. In Shimonoseki's "Gaotai Lecture", it refers to Jian Zhen's religious activities, lectures and precepts immediately after he arrived in Japan. Darkroom of Zen Lights: The venerable elder of Xingyuan Temple in Japan, in view of the chaotic situation of Japanese missionary work at that time, sighed: "In the dark, there is no door to sigh; There is no bright light in the dark room. " He suggested inviting China monks to preach in Japan, and thoroughly rectifying Japanese Buddhism. "Zhang Xi" refers to a monk holding Zhang Xi. The last two sentences say that Master Jian Zhen and his accompanying disciples spread Japanese culture and art in Japan and made great contributions to the establishment of friendship between the Chinese and Japanese peoples.
Reposting is success.