As one of the eight scenic spots in Guanzhong, the Big Wild Goose Pagoda stands tall in Kannonji, the southern suburb of Xi City, about 4 kilometers away from the city center, and is one of the famous pagodas in China. The Big Wild Goose Pagoda used to be called Jean Temple.
Jionji was originally named Wuliu Temple. In the 22nd year of Zhenguan in Tang Dynasty (AD 648), when Emperor Li Zhi was a prince, he ordered a temple to be built in Jinchangfang, Chang 'an, to commemorate the kindness of his late mother and grandson. North of Daming Palace Hanyuan Temple, covering an area of 26,570 square meters, with beautiful surrounding scenery. It is the most magnificent Buddhist temple in Chang 'an, Tang Dou.
Next, please come with me to visit Jionji and Wild Goose Pagoda. Dear visitors, Ji 'en Temple-Shishi-Bell and Drum Tower-Daxiong Hall-Tibetan Classics Building, Ji 'en Temple is a temple built by the royal family, with a prominent position and a grand scale, which is incomparable to other temples.
This temple consists of 13 courtyards, covering an area of 340 mu, which is seven times the area of the present temple. Its architecture is magnificent and ornate.
Jionji covers an area of 32,365,438+04 square meters, about 48.5 mu. Let's take a look at this pair of mighty stone lions in front of the temple.
Strangely, what is introduced into China from other places is always introduced in kind first, and then works of art are created according to the kind. The lion settled in China, but it was an exception. The lion stone carving art was handed down first, and then the real lion appeared.
As we all know, lions were introduced into China from Persia in the Eastern Han Dynasty, while stone lions were introduced into China from India at the same time as Buddhism in the Han Dynasty. Lions have the function of protecting against evil spirits. Buddhism believes that "Buddha is a lion among people", so the lion is often engraved in front of the Buddha's desk, which is called the lion that protects the law.
At the gate of Jionji, there are four stone lions standing symmetrically left and right, and the two near the gate inside are unclear when and where they were carved. In the east is a lion, teasing the hydrangea under his feet.
In the west is a lioness, and there are a pair of cubs at her feet, called lioness and lion cub. It seems that these lions are also arranged in the order of male left and female right according to human habits.
Two lions near the outside, one in the east was carved in the 50th year of Qing Qianlong (AD 1785), and the other in the west was carved in the Republic of China (AD 1930). The height of these two pairs of stone lions exceeds 1.7 meters, and each statue is at least 250 kilograms.
Strangely, these two majestic and solid stone behemoths will make a metallic sound similar to copper instead of steel even if they are patted gently by hand, which is crisp and pleasant. Ladies and gentlemen, can you guess why? Entering the temple are two small buildings, and the east is the bell tower, in which is hung an iron clock cast in Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty, weighing 15 tons.
To the west is the Drum Tower, with a big drum inside. For a long time, "Yanta Morning Bell" has been widely circulated as one of the eight scenic spots in Guanzhong.
But in the past, people thought that "the morning bell of the Big Wild Goose Pagoda" refers to the bell of the Little Wild Goose Pagoda in Xi 'an. This scene actually refers to the Big Wild Goose Pagoda, because the clock of the Big Wild Goose Pagoda weighed 30,000 Jin and was cast in October of the 27th year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1548). In the Ji 'en Temple, the clock of the Little Wild Goose Pagoda moved into the temple 100 years earlier. As we all know, there is a hall of great heroes in general temples, and so is Jionji.
Its hall of great heroes is located on a high platform in the center of the temple. It was built in the second year of Shunshun tomorrow (A.D. 1458) to the second year of Chenghua (A.D. 1466) and overhauled in the thirteenth year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty (A.D. 1887). The three statues above the main hall are those of Ying Shi Muny.
The one in the middle is called dharma statue, the one in the west is called newspaper statue, and the one in the east is called body statue. The ancestor of Buddhism, Ying Shi Muni, was originally the prince of Piluweiguo who was married in ancient India. He was born in 565 BC and died in 486 BC, the same age as Confucius.
On the east side of the Three-body Buddha stands Ye Ying, one of the top ten disciples of Sakyamuni. In the west stands his cousin Ananda, who has been with Sakyamuni for 25 years and is one of the top ten disciples. On both sides are eighteen arhats and Xuanzang statues.
Behind the Great Hall is the Tibetan Scripture Building, where important classics are stored, such as the Tibetan Tripitaka. Downstairs is the lecture hall, where Buddhists give lectures and offer a bronze statue of Amitabha, with a height of 1 mido.
There is a Buddha statue dedicated by Xuanzang himself in the temple, as well as statues of the four kings of Qing Shixiang in the Tang Dynasty. This stone is bluestone produced in lantian jade Mountain, crisp and loud.
The origin of the name of Big Wild Goose Pagoda-Xuanzang and Temple Pagoda-Big Wild Goose Pagoda Architecture and Cultural Relics.
2. What's the emergency? First, the couplet of Xi 'an stele forest.
Qin Zhou Han Tang Wu Wen Holy Land
Bells and drums rang in the sky.
Second, the couplet of Lishan Ming Sheng Palace
Go to the world and fly away.
The immigration situation is really full of emotions.
Three, the Yellow Emperor Mausoleum Xuanyuan Gallery couplets
The ancestors of creation are sacred and universal.
The brilliance of human nature will shine all over Kyushu forever.
Fourth, Cheng Xin's couplets of Huangdi Mausoleum.
The floating purple pavilion of Qian Qiu Baixiang Cloud in the hospital.
Sincere people in the pavilion surrounded Zhu Xuan with joy.
Sincere ancestor of holy land humanity
Heart for children in China.
Five, Big Wild Goose Pagoda couplets
Seconds spread to the east, and clouds were robbed by all beings.
The resort comes from the west, and bamboo poles have opened the realm of Brahma for thousands of years in spring.
There is a brick couplet on each side of the four doorways at the bottom of the Big Wild Goose Pagoda. According to the direction of south, west, north and east, they are as follows:
Bao Zhou Deng Bei an
Miao Dao opens the way.
The west pole attracts French rain.
Blow unkind clouds in the east
3. Shaanxi tour guide xi's wall, bell tower and drum tower Today we are going to visit Xi's wall, bell tower and drum tower.
It's an honor to serve you. The ancient castle we see now is the Ancheng Wall in Ming Xi, which was built on the basis of Chang 'an City in the early Ming Dynasty.
It is one of the most famous city walls in the history of China in the late Middle Ages, and it is the largest and most complete defense facility for ancient military castles in the world. Xi 'an, as a thousand-year-old ancient capital, has built city walls many times in past dynasties.
Most of them were buried by the dust of history. The city walls we see now can be traced back to the Sui Dynasty.
In A.D. 1369, Xu Da, a general of the Ming Dynasty, entered Shaanxi from Shaanxi and changed the original Fengtian Road to xi 'an, meaning "long-term stability in the west". It kicked off the construction of the city wall in An in the Ming Dynasty.
The shape of the city wall that took eight years to build is rectangular. The wall height 15m, top width 12- 14m, bottom width 16- 18m and perimeter13.9km. ..
The bottom layer is loess mixed with lime and glutinous rice juice. When dry, it is extremely strong. Xi 'an ancient city wall includes a series of military facilities such as moat, suspension bridge, sluice building, watchtower, main building, turret, watchtower, breast wall and crib mouth.
Ok, now let's experience this scientific, rigorous and complete military defense system for ourselves. The outermost part of the city wall is a moat, also called "moat", which is the first line of defense of the city wall.
You can stop the enemy's attack and even use the favorable terrain to destroy the enemy. The moat around Xi 'an city wall is 20 meters wide. Crossing the moat is the city gate, and the only passage connecting the moat and the city gate is the suspension bridge.
Soldiers guarding the city at ordinary times obey the command of the morning bell and dusk drum, lower the suspension bridge in the morning and open the city gate; Raise the suspension bridge at night and cut off the traffic. Once the war breaks out, the suspension bridge rises, the city gate closes, and the city gate becomes a solid and closed fighting fortress.
The city gate is the key and weak link of the urban defense system. Usually it is the gateway to and from the city.
During the war, it was also the primary goal of both offensive and defensive sides. Therefore, the Ming dynasty attached great importance to improving the defense facilities of the city gate.
A particularly noteworthy technical breakthrough is the use of arched doors to prevent enemy fire attacks. The gate of Xi in Ming Dynasty was very strong. The door leaf is made of wood with a thickness of 16 cm. A gate is made of 2.8 cubic meters of wood. The door leaf is reinforced with iron bars up and down. At the interval between the two iron bars, 180 iron mushroom needles are nailed.
There are 1800 iron mushroom needles on the whole door leaf. In this way, the wood of the door leaf is compacted, which increases the rigidity of the door leaf and makes it impossible for arrows to enter.
In order to improve the safety factor of the city gate defense, the city gate is actually composed of three parts, namely: the city gate tower, the arrow tower and the main building. The gatehouse is on the outermost side, which is used to hang the suspension bridge.
It's also for fun. When the enemy breaks through the gate of the gatehouse, it seems that they have entered the urn, and they will be attacked from all directions, so this space downstairs is also called the urn.
The arrow tower is in the center, with windows on the front and sides, which is used for archery. The watchtower is connected with the watchtower by a fence, which is also called "urn city" and can be stationed.
The main building is in the innermost part. The tower above the main building is the main building of the city gate, where the duke guards and commands. On the outside of the city wall, there is an enemy platform protruding from the main body of the city wall every 120 meters, commonly known as "horse face".
There are 98 "horse faces" on the whole city wall. The building above the "horse face" is called the watchtower. The distance between the two watchtowers is 120m, and one side is 60m, which is "a stone's throw away". This layout is convenient for shooting enemies who attack the city from the side.
Therefore, the ancients commented: "A city without a platform is like a city without a platform. It is the city keeper and the platform guards the city. " .
There are short pheasants outside the city wall, also known as "battlements", battlements and square holes for archery and lookout. The low wall on the inside is called "protective wall" to prevent soldiers from falling under the wall when walking.
In the four corners of Xi 'an city wall, there is a tower called "turret". In the urn formed by the watchtower and the main building, there is a horse path leading to the city head, which is convenient for horses to get up and down.
This is the throat of the soldiers in wartime, and it must be guaranteed to be unimpeded. Therefore, the guards are extremely strict.
With the passage of time, we can now see the Changle Gate, Anding Gate, Zhuque Gate, Hanguang Gate and Yuxiang Gate of Xi City Wall. The origin of these names also reflects the rise and fall of the ancient city from one side. The wall of Xi in Ming Dynasty shows the intelligence and wisdom of the ancient working people in China. All right, Xi' an city wall is over. We will continue to show you around the Bell and Drum Tower.
The Bell Tower and Drum Tower are unique buildings in ancient China. Bells and drums are the earliest percussion instruments in China, with a history of more than 3,000 years.
Originally used as ritual vessels and musical instruments. It has been used for military command since about the Spring and Autumn Period.
In ancient China, cities were all military castles. In addition to building walls, digging trenches and erecting suspension bridges around the city, the Bell and Drum Tower was built in the center of the city as a command center. At ordinary times, the bell is rung in the morning and the drum is rung in the evening, and the suspension bridge is opened and closed regularly. In case of emergency, it is used to call the police for martial law and command the city defense.
This strict urban defense system reached its peak in the Ming Dynasty. Xi 'an was the military and political center in the northwest of Ming Dynasty, and its bell tower and drum tower ranked first among similar buildings in China in terms of building scale, historical value and artistic value.
The building we see now is the bell tower, which is located at the intersection of four main streets in Xi 'an. Built in the seventeenth year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty, it was originally located in Yingxiangguan, West Street. With the eastward movement of the city center, the bell tower was completely demolished and moved to this site in Wan Li 10, Ming Shenzong. The bell tower is a typical architectural art style of Ming Dynasty, 36 meters high, with double eaves and arches, gorgeous and solemn.
It consists of three parts: base, building main body and roof. The base is square, all made of blue bricks.
The building is a square wooden structure, surrounded by cloisters outside, with two floors inside and a wooden ladder hovering inside. In the square halls on the upper and lower floors of the building, all kinds of precious porcelain and red nanmu furniture since the Ming Dynasty are displayed, and the four doors are covered with relief paintings, which have a vivid magnolia style.
The roof is a four-corner structure, covered with bright green glazed tiles, and the dome at the top is 5 meters high, glittering and brilliant. There is a Ming Dynasty iron bell in the northwest corner of the bell tower, weighing 5 tons, with a gossip pattern cast on its side.
It is much smaller than the bronze bell hanging on the bell tower earlier. Originally, the giant bell hanging on the bell tower was the "Jing Yun Bell" cast during the Jing Yun period in the Tang Dynasty.
Now this clock is collected in the forest of steles in Xi 'an. It is said that after the bell tower was moved from Yingxiangguan to this site, although the style and size of the building have not changed, the Jingyun bell cannot ring.
number
4. The word describing Baicao Scenic Area Huang Yun described the desolate scene of frontier fortress desert.
White bones and wild dew: exposure; Wild: wild. The bones of the deceased were exposed in the wild. Describe the tragic scene caused by war or disaster. Icehouse: The basement for collecting things. There is ice and snow everywhere. Describe an extremely cold scene
Let a hundred flowers blossom: beauty and beauty. Describe the scene of prosperity, blooming and vitality.
Cut the moon and carve the clouds: cut; Sculpture: Sculpture. Cut the bright moon and carve the clouds. Metaphor is the originality of rhetoric and scenery description in poetry and prose.
Seeing the scene in front of you causes sadness. The collapsed wall in broken walls describes a broken scene.
5. What tour guides are there for places of interest in Shaanxi? Dear leaders and guests,
Hello everyone! Welcome to the ancient city of Xi to attend the World Horticultural Exposition. I'm XXX from the second domestic reception group of the reception headquarters, and I'm glad to serve you. I hope that through my introduction and your visit, Xi, a thousand-year-old ancient capital, and the Xi World Expo will leave you with beautiful memories!
Xi 'an, called Chang 'an in ancient times, is an important birthplace of China's history and culture and one of the earliest developed areas of human civilization. Xi 'an has a city history of over 365,438+000 years and a capital history of over 65,438+065,438 years. It is an ancient capital with the earliest capital, the most dynasties and the longest duration in China. It is also a world-famous historical and cultural city and an international tourist city.
Today's Xi attracts the world's attention with its profound historical and cultural heritage, numerous cultural sites, beautiful natural scenery and rich traditional folk customs. Every year, more than 50 million domestic tourists and 6.5438 million overseas tourists come to explore the past and enjoy sightseeing. Many heads of state and * * * have chosen Xi as their first stop in China.
People say that walking into Xi 'an is like walking into the Museum of Chinese History: places of interest are dotted around; Rare cultural relics such as stars. Gold becomes danqing pleasing to the eye; The artistic conception of ancient Huai blue bricks is far-reaching, and a city is simply a flowing history.
There are 3 14 key cultural relics protection units in Xi, including 6 national and provincial key cultural relics protection units 106, more than 4,000 ancient sites and imperial tombs, and more than 20,000 unearthed cultural relics120,000. The dawn of Chinese civilization, represented by Lantian ape-man and banpo village, gathered here.
Zhou Wenhua, represented by Dugao, the capital city, and exquisite bronzes, Daqin culture, represented by Xianyang City, Epang Palace, Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor and Terracotta Warriors and Horses Pit, strong Han culture represented by Chang 'an and Yangling, the flourishing Tang culture represented by Daming Palace, Wild Goose Pagoda, Qujiangchi and Famen Temple, all constitute the core history of Chinese civilization from formation to development and prosperity.
Xi 'an's humanistic temperament of self-confidence, openness, atmosphere and tolerance has brought about the intersection and development of various religions. Of the eight major sects of Buddhism, six have ancestral homes in Xi 'an. As an iconic ancient building in Xi, the Big Wild Goose Pagoda is the place where Xuanzang, a monk in the Tang Dynasty, stored and translated Buddhist scriptures brought back from the western regions. Famen Temple, a cultural scenic spot with the finger bones of Buddha Sakyamuni, is known as the "Buddha Capital on Earth". Xi Anhuajue Temple is the only Chinese-style Islamic temple in the world, and it is known as "the first place in the world". Laozi, the ancestor of Taoism, wrote books and gave lectures here.
The ancient capital of China, the city of mountains and rivers, Xi 'an, which is full of humanistic details, has more charming ecological and natural beauty.
Xi 'an has the majestic, mountainous and resource-rich Qinling Mountains, which is not only the green treasure house of Xi 'an, but also the central park of China and the watershed of the north-south climate. On this beautiful scenic line, there are the steep Xiyue Mountain, which is known as the first of the five mountains, the Mount Li in Lintong, which is famous for its hot spring Tang Chi, the Mount Zhongnan, which is lush all the year round, and the Taibai Mountain, which snows in June. Together, they formed a natural and unique beauty group. In recent years, a large green ecological forest belt has been formed around Xi 'an, and the lakes in Qujiang New District and Chanba Ecological Zone are wide and clear, with a water area of more than 22,000 mu. The beauty of "Eight Rivers Around Chang 'an, Green Full of Imperial Capital" reappears in the world.