Plant a millet in spring and harvest 10 thousand seeds in autumn; ?
There is no waste of heaven and earth, and the toiling peasants are still starving to death. ?
Weeding is at noon, and sweat drips down the soil; ?
Who knows that every grain of Chinese food is hard? ?
These two poems are not only the portrayal of farmers' life in Li Shen's era, but also the sketches of farmers' life under the rule of the exploiting classes for thousands of years, so they have been passed down from generation to generation and become the eternal swan song. ?
Li Shen (772-846), the word Gong Chui. Born into an official family. At the age of six, he lost his father and was brought up by his mother. When I was a child, I studied hard at Huishan Temple. In the 21st year of Zhenyuan (805), he was admitted to Jinshi. He has served as teaching assistant, proofreader, Hanlin bachelor, scholar, Chinese calligrapher, Jiangxi observer, assistant minister of the household department, Duanzhou Sima, Chuzhou secretariat, Prince Edward, assistant minister of Chinese calligraphy, right servant of Shangshu and assistant minister of Zhao Guogong. ?
During his official career, there was a factional struggle between the Li faction headed by Li Deyu and the Niu faction headed by Li and Niu Senru. Shen Li is on Li Deyu's side. With the ups and downs of Li Deyu's official career, he was sometimes reused and sometimes demoted. Until his later years, he reused Li Yan in Li's party and made him the prime minister. He was in charge of physiognomy for 4 years, and resigned due to mobility difficulties after a stroke. After recovering, he became our special envoy in Huainan. ?
Li Shen was an official for 4 1 Spring and Autumn Period. No matter whether he was promoted or demoted, he never lost the feeling of "caring for farmers" when he was young, and always cared about the sufferings of the people. Before he became Shouchun's satrap, he knew that the people in this place were not only oppressed by the government, but also robbed by bandits and thieves, and tigers hurt people in the mountains. After he took office, he severely punished some officials who bullied the people, bandits carved from the roots of robbing houses, and set dozens of traps on the mountains, ordering hunters to catch tigers. It only took three months for the bandits to disappear. A year later, the tiger on the mountain was driven away. The "traitors" in the government dare not run amok. He sent 50 thousand loads of grain to the victims at a low price when he was in the state of Yuezhou. When he was transferred from Yuezhou, he said, "Tens of thousands of Vietnamese, men and women, came to Jiangjin with pots to bid farewell." He sighed and wrote such a poem: "The cape is full of shame, and the river cream towel is ashamed." Before he served as Henan Yin, there were some evil teenagers who often wore tall hats, baggy clothes, paddled with their hands, and ran amok on the official road, making pedestrians and horses afraid to walk. Among them, the children of bureaucrats also beat the people with whips. After Li Shen came to power, he severely punished these evil teenagers and made them "run away". People were deeply impressed by his virtue. When he was transferred, "tens of thousands of young men and women in the city were sent to the White Horse Temple, and the deep valley was the driver." ?
Li Shen is a popular official and a talented poet. His poem "Compassion for Peasants" became an eternal swan song. He is also an advocate of the new Yuefu movement. In Yuan and three to four years (808 and 809), he wrote twenty Yuefu poems with new themes. Unfortunately, this poem has been lost. We can only learn some poetic themes from Yuan Zhen and his poems. From the poetic themes of Yuan Zhen and Bai Juyi, we know that the themes of these poems are to reflect people's sufferings and expose abuses and injustices. Li Shen's "Twenty Poems of New Yuefu" was sung by Yuan Zhen and Bai Juyi, and a group of poets followed suit, forming the last innovation of China's poetry-the New Yuefu Movement. ?
Shen Li wrote many poems in his life, but unfortunately, the Travel Notes of the Past edited by him only saved three volumes. From these three volumes of poems, we can see some of his political attitudes, thoughts and feelings, and understand some of his life, achievements and social contacts. Meanwhile, we can know that he loves his hometown. Among the few poems included in Journey to the West, there are more than ten poems, such as Dong Yi Kuoju, Yi Ti Hui Shan Si Shu Tang, Fang Yi He, Guo Meili, Pan Wuhu, Quewang Wuxi Furong Lake and Bie He Bie Shu. In these poems, he made a profound description of the famous Xiushui Mountain in his hometown and poured out his endless thoughts.