This poem was written by Huang Chao after the failure of the imperial examination in Chang 'an. "The city is full of golden flowers" and "the city is full of chrysanthemums, all over Kyoto; "Bring the capital" means that all chrysanthemums in Chang 'an are full of golden flowers without exception. It means wearing golden armor, standing in the rustling west wind, resisting frost and half cold, proudly blooming, what a heroic image! How handsome! It describes the beauty of chrysanthemum in full bloom.
The specific original text is as follows:
Huang Chao's The Last Happiness;
Until September 8th in Qiu Lai,
When I bloom, a hundred flowers will kill me.
The incense array pervades Chang' an,
The city is full of golden flowers.
In this poem, Huang Chao endowed the fighting style and character of the soldiers of the Chrysanthemum Peasant Rebel Army, and imagined the yellow petals as the armor of the soldiers, making them the latest and most beautiful flowers of the peasant revolutionary soldiers from the flowers of gentlemen. Because of this, the chrysanthemum in the author's works has changed the static beauty of quiet and elegant in the past, showing a kind of dynamic beauty that is rough and bold and full of fighting atmosphere. It is neither an "isolated symbol" nor a bunch of "chrysanthemums", but the whole city of Bloom, which occupies the whole of Qiu Guang, exudes a strong fighting fragrance, so it is described as a "fragrant array". The words "Chong" and "Tou" respectively describe the prosperity and depth of its momentum, and vividly show the prospect of victory for the peasant uprising army to seize Chang 'an and dominate the world.
reference data
Patten and Ding Qiu. Complete works of Tang poetry (1). Shanghai: Ancient Books Publishing House, 1986.