1. Think back to that year, Jin Ge's iron horse-Xin Qiji's "Eternal Joy? Jingkou Beigu Pavilion Nostalgia
Jin Ge Tie Ma refers to elite troops
2. Once hard work comes, there are few stars around. —— Wen Tianxiang's Crossing the Zero Ding Yang
Fighting refers to war
3. There is no fuss, and there is no cumbersome form. —— Liu Yuxi's "My humble room inscription" Difficult one
Country replaces country
6. If you live in a temple, you will worry about its people; If you are far away from the Jianghu, you will worry about your husband. —— Fan Zhongyan's The Story of Yueyang Tower
The temple refers to the anger of the imperial court
7 .——— Tang Sui's mission
Cloth instead of civilians
8. Laughing and twisting the powder incense to the cave dwellers, and hanging the curtain to protect the window screen —— He Zhu's "Huanxisha" A wisp of chardonnay is first sold in the corner of the building
Pink fragrance refers to plum blossoms
9. If you are still drunk tonight, you should bother with the help of red tea-Bai Juyi's Chanting to Wine
Red tea refers to beauty
1. If a rhinoceros like Ji Ma Yan moves, you will bury the red powder and turn it into ash.-Li Shangyin's Ma Wei < Anger at the crown is a beauty. —— Wu Weiye's Yuan Yuan Qu
Beauty refers to beauty
12. I have a handsome man, and I am sincere. —— Cao Xueqin's Dream of Red Mansions
A man with a handsome man refers to a man
13. I became famous all over the world in one day. The peaches and plums in Mancheng belong to the Spring Officials.
—— Liu Yuxi's "Xuan Shang Yuan Ji and Li Bu Wang Shilang released the list, and then the poems continued to be reconciled"
Peach and plums refer to students
14. we open your window over garden and field, to talk mulberry and hemp with our cups in our hands. —— Meng Haoran's "Passing the Old People's Village"
Sang Ma refers to farming
15. The wine and meat in Zhumen are smelly, and the road has frozen bones. -Cao Cao's "Short Songs"
Du Kang replaces wine. 2. Write poems that use metonymy in ancient poetry
Original publisher: immortals show the way
"metonymy" and "metonymy" in ancient poetry means not directly saying the name of someone or something, but borrowing names closely related to it instead. "Metonymy" is also called "renaming", which can attract people's association and make the expression receive outstanding images, distinctive features, concrete and vivid effects. There are several ways of "metonymy" in ancient poetry: 1. Substituting the noumenon with characteristics; 1. The wine in Zhumen stinks, and the road has frozen bones. (Du Fu's "From Beijing to Fengxian to chant 5 words") Use "Zhumen" instead of the house of dignitaries. (2) the gentry, but not easy to its ambition, the four seas, how many people? (Zhang Pu's "The Monument to the Tomb of Five") (How many people are there in such a vast area as the whole country who are officials but can not change their wishes? ) use "gentry" instead of ordinary officials. Because ancient ministers put water in their belts, people called officials were called "gentry". Insert, insert; Gentlemen, belts. Second, part of the whole generation ① The solitary sail is far from the blue sky, only the Yangtze River flows in the sky. (Li Bai's "a farewell to meng haoran on his way to yangzhou") Replaced the whole ship with the "sail", the prominent part of a sailing boat. ② oh, how can I gravely bow and scrape to men of high rank and men of high office. (Li Bai's "tianmu Mountain Ascended in a Dream") Bowing the head with "destroying eyebrows" and abstracting (1) and we raised our cups and wished to drink-but, alas, there was no music with concreteness. (Bai Juyi's Pipa Trip) Wind instruments and stringed instruments are represented by "pipe" and "string", and music is represented here. (2) think that year, Jin Ge iron horse, swallowing Wan Li like a tiger. (Xin Qiji, "Never Meet Music". Jingkou Beigu Pavilion Nostalgia ") (Imagine that year, Emperor Wu of Song led his troops to the Northern Expedition, and the troops were strong in Ma Zhuang, swallowing mountains and rivers like tigers. ) replace the elite troops with "Jin Ge Tie Ma". (3) Lin Xiangru ACTS with your breath for labor, and ranked above me. (Biography of Lian Lin) (Lin Xiangru only made a contribution by his eloquence, but his position was above mine. ) argue with "tongue" as the representative. Substituting proper names for generic names 3. Sentences about metonymy
Metonymy is to replace people or things with things related to them. The things that are replaced are called "ontologies" and the things that are used to replace them are called "borrowing bodies".
For example: (1) If you like thin waist and pink legs, there is a dance floor. Mao Dun's "Words of Modernization" and "thin waist and pink legs" are metonymic figures of speech, referring to dancers.
(2) If the chief doesn't say a word, he drops "wired" and uses "wireless" instead, then we can't stand it. "Wired" and "Wireless" in Xu Huaizhong's "Anecdotes of the West Line" are respectively used as "Soldiers of Wired Class" and "Soldiers of Wireless Class".
there are many methods of metonymy, mainly including the following: 1. substituting part for the whole. That is, the representative parts of things are used to replace the ontological things.
for example, the green hills on both sides of the strait are opposite, and the lonely sails are coming from the sun. (Looking at Tianmen Mountain) Example 2 Replace the ship with a part of the sail.
second, the feature generation ontology. That is to say, the name of the ontological thing is replaced by the characteristics and signs of the borrowing body (person or thing).
For example: ③ Compass turned around angrily, and at the same time, talked slowly and walked out ... ("Hometown") ④ Yamaraja was chopped with a hundred thousand banners. ("meiling three chapters") Example ③ is a representative noumenon, which is called "compass" because Yang Er's sister-in-law is thin-footed and lonely.
example ④ is the symbol instead of the noumenon, and the "standard" is used to replace the army or armed forces. Third, concrete generation abstraction.
for example, the beacon smoke in the south is ten years old. ("meiling three chapters") The "beacon smoke" in example (5) was originally a firework used for warning at the ancient border, and here it refers to war, which concretizes and visualizes the abstract concept of war.
fourth, the tool replaces the ontology. For example: ⑥ By the time of the season of scaring and ploughing, eight out of ten households have lit up their hoards and can't open the pot.
(Yu Qian Fan) In Example 6, "hoarding" is a tool for holding grain, and "lighting the bottom of hoarding" means that there is no food; "pot" is a tool for cooking, and "uncovering the pot" means that there is no food to eat. Fifth, proper names are generally called.
replace the name of the noumenon with the special name of a typical person or thing. For example: ⑦ If you kill one Li Gongpu, millions of Li Gongpu will stand up! (The Last Speech) The second "Li Gongpu" in Example 7 refers to people who are not afraid of bloodshed and sacrifice and fight for democracy and peace. 4. two ancient poetry sentences using metonymy
metonymy 1. definition: in conversation or writing, giving up the usual real name or sentence and finding another name or sentence to replace it is called metonymy.
2. Ways: (1) Replace things with the characteristics or signs of things, such as: pants don't starve to death, and the Confucian crown is often mistaken. (Du Fu gave Wei Zuocheng a poem) Wan Ku is the symbol of wealthy children, while Confucian crown is the symbol of literati and scholars.
(2) replace things with where they are or where they belong. For example, I fell asleep every time I wrote about Taipei, but Li He woke up in the Tang Dynasty. (Postscript of Yu Guangzhong's Carefree Travel) Taipei is where Taipei people live, so as to take this opportunity.
(3) Replace things with the author or place of origin, for example, "Du Kang is the only place to solve the problem. According to legend, Du Kang was good at making wine, so he replaced wine with "Du Kang".
(4) replace things with data or tools, such as: "there is no fuss, no cumbersome work." (Liu Yuxi's humble room inscription) Silk and bamboo are originally the name of musical instruments, which is called music.
(5) Part and the whole generation are like this: "After all, Qian Fan is nothing, and the oblique glow is full of water. "(Wen Tingjun looking at the south of the Yangtze River) The sail is the object of the ship, and it is the whole of the ship.
(6) A. A good doctor who folds his arm three times. (In the thirteenth year of the Spring and Autumn Period), there are more than three generations. B. Those who are in the king's place, young and old, are all in Xue Juzhou, and who is wrong with the king? In the king's place, neither young nor old is Xue Juzhou. Who is good for the king? (Meng Ziteng Wen Gong Xia) Take the concrete and abstract of Xue Juzhou's Dai Shan (7) as a substitute. A. Persevere in perseverance, righteousness is not as good as public.
(Historical Records of Xiang Yu's Biography) stands for armor and sharp refers to weapons. B. There is a saying in the world that small virtues serve great virtues and small virtues serve great virtues.
(Mencius, Li Lou) Small virtues and great virtues refer to people. (8) Causes and consequences are like: china's Emperor, craving beauty that might shake an empire, was on the throne for many years, searching, never finding.
(Bai Juyi's Song of Eternal Sorrow) is to pour out the country and replace the beautiful woman. 5. What are the sentences of metonymy
1. After that, we discussed one metonymy mode in Uyghur and Chinese and one metonymy mode in English and Chinese.
2. The speaker uses metonymy to transmit information and communicate, which coincides with the "labor-saving principle" mentioned by linguists, and its positive role has been concerned by many cognitive linguists. 3. In the first section, metaphor and metonymy are used to analyze metaphor and metonymy respectively to understand their generating mechanism.
4. The metonymic words in novels of Ming Dynasty are preliminarily discussed from the perspectives of word formation and word formation, and the types and characteristics of metonymic words in this period are analyzed. 5. Metonymy is a distinctive vocabulary category in Chinese vocabulary system.
6. Metonymy thinking is a common way of thinking of human beings and plays an important role in the process of word-making. 7. Differentiate metonymy and metonymy through two conditions: correlation and substitution.
8. Metonymy is the second largest figure of speech in English and Chinese. 9. And the rhetorical devices such as metaphor, metonymy, personification and pun will be the main research objects.
1. Using metonymy to create vivid metonymy words is a major feature of Chinese, and it is the focus of Chinese ontology research, but it has not attracted enough attention in the field of teaching Chinese as a foreign language. 11. Their research shows that most pragmatic inference is metonymy in nature, so indirect speech acts can be described by metonymy model.
12. Due to the great differences in cultural backgrounds between English and Chinese, metonymy often becomes a "roadblock" for China readers to correctly understand English news reports. 13. Therefore, section chief Wang can't help calling Wang Zhiming by the name of Ma Jiajue. Its deep meaning is that there is a subtext buried: "You are another Ma Jiajue".
14. (Su Shi's Hou Lun) "Caoye" is a metonymy, so how to translate it can not only keep the accuracy of the meaning, but also show the vividness of the meaning. 15. It's nothing to cross Qian Fan, and it's full of water: "The sail is the object of the ship, and Wen Tingyun uses the" Qian Fan "as a substitute for the passing ships, giving people unlimited room for daydreaming.
In fact, metonymy is widely used in ancient poetry. As we are familiar with, "the wine in Zhumen stinks, and the road has frozen bones." 6. Looking for a poem that uses metonymy
Li Bai's poem "Smelling the flute in Los Angeles on a Spring Night" uses metonymy and pun. The "folding willow" in the poem is caused by the homesickness caused by hearing the flute sound of the "folding willow" song: "Whose Yu Di flies secretly and scatters into the spring breeze in Los Angeles. In this nocturne, I heard the willow, and no one can afford the nostalgia. " The previous book "Notes on Tang Poems in Master Wang Garden" commented on this poem as follows: "The word' folding willow' is the key to the beginning." "Folding willow" originally means "folding willow branches". According to legend, there is a bridge in the east of Chang 'an called Baqiao, where Han people send guests off to fold willows or send farewell words. However, Li Shizhong's "Breaking Willow in this Nocturne" is the provincial name of a "Breaking Willow" song, which is often used to express farewell and nostalgia. This poem describes that when people in spring night were quiet, the poet suddenly heard a melodious flute, which was a "broken willow" song. The author can't help feeling touched by the scene and imagining things. At this time, it is the season of breaking willows. Spring has arrived, but he is wandering outside, which can't help but cause homesickness.
The theme of "The Preface to the Singing of Birds" is mourning. However, the author not only failed to mark it in the title, but also omitted the life experience and experience of the deceased concubine, even some key details, and mainly relied on hints. This is obviously different from the expression of several mourning poems mentioned above. Also remembering or describing the dead, Pan Yue? quot； The son of a son returns to a poor spring, and the heavy soil is separated forever. "Su Shi is" ten years of life and death, and ... thousands of miles of lonely graves, nowhere to be sad. "He Zhu is" is more important than Chang Men. Everything is wrong. Why do you come here and go back? "(Partridge Sky)
Li Yu's" How much sorrow can you have, just like a river flowing eastward "(Yu Meiren); He Zhu's "How much leisure is there? Yichuan tobacco, full of wind, plum yellow rain. " (The Jade Case); Li Qingzhao's "I am afraid that the grasshopper boat in Shuangxi will not move, and there will be many worries." Wulingchun is a famous poem describing melancholy, and all of them use visual thinking forms to make melancholy vivid and sensible, which strongly shocks readers' hearts. Li Yu, the queen of the Southern Tang Dynasty, used a spring water flowing eastward to describe the surging prosperity of his melancholy after the national subjugation, and vividly expressed the bitterness of his life as a prisoner. He Zhu, on the other hand, used the three images of "a stream of tobacco, a city full of wind, and plum yellow rain" to explain the overwhelming and lingering melancholy. Li Qingzhao, on the other hand, expressed the heaviness of melancholy and the unbearable pressure she felt after the destruction of the country and her family with the exquisite brushwork unique to female poets.