Chongqing Beibei and Gray Wandering "Wandering in Chinese Universities - Harbin Institute of Technology Volume" (Serial 11)
Release time: 2008-11-19 15:24:30
Today's Harbin Institute of Technology is "one campus and three districts" and is developing into deep space, deep sea and deep blue. In fact, if we want to add history, there is another distant, short-lived but real campus, and that is Chongqing Beibei Campus. From the banks of the Songhua River to the banks of the Jialing River, from the Ice City to the Fog City, the "eight thousand miles of clouds and moons" may be a romantic journey for a person, but if a university moves, it is like a giant... The machine is disassembled, packed and transported, and then reassembled. What’s even more distressing is that the Harbin Institute of Technology moved only some “parts” to Chongqing, leaving behind a ruin.
In the ten years of the "Cultural Revolution", the university became the experimental field of "revolution", the classroom became a meeting place, the playground became a battlefield, and the majestic main building was also used as a "battle barrier", where passionate young people once blindly Fight. In another disaster, the main building became Harbin Institute of Technology's sustenance and symbol of hometown and reunion, like a lighthouse on the far shore when returning home on a rainy night.
In the 1960s, Sino-Soviet relations deteriorated sharply. In order to meet the needs of national defense readiness, the central government began to relocate national defense academies, scientific research institutions and factories inland, into mountains and caves, this is the so-called "third line" construction. As a national defense institution, Harbin Institute of Technology is located in northern Xinjiang and has profound connections with Russia and the Soviet Union. It is a particularly sensitive point in the Sino-Soviet conflict. On December 30, 1969, the National Defense Science and Technology Commission issued a letter regarding Harbin Institute of Technology and Harbin Institute of Engineering (formerly the Military Engineering Institute of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, customarily called "Harbin Military Industry". In April 1966, it was renamed Harbin Engineering Institute, now Harbin Engineering University) issued instructions on the relocation of Harbin Institute of Technology, requiring the division of Harbin Institute of Technology into three. The fifth department (Rocket Department) moved to Changsha with Harbin Institute of Engineering to form Changsha Institute of Technology (restructured into National University of Defense Science and Technology in 1978), and other cutting-edge departments related to national defense Majors and supporting majors and internship factories were moved to Chongqing, while the civil majors remained in Harbin.
The spring and summer of 1970 were probably the busiest and most absurd days in the history of Harbin Institute of Technology. Each laboratory has installed electric saws to make packaging wooden boxes, and those moving south are busy packing equipment, furniture and clothing. What followed was a large-scale relocation that lasted for several months. The rumbling special trains of war preparation materials passed through the Qinling and Shu roads one after another, and Chongqing was hit by the hot and humid weather. In early 1971, the new higher-level administrative department, the Second Ministry of Machinery, issued a document to merge the moved southward departments of Harbin Institute of Technology and the Second Department of Harbin Military Industry to form Chongqing University of Technology. The new school site was selected in early 1970, and it is located in the Southwest Normal College of Beibei.
The site of Southwest Normal University was once the site of Sichuan East Administrative Office in the early days of liberation, and there was also a Sichuan Foreign Languages ??Institute inside. In order to support Harbin Institute of Technology's preparations for relocation, the two universities unconditionally gave up their teaching office buildings and dormitories. Among them, Southwest Normal University moved to Liangping and occupied the building of a middle school. It is said that the middle school had to occupy the building of an elementary school. There is no real winner in this series of magpie nest dove occupation, and it is difficult to preserve the original campus site of Harbin Institute of Technology. Harbin Institute of Technology has been placed under the jurisdiction of Heilongjiang Province and merged with Heilongjiang Institute of Technology and Harbin Institute of Electrical Engineering to form the new Harbin Institute of Technology. Moreover, buildings and residential buildings from off-campus units gradually invaded, leaving a lot of trouble for Harbin Institute of Technology to clean up and rectify the campus environment many years later.
The campus of Southwest Normal University has elegant buildings and beautiful scenery, but Harbin Institute of Technology has not left many beautiful memories. At this time, the red storm and the smoke of fighting were suffocating, and Harbin Institute of Technology's southward move had a fatal mismatch, that is, it brought major equipment but left behind the main teachers. The school cannot enroll students at all and carry out normal teaching and scientific research activities. Valuable equipment lay rusting in wooden boxes, and the classrooms were empty.
The situation in the north and the south are similar, and the teachers in this department cannot bear such emptiness and waste. In the extremely unfavorable climate, most of them, such as Ma Zuguang, Huang Wenhu, Qin Yukun, etc., still adhere to their beliefs and persist in studying, or go to factories to conduct scientific research based on production practice, and have achieved some results. At the same time, the majority of cadres and teachers have been expressing their opinions through various channels, demanding that the students who moved south will return to Harbin Institute of Technology as soon as possible.
Finally, on August 1, 1973, the State Council and the Central Military Commission jointly issued a document instructing that "Chongqing University of Technology will still be moved back to Harbin" and "the former Second Department of Military Industry will still be transferred back to Changsha Institute of Technology." The wandering, separated and tired Harbin Institute of Technology began another large-scale and long-term "return to the north" and "reunion". Another rumbling special train, the long Shu Road to Qinling, Shanhaiguan and Black Earth. When the train entered the urban area of ??Harbin and saw the towering spire of the main building of Harbin Institute of Technology, many people shed tears.
The move to the south is an unforgivable episode in the history of Harbin Institute of Technology. When Qian Hui was far away, he suffered a double disaster. From 1966 to 1972, neither Chongqing University of Technology nor the left-behind Harbin Institute of Technology enrolled students. At the same time, the school suffered heavy losses in assets, personnel and advantageous majors, and the vitality of Harbin Institute of Technology, which once attracted national attention, was severely damaged. Recalling that period of history, the older generation of Harbin Institute of Technology still feels regretful.
However, time cannot be replayed, history has become destiny.
Fortunately, the phoenix emerged from the flames; above the ruins, the spirit is immortal. After moving south and returning to the north, according to the instructions of the Provincial Revolutionary Committee, Heilongjiang Institute of Technology and Harbin Institute of Electrical Engineering "each returned to their respective homes." The leaders and faculty of Harbin Institute of Technology cleaned the campus, installed equipment, raised funds, mobilized talents, and rebuilt the major. Most majors began to resume enrollment (worker, peasant, and soldier students), and Harbin Institute of Technology finally came back to life. The administrative unit of the school was transferred to the Eighth Machinery Administration and the Seventh Machinery Department, and Harbin Institute of Technology re-entered the path of teaching and scientific research serving the national defense and aerospace industry.
In November 1996, Comrade Gao Tie, who once served as the president of Harbin Institute of Technology, wrote a poem. The line "Looking for heroes from all over the world, and rebuilding universities in northern Xinjiang" is a vivid portrayal of the prosperous years and heroic sentiments. Harbin Institute of Technology has finally passed a "gray iron era".
(Chen Xihui)
Editor: Assistant Source: Harbin Institute of Technology Daily